QoE enhancement of the industrial metaverse based on Mixed Reality application optimization

As a comprehensive integration of many new-generation information technologies, the metaverse has become a research hotspot that has attracted much attention. As a part of the metaverse, the industrial metaverse is expected to break through the constraints of space and time and promote high-quality industrial development. The industrial metaverse is human-centric, so its quality of experience (QoE) is a key topic. As one of the enabling technologies of the industrial metaverse, Mixed Reality (MR) can seamlessly integrate virtual information with the physical world and is widely regarded as an important window to the industrial metaverse. In close integration with other enabling technologies, industrial MR applications can be seen as a path toward the realization of the industrial metaverse; thus, the optimization of industrial MR applications can effectively achieve the QoE enhancement of the industrial metaverse. Based on the analysis of existing research and the characteristics of industrial scenarios, consistency, authenticity, smoothness, and comfort are identified as the factors that influence the user experience (UX) of industrial MR applications. Specific optimization methods for industrial MR applications are proposed to improve the UX with regard to these four factors. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods, a QoE evaluation model of the industrial metaverse based on the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) is established. Moreover, an industrial metaverse prototype for longwall mining that incorporates the proposed methods is developed and its QoE is evaluated. The results show that the proposed optimization methods for industrial MR applications significantly enhance the QoE in the industrial metaverse, and can provide better services for users in industrial systems, thus better serving these systems.     

Connected without disconnection: Overview of light field metaverse applications and their quality of experience

With the rapid technological advances of the recent years, the practical instances of the metaverse have become more immersive and engaging than ever before. In their most frequent forms, the 3D virtual worlds of the metaverse are enabled by virtual reality headsets. This means that the user is completely disconnected from its real environment and is fully immersed in such a virtual world. The quality of experience of virtual reality and other headset-based technologies is now definitely a hot research topic, and the findings of the relevant scientific efforts are continuously emerging. However, as a headset-free immersive 3D technology, light field visualization is greatly underinvestigated with regard to the concept of the metaverse. In this paper, we address the applications of light field metaverse, compare its advantages and disadvantages to more conventional metaverse technologies, and discuss the most important issues regarding user experience. The paper highlights the user-oriented considerations for the development of general-purpose and dedicated light field displays. Additionally, our work examines state-of-the-art display systems and the current feasibility of a light field metaverse.     

增强现实技术综述

增强现实技术是将计算机渲染生成的虚拟场景与真实世界中的场景无缝融合起来的一种技术,它通过视频显示设备将虚实融合的场景呈现给用户,使人们与计算机之间的交互更加的自然,同时具有广泛的应用前景,因此成为近年来的一个研究热点。随着跟踪注册技术的进步、计算机性能的飞速发展、深度摄像机的普及,以及Light Field投影技术在增强现实中的应用,增强现实技术逐渐成为下一代人机交互的发展方向。该文章首先概述了增强现实的主要研究内容和发展情况,并详细介绍了增强现实的关键技术、开发工具,然后分类概述了增强现实应用案例。     

网络传输中IPTV的QoE评估模型的研究

IPTV是一种基于Internet的多媒体网络服务,由于Internet本身的不可靠性,使其在网络传输过程中无法保证服务质量。为了实时定量评估IPTV服务质量,提出了一种基于IPTV的用户体验评估模型,通过建立从网络服务质量QoS到用户体验质量QoE的映射关系,借助QoS测量技术,以实现针对QoE的在线评估。实验建立IPTV仿真平台,模拟真实网络环境下IPTV媒体流传输的整个过程,实现网络损伤QoS可控和QoE可测。针对不同编码和不同内容的视音频,分别建立独立的QoE评估模型。同时考虑到模型对数据精度和计算速度的需求,给出优化的QoE评估模型。实验结果表明,该评估模型与实际用户体验具有较高的拟合度。     

The optimization of Transparent‐Desktop service mechanism based on SPICE

Desktop virtualization, which is to make the desktop virtual so that users can access any application through the network with any devices at any time and any place, is being widely used now as an emerging trend. However, it is important to further improve this approach while maintaining good user experience. Though the simple protocol for independent computing environments as a virtual desktop solution can achieve a user experience similar to an interaction with a local machine, there are still many deficiencies in it. For instance, it cannot apply to environment of high controllability of user, and the quality of graphic interactive experience is to be improved. In this paper, to meet QoE requirements of user, we build a feasible file transfer and sharing mechanism and propose a graphics subsystem optimization strategy based on simple protocol for independent computing environments (SPICE), namely Transparent Desktop. We also verify that the Transparent Desktop can provide users with ubiquitous desktop services of higher efficiency, stronger user‐controllability and better QoE through the experimental. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种视频质量监测系统的设计与实现

网络服务提供商希望能从用户的角度了解目前网络所提供的服务质量,而用户也希望获得定量的指标来评价当前网络服务质量。为此,以视频质量监测为研究对象,提出一种面向用户体验质量的网络监测系统。通过实验分析了网络传输过程中QoS参数对视频QoE的影响;提出一种将视频流转化为测试序列的视频丢包测量方法,该方法能低入侵、准确测量视频传输过程中的丢包情况;基于以上的研究成果,通过对MIB库的扩展和对MIB库轮询机制的研究,构建了面向QoE的视频服务监测系统,该监测系统结构简单、可行性强,实验表明可实时对网络中的视频服务质量进行监测。     

HTTP移动流媒体QoE管理综述

随着移动通信网络和技术的快速发展,多媒体信息的大量涌现,人们对多媒体信息服务的要求也越来越高。基于HTTP协议的移动流媒体由于拥有广泛运营基础的Web服务器网络环境,部署简单,适用范围广泛等优点成为研究的热点。简要介绍了HTTP移动流媒体的相关特点,重点分析了影响HTTP移动流媒体用户体验质量的各层因素,归纳总结了评价方法和现有的工具,并对 HTTP 移动流媒体相应的优化进行了介绍,最后对HTTP移动流媒体QoE管理进行了总结和展望。     

元宇宙中区块链的应用与展望

元宇宙是虚拟数字世界与真实物理世界无缝融合的新生态,近来引发了各界的广泛关注。区块链、人工智能、虚拟现实/增强现实及传感技术、移动通信及泛在计算等各种新型互联网技术愈发成熟,使元宇宙的进一步发展成为可能。关于元宇宙的研究主要涉及产业项目、基础设施、关键技术、隐私安全等方面,这些研究虽然涉及区块链技术,但未具体指出区块链应用于元宇宙的优势及具体应用方式。区块链技术不仅可以为元宇宙提供开放自由的去中心化环境,而且可以为其提供公平合理的数字资产分配机制。主要从区块链赋能元宇宙中数字身份和数字资产管理的角度出发,分析了元宇宙的发展历程和特征,讨论了元宇宙发展所需核心技术及面临的挑战。同时研究了区块链的关键技术,并从区块链的本质特征及与其他技术融合优势两个方面对区块链应用于元宇宙做可行性分析。进一步提出元宇宙生态体系架构,重点详细分析了基于区块链的自我主权身份管理模型、区块链-非同质化通证（NFT,non-fungible token）工作流程及其在元宇宙中的应用。结合区块链和元宇宙的最新研究进展,从基础设施、通信和计算资源管理机制、监管与隐私保护以及区块链可扩展和互操作性4个方面指出区块链应用...     

宽带用户感知质量（QoE）评测体系研究

如何通过量化的方法来表示用户对业务与网络的体验和感受,并反映当前业务和网络的质量与用户期望间的差距,成为在当前通信业激烈竞争大背景下,运营商提高终端用户的满意度、留住用户并扩大用户规模的关键。通过对宽带用户QoE关键影响要素进行分析,建立一套较为完善的宽带用户QoE评测体系和方法,以期为运营商宽带QoE评测提供参考和借鉴。     

基于移动增强现实的地震科普馆导览系统

增强现实技术是一种将虚拟信息无缝融合到真实世界的新技术,近年来受到国内外研究者的广泛关注。随着便携性、智能化移动设备的快速发展,增强现实技术越来越多地应用到移动设备上,具有很好的发展前景。以识别特定标志物为目的,研究并实现了一个基于移动增强现实的地震科普馆导览系统。利用Wi-Fi定位和图像处理对标志物进行检测识别;利用标志物的四个顶点,通过确定坐标系之间的变换关系,计算摄像机位姿,实现摄像机跟踪定位;通过坐标系之间的变换,确定虚拟信息在成像平面上的位置,实现虚拟信息的注册。测试结果表明,该系统能够实现地震科普馆导览功能,达到了预期的研究目标。     

基于Internet的数字化样板房定制系统研究*

针对房地产业传统商务模式存在的问题以及人们对生活空间个性化的需求,提出了基于Internet的数字化样板房定制原型系统.以整合房地产相关产业,形成快捷有效、运作成本更低的产业流程和产业模式为目的,尝试利用电子商务、计算机网络、虚拟现实等技术改造传统房地产业.就新型房地产电子商务模式进行了探讨,搭建了原型系统的基本构架,并重点研究了可编程实时渲染等关键技术.对利用可编程实时渲染技术改进虚拟展示系统材质真实感表现方面取得了初步的研究成果.     

面向智能终端的数据业务QoE测量体系

为了探究面向智能终端的数据业务QoE测量方法,通过分析QoE研究现状和数据业务用户体验特性,以时延、抖动、信息丢失为依据,建立了针对现有数据业务QoE的立体分类模型。在分析终端对QoE影响的基础上,综合网络、业务、终端三方面影响因素,创新性地提取QoE终端参数影响因子,结合面向业务的网络影响因子提取方法,建立了数据业务的QoE测量体系模型。     

虚拟现实的支付研究与设计

近几年来,虚拟现实（Virtual Reality,VR）技术发展迅猛,成为炙手可热的新兴行业.VR硬件已达到基本成熟的阶段,VR应用也应势成为新的掘金点,在影视娱乐、游戏、教育等各个领域都得到了广泛的应用.但在支付领域,市场暂无优秀的VR支付解决方案.本文基于虚拟现实的支付研究,旨在利用token技术,通过VR设备内安全模块加密保护银行卡数据和支付数据,并利用3D建模技术构建沉浸式VR支付场景,以寻求安全、便捷、开放的VR支付方案.研究结果表明,该设计解决了现今VR支付产品交互难、安全性低的问题,并且有效提高了支付成功率.     

Integrated Inspection of QoM,QoP, and QoS for AOI Industries in Metaverses

With the rapid development of information technologies such as digital twin, extended reality, and blockchain, the hype around "metaverse" is increasing at astronomical speed. However, much attention has been paid to its entertainment and social functions. Considering the openness and interoperability of metaverses, the market of quality inspection promises explosive growth. In this paper, taking advantage of metaverses, we first propose the concept of Automated Quality Inspection (AutoQI), which performs integrated inspection covering the entire manufacturing process, including Quality of Materials, Quality of Manufacturing (QoM), Quality of Products, Quality of Processes (QoP), Quality of Systems, and Quality of Services (QoS). Based on the scenarios engineering theory, we discuss how to perform interactions between metaverses and the physical world for virtual design instruction and physical validation feedback. Then we introduce a bottom-up inspection device development workflow with productivity tools offered by metaverses, making development more effective and efficient than ever. As the core of quality inspection, we propose Quality Transformers to complete detection task, while federated learning is integrated to regulate data sharing. In summary, we point out the development directions of quality inspection under metaverse tide.      

VRML生成网络虚拟环境技术研究

虚拟现实建模语言（VRML）是虚拟现实技术与网络技术的融合，它已成为Internet三维虚拟世界的主要开发工具。文中深入分析了VRML创建网络虚拟环境的基本方法，并针对常规方法存在的不足，提出了改进意见。     

大型桥梁的三维建模与虚拟仿真

利用3DS Max建模软件和中视典数字科技有限公司自主开发的VR-Platform虚拟现实平台软件的结合,探讨了大型桥梁虚拟漫游系统的设计,介绍了虚拟现实的应用和发展前景,讨论了三维场景构建与交互漫游实现过程中所使用的技术,展现了虚拟现实技术在大型桥梁设计中的强大功能．证明了这种方案是切实可行的。     

基于虚拟现实技术的应急推演沙盘系统的设计和实现

应急模拟演习是为了测试对突发性事件的应急能力和素质。在应急模拟推演中运用先进的虚拟现实技术,可以更好地满足推演的数字化、三维立体化、交互等功能要求,使人产生身临其境的感觉。本文采用Torque 3D为虚拟现实工具,设计并研发了一款应急推演沙盘系统。该系统充分发挥虚拟现实技术的3D、互动等特性,可以实现应急推演过程的场景编辑、事件接报、分析研判、决策标绘、演练执行和总结等功能。本文为虚拟现实技术应用到应急模拟演习方面的研究提供了一新途径。     

基于三角形二叉树适应网格的地形场景绘制算法

随着计算机图形学、地理信息系统和虚拟现实技术的飞速发展以及数字虚拟城市的建立,基于海量地形数据场景的绘制成为首要解决的问题。文章在总结了相关研究的基础上,重点对实时优化适应网格技术进行了改进和完善,并对其的关键算法进行了详细的论述,最后笔者开发了一个实验程序,证明了该方法对于增强地形模型的绘制效率是非常有效的。     

基于VRML的虚拟卧室模型

虚拟现实(VR:Virtual Reality)是集计算机技术、传感与测量技术、仿真技术、微电子技术等为一体的综合集成技术,其目标为通过人工合成的经历来表示信息,让人在网络中感受到从现实生活中感受到的一切.VRML虚拟现实建模语言(Virtual Reality Modeling Language)被称为"第二代Web",它是描述虚拟现实场景的一种标准,利用它可以在Internet建立交互式的三维多媒体的虚拟世界.在VRML的基础上,实现了一个卧室的虚拟现实模型,其中包括多个物体在虚拟现实中的设计;在传统虚拟建模方法的基础上,尤其注重纹理和材质相关技术的应用,以改善虚拟物体的真实感,取得了令人满意的效果.     

基于QoS量化用户体验质量的评价模型

针对网络环境中业务供应商提供的业务不能很好的满足用户需求的问题,引入用户体验质量（QoE）并结合服务质量（QoS）参数,通过仿真网络得到相应数据,使用matlab工具分别建立用户体验质量与比特率、用户体验质量与丢包率的评价模型.运用统计分析方法对评价模型进行数据分析,并与史蒂文斯幂定律、韦伯-费希纳定律等模型进行对比验证.结果表明,构建的评价模型能更精确的体现用户体验质量与服务质量的关系,为供应商提供了重要的参考依据,并指明了服务方向.