陕西省2004-2005年蔬菜、水果中农药残留污染状况调查

目的了解陕西地区蔬菜、水果中使用农药残留情况。方法2004年9月和2005年9月对全省6个市县各大农贸市场及超市销售的蔬菜、水果以及个别蔬菜、水果产地的蔬菜、水果随机抽样检查,采用气相色谱仪法及气相色谱-质谱仪法对18种蔬菜、水果中的有机磷、氨基甲酸酯、菊酯、三氯杀螨醇4类22种农药残留量进行测定。结果2年共抽检蔬菜、水果样品455份。2004年采集174份,其中有机磷类农药总检出率18.39%,超标率18.39%。氨基甲酸酯类农药检出率为12.64%,超标率2.87%。菊酯类农药的总检出率为31.03%,均未超标。三氯杀螨醇农药检出率为4.02%,均未超标。2005年采集281份,其中有机磷农药总检出率34.16%,超标率27.40%。氨基甲酸酯类农药检出率5.34%,均未超标。菊酯类农药检出率为52.67%,超标率1.07%。三氯杀螨醇农药检出率为37.01%,超标率6.41%。结论陕西地区蔬菜、水果中滥施农药特别是有机磷和三氯杀螨醇等高毒、剧毒农药的情况较为严重,应加强监督管理。

Investigation of Pesticide Residues in Vegetables and Fruits in Shaanxi Province in 2004 - 2005

Objective To understand the pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits in Shaanxi Province.Method Samples were gathered randomly from six major cities and counties in farm fairs and supermarkets separately in September 2004 and September 2005.455 samples of 18 kinds of vegetables and fruits were examined for 22 kinds of pesticides by GC and GC-MS.Results The results obtained from the 174 samples of 2004 showed that the positive rates of organic phosphorous,carbamate pesticide,pyrethroid pesticide and dieofol were 18.39%,12.64%.31.03% and 4.02%respectively,and 18.39%,2.87%,0.00% and 0.00%respectively,exceeded the limit of national standard.The results obtained from the 281 samples of 2005 showed that the positive rates of organic phosphorous,carbamate pesticides,pyrethroid pesticide and dieofol were 34.16%,5.34%,52.67% and 37.01% respectively,and 27.40%,0.00%,1.07%,6.41% respectively exceeded the limit of national standard.Conclusion In Shaanxi Province,residues of organic phosphorous and dieofol were relatively serious in vegetables and fruits.