一种基于MOSFET的晶体管式微细电火花加工脉冲电源的研究

通过对RC式脉冲电源和晶体管式脉冲电源的综合比较,提出一种基于FPGA的晶体管式微细电火花加工脉冲电源,该电源结合FPGA开发板和IR2101专用集成半桥驱动器,驱动半桥式结构的功率MOSFET,电源经实验验证后,在加工精度、效率及表面粗糙度等方面表现良好。经测试,该电源最高频率可达1 MHz,输出脉宽1～101 ms可调,开路电压1～200 V可调,同时结合微细电火花加工的实际需求,可以实现粗、半精、精三种加工形式。     

基于异形孔等效放电面积的微细电火花加工技术

针对喷丝板异形孔加工这一工艺难题，分析了微细电火花加工系统的关键技术，并对传统晶体管可控式RC脉冲电源电路拓扑进行了改进，设计并研制出适合微细电火花加工的新型微能脉冲电源。针对等效放电面积对微小异形孔加工效率及加工精度的影响进行了详细的理论分析与大量实验研究，为合理地选择加工规准提供了可靠的理论与实践依据。     

新型微能可控的MWEDM脉冲电源

分析了以往的微细电火花线切割加工(MWEDM)脉冲电源的不足。在现代电力电子技术基础上，开发出新型微能可控的微细电火花线切割加工脉冲电源。试验表明，这种高质量的脉冲电源为改善微细电火花线切割加工整体性能、拓展加工领域提供了技术保证。     

微细电化学加工纳秒脉冲电源的研制

根据微细电化学加工的工艺特点,采用CPLD器件EPM7160与8位单片机STC12C5A60S2,设计了微细电化学加工纳秒脉冲电源。脉冲参数设置通过专用键盘或RS232实现,参数显示采用国显电子的12864液晶模块实现,人机界面友好。通过RS232,电源可以接受主控计算机的实时参数调整。测试表明,脉宽、脉间等脉冲参数可调,且调节方便,通用性强。输出脉宽、脉间可以调至20ns以下,适于微细电化学加工。     

脉冲电化学光整加工电源的设计

根据脉冲电化学光整加工PECM工艺需要大功率、窄脉宽、高频率电源的这一特殊要求,以绝缘栅极双极晶体管IGBT为主控元件设计了一种高频脉冲加工电源.重点介绍了其主电路以及IGBT的驱动保护电路的设计方法.实验结果表明,这种高频脉冲电源在高频、窄脉宽、大功率等方面均能满足该工艺的要求.     

高频群脉冲电源在微细孔电化学加工中的应用

针对电化学加工的特殊需要所设计的一种新型电源———高频群脉冲电源的设计原理和特征,从理论上分析其对 于传统的直流电源和脉冲电源在微小型零件加工中的优越性;通过微细孔加工对这种新型的电源进行了分析和说明。 结果表明,在微小型加工领域,采用高频群脉冲电源在改善加工精度,提高加工质量方面优于直流电源和脉冲电源。     

高频窄脉冲电流微细电解加工

微细电解加工是微细加工领域很有发展前景的微细加工技术之一。适合于微细电解加工的装置被研制出来, 它包括机床进给机构、线电极电火花磨削在线制作微细电极装置、短路检测模块、脉冲电源及其他一些辅助装置, 其中,高频窄脉冲电源是微细电解加工最重要的核心技术之一。根据微细电解加工的特点,设计了微细电解加工 MOSFET脉冲电源,该微能脉冲电源能很好地满足微细电解加工的要求。运用该微细电解加工装置进行加工试验, 在低的加工电压和低的钝化电解液浓度条件下,利用高速旋转的微细电极加工微小孔和像小铣刀一样进行微细电解铣削加工微结构,得到了满意的工艺效果,因而进一步说明电解加工在微细加工领域很有发展潜力。     

纳秒级脉冲电源的研制

根据微细电化学加工的工艺特点,采用FPGA和MOSFET设计了双MOSFET的电化学加工纳秒级脉冲电源。该脉冲电源可以提供脉宽和脉问以及占空比可调的纳秒级脉冲,输出脉宽最小可达40ns,提高了加工过程的稳定性和加工极限能力;并利用阳极腐蚀结合湿印章的“电化学湿印章技术”实现了微细电化学加工,获得了较高的分辨率。     

高频窄脉宽微细电火花加工用微能脉冲电源的研究

分析了微能脉冲电源的实现途径。采用开关管推挽工作原理设计出了具有高频窄脉宽的微细电火花加工用微能脉冲电源。并对具有陡上升沿和下降沿的高频脉冲电源工作时产生的电磁振荡现象的原因进行了深入的研究。在此基础上设计出的脉冲电源最小脉宽可达100ns，较好地满足了微细电火花加工的需要。     

民火花微细加工系统研制

根据电火花微细加工的技术特点，设计研制适应电火花微细加工要求的伺服控制系统，微能脉冲电源和微细电极制造机构，整个系统工作稳定，能够较好地达到微细加工的要求。     

Improvement of machining characteristics of micro-EDM using transistor type isopulse generator and servo feed control

This paper describes the improvement of machining characteristics of micro electrical discharge machining (micro-EDM) using a newly developed transistor type isopulse generator and servo feed control. The RC generator is mainly applied in conventional micro-EDM even though the transistor type isopulse generator is generally more effective for obtaining higher removal rate, because the transistor type generator is unable to generate iso-duration discharge current pulses with small pulse duration (several dozen nano-seconds), which is the normal level for micro-EDM. A new transistor type isopulse generator was therefore developed using a current sensor with high frequency response. With the new transistor type isopulse generator developed, the pulse duration can be reduced to about 30 ns, which is equivalent to the pulse duration used in finishing by the conventional RC pulse generator for micro-EDM. In order to achieve stable machining and improve machining characteristics, a new servo feed control system for micro-EDM using average ignition delay time to monitor the gap distance was also developed. By integrating the transistor type isopulse generator with this new servo feed control system, we were able to obtain a removal rate of about 24 times higher than that of the conventional RC pulse generator with a constant feed rate in both semifinishing and finishing. The effectiveness of the servo feed control proved higher in finishing than in semifinishing, whereas the transistor type isopulse generator was more effective in semifinishing than in finishing.     

Machining characteristics of micro EDM in water using high frequency bipolar pulse

Micro EDM using conventional pulse generators such as the RC type or transistor type with water as the dielectric fluid suffers from poor accuracy of machined structures due to electrolytic corrosion. In this study, a new high frequency bipolar pulse generator for micro EDM in water was developed in order to prevent electrolytic corrosion. The new pulse generator produced a high frequency bipolar pulse possessing a positive pulse duration of several hundred nanoseconds with a high repetition rate provided to the machining gap. Discharge characteristics of micro EDM using the new pulse generator were investigated. Machining characteristics were also investigated according to machining conditions such as the repetition rate, positive voltage, capacitance and resistivity. Using the new pulse generator, micro holes without electrolytic corrosion were successfully fabricated in deionized water and tap water. Machining time, tool wear and clearance using the new pulse generator in deionized water decreased compared with those using the RC circuit in kerosene.     

电流型电火花加工脉冲电源的研究

分析了传统独立电火花加工脉冲电源和逆变式电火花加工脉冲电源的不足,论述了电源型电火花加工脉冲电源的工作原理,大量的样机和独立式脉冲电源的对比工艺试验表明,电流型脉冲电源不仅满足了电火花加工多项性能指标的要求,而且达到了高效节能的效果。     

Basic study on pulse generator for micro-EDM

An RC pulse generator can easily generate a pulse on-time as short as a several dozen nanoseconds in micro-electro-discharge machining (micro-EDM), but its discharge frequency is low due to the time needed to charge the capacitor in micro-EDM, which has a strong negative effect on the pulse generator’s working efficiency. Therefore, a new transistor-type isopulse generator has been developed for micro-EDM in this research. Evaluation of the machining characteristics proved that the transistor-type isopulse generator is suitable for micro-EDM. The experimental results reveal that the transistor-type pulse train generator is unsuitable for micro-EDM due to its low removal rate: 80-ns and 30-ns pulse on-times of discharge current can be obtained by using the transistor-type isopulse generator developed in this research, and the removal rate of this generator is two or three times higher than that of the traditional RC pulse generator.     

基于模糊控制的微细电火花加工脉冲电源研究

设计了一套微细电火花加工脉冲电源,该电源采用有效放电火花数检测方法对放电状态进行统计,并利用模糊控制算法对脉冲宽度和脉冲间隔进行调整以改善加工性能。试验结果表明,该脉冲电源在保证加工稳定性的基础上,能够有效地提高加工精度及加工效率。     

基于线电极的电火花铣削加工及其脉冲能量控制

介绍了基于线电极电火花铣削加工的产生背景及其基本原理,分析了在该加工中对单个脉冲放电能量进行控制的必要性,研制出了通过控制放电持续时间来控制脉冲能量的能量控制型脉冲电源,并给出了其放电脉冲波形。     

微细电火花加工脉冲电源及智能控制器设计

设计了以DSP和CPLD为控制单元的微细电火花脉冲电源,满足微细电火花加工单个脉冲能量小而可控的要求。针对加工过程难以用数学模型描述的问题,利用智能控制不依赖数学模型的优势,设计了模糊神经网络控制器,根据间隙放电状态,对在线参数实时调整。通过微小孔加工实验表明,采用智能控制的加工方式可以提高加工速度,有很好的应用前景。     

小孔加工电火花脉冲电源实验研究

针对传统脉冲电源普遍存在的电能利用率低、电阻发热严重、散热设备庞大等问题,提出了一种取消限流电阻的电火花脉冲电源结构。电源由PWM控制器、DC/DC变换器、加工脉冲时序发生器等组成。电源本身具有自动调节输出电压的功能,可实现空载击穿电压、脉冲宽度、脉冲间隔独立可调,取消了体积庞大的工频变压器。通过多次小孔加工实验获得了脉冲电源加工过程中电极损耗率、小孔椭圆度以及单边放电间隙等和电源稳定性相关参数的数据曲线,所得数据表明电源具有较好的加工稳定性和可靠性。     

节能式电火花加工脉冲电源的动态特性研究

运用状态空间平均法，建立了一种节能式电火花加工脉冲电源的等效电路模型和等效传递函数模型，进而对其放电电流的动态特性进行了分析和校正。电路仿真结果和实验样机加工实验证明，该种节能式脉冲电源的动态特性满足放电电流上升速度的暂态性能和放电电流纹波大小的稳态性能两方面的指标要求，可以实现低损耗、高速、稳定的放电加工。