天津市食用菌质量安全风险监测调查与分析

目的 通过对天津市销售的5种有代表性的鲜品食用菌开展污染物监测工作, 了解天津市食用菌质量安全现状。方法 在生产基地、批发市场、农贸市场和超市随机抽取香菇、平菇、白灵菇、金针菇和双孢菇5种新鲜样品, 共131份样品, 进行重金属、农药和甲醛含量的测定。结果 经检测发现, 食用菌有害重金属总体合格率为95.4%, 子实体中均含有Pb、Cd和As元素, 检出率为100%; 同时绝大部分子实体也含有Hg元素, 检出率为94.6%; 农药残留总体合格率为92.3%, 农药残留检出率为35.6%; 甲醛的检出率为87.9%。 结论 天津市鲜品食用菌质量安全状况良好, 为进一步保证食用菌的质量安全, 应加强对食用菌生产的监督与管理, 提升食用菌品质。

Investigation and analysis on the quality and safety risk monitoring of edible fungi in Tianjin

Objective To investigate the quality and safety status of edible fungi through the pollutant monitoring of five representative fresh edible fungi sold in Tianjin. Methods A total of 131 samples of five kinds fresh fungi Lentinusedodes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus nebrodensis, Flammulina velutipes and Agaricus bisporus were randomly selected from production bases, wholesale markets, wet markets and supermarkets to determine the contents of heavy metals, pesticides and formaldehyde. Results The results showed that the total qualified rate of harmful heavy metals in edible fungi was 95.4%, and all fruiting bodies contained Pb, Cd and As, with the detection rate of 100%. Hg was also found in most of fruiting bodies, with the detection rate of 94.6%. The overall qualified rate of pesticide residue was 92.3%, and the detection rate of pesticide was 35.6%. In addition, the formaldehyde detection rate was 87.9%. Conclusion The quality and safety of fresh edible fungi in Tianjin is good. In order to further ensure the quality and safety of edible fungi, the supervision and management of edible fungi production should be strengthened to improve the quality of edible fungi.