普通烟草种内主要栽培类型间烟叶香味成分的比较与分析

以普通烟草种中常规烤烟、特香型烤烟、香料烟和晒、晾烟等不同品质类型的原烟为供试材料,应用气相色谱技术检测分析了普通烟草主要栽培类型间烟叶的致香物质成分。在检测到的52种烟叶致香成分中,有6种香味成分与普通烟草栽培类型的划分密切相关。根据这6种香味成分对供试材料进行聚类分析,结果表明,特香型烤烟与香料烟和晒晾烟聚为一类,而普通烤烟单独成类。感官评吸表明,烤烟栽培品种中均表现常规的烤烟香气风格特点,但特香型烤烟和晾、晒烟栽培类型间均存在一种类似香料烟的特征性香气,感官评吸与香味成分聚类结果一致。对香味物质成分比较分析结果表明,检测到的26种致香成分在普通烤烟与其它栽培类型间存在显著或极显著差异,除棕榈酸和2-甲基四氢呋喃-3-酮外,其余24种香味成分在常规烤烟类型中含量均较其它栽培烟草类型低。此为烟草栽培品种品质类型的划分和特殊香味物质成分的鉴定奠定了生物学与应用化学基础。

Comparative Analysis of Aroma Components Among Major Cultivar Types of Nicotiana Tabacum L.

The aroma components among major cultivar types of N.tabacum L.including common flue-cured tobacco,special aroma flue-cured tobacco,oriental tobacco and sun/air-cured tobacco were analyzed by Gas Chromatography.Fifty-two aroma components were detected and 6 components were significantly correlated with type classification of tobacco.Based on the 6 aroma components,special aroma flue-cured tobacco,oriental tobacco and sun/air-cured tobacco clustered together and common flue-cured tobacco came into another cluster.To evaluate the aroma phenotype of the materials in this study,sensory evaluation was developed and the results showed that special aroma flue-cured tobacco,oriental tobacco and sun/air-cured tobacco all possessed a characteristic aroma of oriental tobacco-like while common flue-cured tobacco didn't,which was coincident with the cluster analysis.Therefore,we analyzed the aroma components comparatively between the two clusters and there were 26 aroma component detected significant difference at 0.05 or 0.01 levels.Except palmitic-acid and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran-3-one,the others 24 contents of aroma components in flue-cured tobacco were lower than other tobacco types.This study provided biology and applied chemistry research foundation for tobacco types classification and special aroma detection.