高脂饮食诱导高脂血症大鼠及不同器官病理变化

通过高脂饮食建立高脂血症大鼠模型,观察高脂血症大鼠体内程序性死亡受体1(PD-1)的表达变化。将40只雄性SD大鼠分为2组,分别饲喂普通饲料和高脂饲料12周,计算大鼠的肝脏、脾脏和胰腺指数,测定大鼠全血血糖,检测大鼠血清中甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(T-CHO)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的含量,通过HE染色检测大鼠肝脏的病理变化,同时采用RT-q PCR检测PD-1 mRNA在大鼠肝脏、脾脏和胰腺组织内的表达变化。结果表明:高脂饲料组大鼠的肝脏、脾脏和胰腺指数显著高于普通饲料组;高脂饲料组大鼠的血糖显著升高;高脂饲料组大鼠血清中的TG、T-CHO、LDL-C的含量均显著高于普通饲料组,LDLC/HDL-C的比值也显著高于普通饲料组,高脂血症大鼠造模成功。HE染色显示高脂饲料组大鼠肝脏组织内均出现明显脂肪空泡。与普通饲料组相比,高脂饲料组大鼠肝脏、脾脏和胰腺组织内PD-1 mRNA的表达均显著降低,提示PD-1可能参与了高脂血症的发生和发展。

Hyperlipidemia induced by high-fat diet in rats and pathological changes in different organs

In order to establish hyperlipidemia rats model by high-fat diet and observe expression of PD-1 in hyperlipidemia rats, forty male SD rats were divided into two groups of high-fat diet group and normal diet group and fed for twelve weeks with normal feed and high-fat feed, respectively. The liver index, spleen index and pancreas index were calculated. The blood glucose and serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (T-CHO) and high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) concentrations were determined. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of rat liver, and PD-1 mRNA expressions in rat liver, spleen and pancreas were detected by RT-qPCR. The results showed that the liver index, spleen index and pancreas index in the high-fat diet group were significantly higher than those in the normal diet group. The blood glucose in the high-fat diet group was significantly increased, the serum levels of TG, T-CHO, HDL-C and LDL-C in the high-fat diet group were higher than those in the normal diet group, and the ratio of LDL-C to HDL-C was also significantly higher than that in the normal diet group. HE staining showed that there were obvious fat vacuoles in the liver tissue of rats fed with high-fat diet. The expressions of PD-1 mRNA in liver, spleen and pancreas tissue of rats fed with high-fat diet were significantly lower than that of rats fed with nomal diet, indicating that PD-1 might participate in the occurrence and development of hyperlipidemia.