中国白酒酿造微生态学研究技术进展及应用状况

近年来分子生物学相关技术发展迅速,在微生物生态学研究中的应用也越来越多,这也促进了白酒酿造微生态研究技术的迅速发展。白酒酿造微生态研究中,除传统的微生物分析方法外,所用的最主要的技术为分子生物学技术,如基于PCR的指纹图谱分析、基因测序及分析等,这其中以PCR-DGGE技术最为常用。新一代测序技术、基因芯片技术、生物信息学技术的不断发展和完善使一些组学技术——宏基因组学、蛋白组学、代谢组学等在生态学领域有越来越多的应用。其中的一些新技术也开始在白酒酿造微生态学中应用,而且具有广泛应用的潜力,将来可以利用这些技术研究白酒酿造微生态,进一步揭示白酒微生物酿造规律,进而指导白酒生产,促进生产更多优质白酒。

Research Progress in Microecology of Baijiu-Making&Its Application

In recent years,molecular biology-related technology has been developing rapidly,and its application in microbial ecology research is also increasing,which has promoted the rapid development of Baijiu-making microecology research.In the research fields of Baijiu-making microecology,the main technologies cover fingerprint analysis based on PCR,gene sequencing and analysis etc.in addition to traditional microbial analysis methods.Among them,PCR-DGGE is the most commonly used.With the continuous development and improvement of new generation sequencing technology,gene chip technology and bioinformatics technology,some genomics technologies,such as macrogenomics,proteomics,metabolomics,have been applied more and more in the fields of ecology.Some of these new technologies have already been applied in Baijiu-making and have great potentials for wide application.In the future,these technologies could be used for the study of Baijiu-making microecology,and further revealing Baijiu-making rules of microbes,and producing more high-quality Baijiu.