不同种类绿肥翻压还田对植烟土壤微生物量及酶活性的影响

为探讨绿肥作物改良土壤的生态作用，通过3年田间定位试验，研究了不同种类绿肥翻压对植烟土壤微生物量和酶活性的影响。结果表明，绿肥翻压能提高植烟土壤微生物量和酶活性。与冬闲相比，土壤基础呼吸提高了196.44%，细菌、真菌和放线菌数量分别提高了36.29%、82.88%和9.16%，蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶、磷酸酶和脲酶活性分别提高了35.82%、10.57%、17.13%和15.89%。显然翻压绿肥对土壤微生物量的影响要大于土壤酶活性。不同绿肥之间，禾本科绿肥对土壤微生物量和土壤酶活性的影响最大，其次是豆科绿肥，十字花科绿肥的影响较小。因此，利用烟田冬季休闲时间种植绿肥后翻压还田，可改善烟田土壤环境，是实现烟叶生产可持续发展的一个重要措施。

Effects of Different Green Manures on Microbial Biomass and Enzyme Activities of Tobacco-planting Soil

In order to investigate the ecological functions of green manure in improving soil, field experiment in 3 consecutive years were conducted to study the effect of different green manure application on the microbial biomass and enzyme activities of tobacco-planting soil. The results showed that green manure turnover could increase soil microbial biomass and soil enzyme activities. Compared with control, the total activities of soil microorganism were increased by 196.44%, and the amounts of bacterium, fungus, actinomyces increased by 36.29%, 82.88%, 9.16%, respectively. The activities of invertase, catalase, phosphatase and urease were increased by 35.82%, 10.57%, 17.13%, and 15.89%, respectively. The influence of consecutive green manure turnover on soil microbial biomass was bigger than soil enzyme activities. The influence of gramineous green manure application on the microbial biomass and enzyme activities of tobacco-planting soil was the biggest, with the next being leguminous green manure, and cruciferae green manure being the smallest. Thus, application of green manures could improve soil environment of tobacco field and be favorable to the sustainable development of tobacco production.