食用菌主要重金属污染及风险评价研究进展

食用菌含有多种营养成分和活性物质,营养价值高,且具有保健功效。食用菌具有富集重金属的生物学特性,且对镉和汞的富集能力最强,而各地食用菌的主要重金属污染元素也不尽相同。因此,在充分利用食用菌富集有益于人体健康物质的特性的同时,也要规避其对重金属富集作用而产生的健康风险。本文在分析和汇总现有相关研究文献的基础上,对国内外食用菌中重金属污染现状进行了论述,对已有的重金属风险评估方法进行了探讨,以期能够为相关部门制定政策和法规提供参考依据。

Research progress on the main heavy metal pollution and risk assessment of edible mushrooms

Edible mushrooms contain a variety of nutrients and active substances, with high nutritional value, and have a variety of health effects. Edible mushrooms have the biological characteristics of enriching heavy metals, and have the strongest enrichment capacity for cadmium and mercury, but the main heavy metal pollution elements of edible fungi are different in different places. Therefore, while making full use of the characteristics of the enrichment of edible fungi which are beneficial to human health, the health risks caused by the enrichment of heavy metals should also be avoided. Based on the analysis and summary of relevant literature, this paper summarized the current situation of heavy metal pollution in domestic and foreign edible fungi, and discussed the existing methods of heavy metal risk assessment, in order to provide references for relevant departments to formulate policies and regulations.