区块链在绿色能源证书交易方面的应用与实践

随着分布式能源补贴的退坡及取消,利用新型互联网技术探索分布式可再生能源的可持续发展问题具有较好的应用前景.文章首先分析了国内外绿证交易技术发展与应用现状,结合我国可再生能源配额制,建立基于车联网平台的绿色能源证书交易体系,并利用区块链加密防篡改与P2P技术,研发基于车联网平台的绿证生成及交易软件,实现绿证的本地生成与数...     

适应能源互联网多主体合作共享的区块链交易平台

随着售电侧的放开,配电网中接入了大规模小容量的分布式发电单元,形成了如微电网、综合能源服务商和虚拟电厂等多类型市场主体.由于分布式能源大规模接入,能源互联网下的能源市场与传统的输电网也有所区别,正朝着主体多元化、结构扁平化、商品多样化的方向发展,最终形成多方的竞争性市场机制和灵活性市场环境.因此针对上述背景,本文分析了...     

基于区块链和动态定价模型的微电网P2P能源交易

微电网之间的能源贸易可以减少对公用大电网的依赖.研究了基于区块链的微电网对等能源交易,微电网中的消费者和生产者不需要第三方就可以交易能源,在提出的模型中引入了滞期费机制,构建动态定价模型,使微电网优化能源消耗并最大程度地减少电费,并为微电网提供了足够的能量.仿真结果验证了所提模型的有效性.     

基于区块链的绿证交易撮合及流通模型研究

为进一步推动可再生能源的健康发展,提升可再生能源消纳过程的公信力和可追溯性,文章提出一种基于区块链的绿证交易撮合及流通模型,借助区块链的平等互信、不可篡改、公开透明等优势特性,在区块链上完整记录绿证的发行和交易过程,能够有效降低用户间的信任成本、简化绿证的溯源和审计、提升绿证的交易和流通效率提供了有力保障.     

能源区块链应用的 基础设施互链网技术研究

区块链具有分布式记账、多节点数据共享、防篡改、可追溯和审计等技术优势,被越来越多的应用在能源领域.基于区块链的能源互联网能够实现各方的身份认证和互信,优化能源流程,降低成本,在促进能源系统各环节的互通互联、促进不同能源结构的耦合优化等方面发挥着重要的作用.文章首先介绍了许可区块链技术、互链网技术和智能合约技术的发展现状...     

基于区块链的乡村分布式电力交易系统设计与应用

随着我国农村分布式电能市场交易的稳步发展,以及农村电网政策扶持力度的增强,为更好地带动农村用能效率提升和新能源就地消纳利用的融合发展,必须要进一步加强农村电网技术、运营管理和电能交易的创新,弥补农村电网基础设施缺陷。基于区块链本身所具备的分布式存储、点对点传输和多中心化等技术特性,结合电力智能合约,构建了一种新型的乡村分布式电力交易模型,用以在乡村微能网内开展电力能源交易,形成乡村级的电力能源集贸市场。     

综合能源服务区块链的网络架构、交互模型与信用评价

数据交易流通是价值变现的重要手段。作为一种新兴的产业业态,我国大数据交易正处于发展阶段,仍然存在一些亟待解决的问题。区块链技术凭借泛中心化、不可篡改及可追溯等特性为数据交易提供了可信的业务发展技术保障。文章提出基于区块链技术解决数据交易中的关键问题,研究设计了基于区块链的数据交易平台架构,在此基础上探索电力数据交易场景,为可信环境下数据交易平台设计研发及电力行业应用提供了一种参考思路。

     

Distributed generation investment by a microgrid under uncertainty

This paper examines a California-based microgrid's decision to invest in a distributed generation (DG) unit fuelled by natural gas. While the long-term natural gas generation cost is stochastic, we initially assume that the microgrid may purchase electricity at a fixed retail rate from its utility. Using the real options approach, we find a natural gas generation cost threshold that triggers DG investment. Furthermore, the consideration of operational flexibility by the microgrid increases DG investment, while the option to disconnect from the utility is not attractive. By allowing the electricity price to be stochastic, we next determine an investment threshold boundary and find that high electricity price volatility relative to that of natural gas generation cost delays investment while simultaneously increasing the value of the investment. We conclude by using this result to find the implicit option value of the DG unit when two sources of uncertainty exist.     

Comparative study of speed estimators with highly noisy measurement signals for Wind Energy Generation Systems

This paper presents a comparative study of several speed estimators to implement a sensorless speed control loop in Wind Energy Generation Systems driven by power factor correction three-phase boost rectifiers. This rectifier topology reduces the low frequency harmonics contents of the generator currents and, consequently, the generator power factor approaches unity whereas undesired vibrations of the mechanical system decrease. For implementation of the speed estimators, the compared techniques start from the measurement of electrical variables like currents and voltages, which contain low frequency harmonics of the fundamental frequency of the wind generator, as well as switching frequency components due to the boost rectifier. In this noisy environment it has been analyzed the performance of the following estimation techniques: Synchronous Reference Frame Phase Locked Loop, speed reconstruction by measuring the dc current and voltage of the rectifier and speed estimation by means of both an Extended Kalman Filter and a Linear Kalman Filter.     

Modelling of energy systems with a high percentage of CHP and wind power

This paper presents the energy system analysis model EnergyPLAN, which has been used to analyse the integration of large scale wind power into the national Danish electricity system. The main purpose of the EnergyPLAN model is to design suitable national energy planning strategies by analysing the consequences of different national energy investments. The model emphasises the analysis of different regulation strategies and different market economic optimisation strategies.At present wind power supply 15% of the Danish electricity demand and ca 50% is produced in CHP (combined heat and power production). The model has been used in the work of an expert group conducted by the Danish Energy Agency for the Danish Parliament. Results are included in the paper in terms of strategies, in order to manage the integration of CHP and wind power in the future Danish energy supply in which more than 40% of the supply is expected to come from wind power.     

基于遗传算法和微分进化算法的分布式电源优化配置

配电系统中,分布式电源（ＤＧ）安装位置的选择、额定容量的确定对于电网规划、设计和投资至关重要,以10节点配电网系统为例,采用遗传算法和微分进化算法对分布式电源进行了优化配置,建立了DG的不确定性模型,并将其加入到优化分析中,给出了优化算法的求解程序。对含DG的配电网进行了潮流计算,分析了DG容量与系统总网损的关系。算例分析结果表明,优化配置有效改善了配电网的电压分布,减小了网损,提高了系统负荷率,说明了该优化配置方法合理、有效。     

Convergence of rule-of-thumb sizing and allocating rules of distributed generation in meshed power networks

This paper presents different approaches to find out and address some rules for distributed generation (DG) integrated mesh type networks, which can be used in the management of future power systems. There are so many influencing factors of efficiency in the integration of DG that we need to analyze these influencing factors obviously. Hence, carefully planning plays a key role in tackling these challenges in the future power systems. In contrast to the majority of existing observations, we focus on the case where the underlying states are multiple and single DG allocations with changing conditions. In several previous studies, the best single bus has been investigated under the specified conditions. However, it follows from the results of this study that all issues concerning DG strongly depend on power network structure and DG locations, and it is worth to note that the best location changes with penetration levels. Also, it is observed that the all buses show different characteristics in terms of DG integrations under the different cases, moreover their optimum size and power factor are different. It means that optimum bus in a network changes with the conditions. On the other hand, the problematic buses can be occurred in voltage profile after the DG integration. As a result, an investigation of rule of thumb approach is performed for evaluation of performance enhancement of DG integrated meshed networks. The results are also used to discuss the integration of DG management strategies under various operating conditions.     

Distributed energy generation and sustainable development

Conventionally, power plants have been large, centralized units. A new trend is developing toward distributed energy generation, which means that energy conversion units are situated close to energy consumers, and large units are substituted by smaller ones. A distributed energy system is an efficient, reliable and environmentally friendly alternative to the traditional energy system. In this article, we will first discuss the definitions of a distributed energy system. Then we will evaluate political, economic, social, and technological dimensions associated with regional energy systems on the basis of the degree of decentralization. Finally, we will deal with the characteristics of a distributed energy system in the context of sustainability. This article concludes that a distributed energy system is a good option with respect to sustainable development.