共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Dr. R. Notz I. Tönnies Prof. Dr. G. Scheffknecht Prof. Dr. H. Hasse 《化学，工程师，技术》2010,82(10):1639-1653
An overview of technologies for fossil fuel power plants with drastically reduced CO2 emissions is given. Post combustion capture, Pre combustion capture, and Oxyfuel technology are introduced and compared. Current research results indicate that Post combustion capture may lead to slightly higher losses in power plant efficiency than the two other technologies. However, retrofitting of existing plants with Oxyfuel technology is complex and costly, and retrofitting of Pre combustion capture is not possible. On the other hand, Post combustion capture is suited for retrofitting. Based on the mature technology of reactive absorption, it can be implemented on a large scale in the near future. Therefore, Post combustion capture using reactive absorption is discussed here in some detail. 相似文献
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In order to understand the effect of SO2 on the CO2 capture performance under pressurized carbonation conditions, tests by orthogonal design were carried out in a calcination/pressurized carbonation reactor system. The effects of variables such as carbonation temperature, carbonation pressure, SO2 concentration, CO2 concentration, and the number of cycles on carbonation and sulfation were investigated. A range method was employed for analysis. Phase structure and scanning electron microscopy images were measured as supplement for a reaction study. Temperature increase enhanced the SO2 capture, leading to a rapid decay in CO2 uptake. The carbonation pressure had a stronger effect on the CO2 uptake than the temperature. SO2 uptake increased rapidly with increasing pressure while CO2 uptake decreased. 相似文献
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The cyclic carbonation performances of shells as CO2 sorbents were investigated during multiple calcination/carbonation cycles. The carbonation kinetics of the shell and limestone are similar since they both exhibit a fast kinetically controlled reaction regime and a diffusion controlled reaction regime, but their carbonation rates differ between these two regions. Shell achieves the maximum carbonation conversion for carbonation at 680–700 °C. The mactra veneriformis shell and mussel shell exhibit higher carbonation conversions than limestone after several cycles at the same reaction conditions. The carbonation conversion of scallop shell is slightly higher than that of limestone after a series of cycles. The calcined shell appears more porous than calcined limestone, and possesses more pores > 230 nm, which allow large CO2 diffusion‐carbonation reaction rates and higher conversion due to the increased surface area of the shell. The pores of the shell that are greater than 230 nm do not sinter significantly. The shell has more sodium ions than limestone, which probably leads to an improvement in the cyclic carbonation performance during the multiple calcination/carbonation cycles. 相似文献
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Jian Sun Yuandong Yang Yafei Guo Chuanwen Zhao Jubing Zhang Wenqiang Liu Ping Lu 《化学工程与技术》2019,42(6):1283-1292
The sharp loss‐in‐capacity in CO2 capture as a result of sintering is a major drawback for CaO‐based sorbents used in the calcium looping process. The decoration of inert supports effectively stabilizes the cyclic CO2 capture performance of CaO‐based sorbents via sintering mitigation. A range of Al‐decorated and Al/Mg co‐decorated CaO‐based sorbents were synthesized via an easily scaled‐up spray‐drying route. The decoration of Al‐based and Al/Mg‐based supports efficiently enhanced the cyclic CO2 capture capability of CaO‐based sorbents under severe testing conditions. The CO2 capture capacity losses of Al‐decorated and Al/Mg co‐decorated CaO‐based sorbents were alleviated, representing more stable CO2 capture performance. The stabilized CO2 capture performance is mainly attributed to the formation of Ca12Al14O33, MgAl2O4, and MgO that act as the skeleton structures to mitigate the sintering of CaCO3 during carbonation/calcination cycles. 相似文献
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A 2D CFD simulation of the carbonation reactor is carried out to evaluate the performance of potassium‐based dry sorbent during the CO2 capture process. A multiscale drag coefficient model is incorporated into the two‐fluid model to take the effects of clusters into account. The influence of several parameters on CO2 removal is investigated. The results indicate that increasing the reactor height and reducing the gas velocity can lengthen the residence time of particles and enhance the CO2 removal. The operating pressure has a significant influence on the performance of solid sorbents. A higher pressure will decrease the CO2 removal efficiency. 相似文献
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This paper presents a simulation study on the kinetic performance of combined methane combustion, steam/dry reforming, and limestone calcination for autothermal, hydrogen‐producing, and rapid sorbent regeneration in turbulent fluidized bed reactors. The effects of key operational factors are investigated at reactor pressures of 1 bar to 5 bars, including reactor temperature, CaCO3/total gas molar feed ratio, and sorbent residence time. The results are compared to those for conventional steam calciners, demonstrating the potential for superior performance of this novel sorbent regeneration technology under certain circumstances. A simple, but effective, design methodology is then suggested to determine the proper range of operating conditions and/or reactor dimensions for limestone calcination using this process. 相似文献
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Qi Zhang Dong Peng Sai Zhang Qian Ye Yongqiang Wu Yanhui Ni 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2017,63(6):2153-2164
The absorption behaviors of Li4SiO4 sorbent under various CO2 partial pressures and temperatures were investigated through numerical and experimental methods. It was found that Li4SiO4 showed poor absorption capacity at high temperatures (>525°C) under CO2 partial pressure of 5066 Pa. This phenomenon was explained by the thermodynamic results from FactSage5.5 software. Meanwhile, a modified Jander‐Zhang model based on the double‐shell structure of the Li4SiO4 sorbent was developed to describe the absorption kinetic behaviors of CO2 on Li4SiO4. The results showed that the modified Jander‐Zhang model could fit the kinetic experimental data well. Furthermore, the influence of steam on CO2 absorption was also analyzed by the modified Jander‐Zhang model. The results showed that the activation energy in the absorption process with steam was smaller than that without steam, which indicated that the presence of steam could promote the CO2 diffusion in product layer, therefore, improving the sorption capacity. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 2153–2164, 2017 相似文献
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研究了纳米CaO含量对CO2吸附剂微观结构和吸附性能的影响。以纳米CaCO3和铝溶胶为前驱体配制混合浆料,采用挤条方法制备CaO含量为6%～100%的CO2吸附剂颗粒,微观结构性能测试结果表明:CaO含量从6%提高到46%,比表面积从151.3 m2.g.1下降到8.1 m2.g.1,孔容从0.41 cm3.g.1下降到0.07 cm3.g.1,孔径从6.05 nm提高到12.39 nm。提高到CaO含量46%以上,吸附剂比表面积和孔结构没有变化,接近纯纳米CaO。当CaO含量超过27%后,氧化铝呈非晶形。吸附性能测试结果表明:随着CaO含量从12%提高到83%,吸附容量从1.02 mol CO2.kg.1增加到7.05 mol CO2.kg.1,吸附速率提高。研究结果还表明:CaO含量对纳米CaO基CO2吸附剂的微观结构和吸附性能的影响呈非线性关系。与纯CaO相比,加入少量氧化铝能提高吸附剂对CO2的吸附容量稳定性和吸附速率。 相似文献
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B. Arias J. M. Cordero M. Alonso J. C. Abanades 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2012,58(7):2262-2269
Calcium looping is an energy‐efficient CO2 capture technology that uses CaO as a regenerable sorbent. One of the advantages of Ca‐looping compared with other postcombustion technologies is the possibility of operating with flue gases that have a high SO2 content. However, experimental information on sulfation reaction rates of cycled particles in the conditions typical of a carbonator reactor is scarce. This work aims to define a semiempirical sulfation reaction model at particle level suitable for such reaction conditions. The pore blocking mechanism typically observed during the sulfation reaction of fresh calcined limestones is not observed in the case of highly cycled sorbents (N > 20) and the low values of sulfation conversion characteristic of the sorbent in the Ca‐looping system. The random pore model is able to predict reasonably well, the CaO conversion to CaSO4 taking into account the evolution of the pore structure during the calcination/carbonation cycles. The intrinsic reaction parameters derived for chemical and diffusion controlled regimes are in agreement with those found in the literature for sulfation in other systems. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical EngineersAIChE J, 2012 相似文献
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蒸汽活化钙基吸收剂联合脱碳脱硫特性 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
利用管式炉（TF）、蒸汽发生器和热重分析仪（TGA）研究了钙基吸收剂联合脱碳脱硫以及水合特性,并通过N2吸附实验对不同烧结程度以及水合前后样品的孔隙结构进行了测量。结果表明,无水合时,40次碳化循环后的样品碳化活性降至18%,但仍具有44%的硫化活性,比新鲜剂仅低4%,说明脱碳失效剂仍是良好的脱硫剂。碳循环失效剂经蒸汽活化后其碳化活性可提高至68%左右,且具有与新鲜剂类似的活性下降规律。每两次碳化循环后进行一次蒸汽活化,可使样品保持65%的平均转化率。蒸汽活化后吸收剂硫化率可提高至80%,远高于新鲜剂,由电镜扫描实验发现这是由于水合时颗粒产生了大的裂缝和破碎,提供了大量产物可自由生长的外表面积。不考虑颗粒磨损,利用钙基吸收剂先循环脱碳再蒸汽活化最后脱硫是一项联合脱除烟气中CO2和SO2的新方法。 相似文献
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Juan Carlos Abanades 《Chemical engineering journal (Lausanne, Switzerland : 1996)》2002,90(3):836-306
The use of natural calcium carbonates as regenerable CO2 sorbents in industrial processes is limited by the rapid decay of the carbonation conversion with the number of cycles carbonation/calcination. However, new processes are emerging to capture CO2 using these cycles, that can take advantage of the intrinsic benefits of high temperature separations in energy systems. This work presents an analysis of a general carbonation/calcination cycle to capture CO2, incorporating a fresh feed of sorbent to compensate for the decay in activity during sorbent re-cycling. A general design equation for the maximum CO2 capture efficiency is obtained by incorporating to the cycle mass balances a simple but realistic equation to estimate the decay in sorbent activity with the number of cycles. 相似文献
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有机多孔聚合物（porous organic polymers,POPs）是一类由有机构建单元连接而形成的新型多孔材料。由于其优异的物理化学稳定性以及CO2吸附能力,近年来有关POPs在CO2捕集和分离的研究成为一大研究热点。大量具有优异孔性质（比表面积和孔容）的POPs通过不同有机合成反应被成功地开发出来应用于CO2吸附分离过程。本文介绍了POPs材料的CO2捕集与分离性能的研究现状,总结了提高POPs材料CO2分离性能的合成策略,重点分析了可以通过功能化增强吸附剂与二氧化碳分子之间的相互作用,来提高材料的CO2分离能力的方法。 相似文献
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Mesut Akgün Sennur Deniz Nil Baran Nimet I Uzun Nalan A Akgün Salih Diner 《Polymer International》2005,54(2):374-380
Polydimethylsiloxane‐block‐polystyrene‐block‐polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS‐b‐PS‐b‐PDMS) was synthesized by the radical polymerization of styrene using a polydimethylsiloxane‐based macroazoinitiator (PDMS MAI) in supercritical CO2. PDMS MAI was synthesized by reacting hydroxy‐terminated PDMS and 4,4′‐azobis(4‐cyanopentanoyl chloride) (ACPC) having a thermodegradable azo‐linkage at room temperature. The polymerization of styrene initiated by PDMS MAI was investigated in a batch system using supercritical CO2 as the reaction medium. PDMS MAI was found to behave as a polyazoinitiator for radical block copolymerization of styrene, but not as a surfactant. The response surface methodology was used to design the experiments. The parameters used were pressure, temperature, PDMS MAI concentration and reaction time. These parameters were investigated at three levels (?1, 0 and 1). The dependent variable was taken as the polymerization yield of styrene. PDMS MAI and PDMS‐b‐PS‐b‐PDMS copolymers obtained were characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy. The number‐ and weight‐average molecular weights of block copolymers were determined by gel permeation chromatography. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Huixia Luo Heqing Jiang Konstantin Efimov Jürgen Caro Haihui Wang 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2011,57(10):2738-2745
A CO2‐stable dual phase membrane of the composition 40 wt % NiFe2O4‐60 wt % Ce0.9Gd0.1O2‐δ (40NFO‐60CGO) was synthesized in three different ways: mixing of the starting powders (1) in a mortar and (2) in a ball‐mill as well as by (3) direct in situ one‐pot sol–gel powder synthesis. Backscattered scanning electron microscopy revealed that the direct one‐pot synthesis of 40NFO‐60CGO gives the smallest grains in a homogeneous distribution, compared with powder homogenization in the mortar or the ball‐mill. The smaller is the grains, the higher is the oxygen permeability. The permeation of the membrane can be improved by coating a porous La0.6Sr0.4CoO3‐δ (LSC) layer on the surface of the air side. The dual phase membrane of 40NFO‐60CGO prepared by in situ synthesis shows a steady oxygen flux of 0.30 ml/(min cm2) over more than 100 h when pure CO2 was used as sweep gas, which indicated that the dual phases membrane is CO2‐resistant at least over this 5 days testing period. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011 相似文献
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Sidra Saqib Sikander Rafiq Muhammad Chawla Muhammad Saeed Nawshad Muhammad Shahzad Khurram Khaliq Majeed Asim Laeeq Khan Moinuddin Ghauri Farrukh Jamil Muhammad Aslam 《化学工程与技术》2019,42(1):30-44
CO2 emission from anthropogenic sources has raised worldwide environmental concerns and hence proficient energy paradigm has tilted towards CO2 capture. Membrane technology is one of the efficient technologies for CO2 separation since it is environmentally friendly, inexpensive, and offers high surface areas. Various approaches are discussed to improve membrane performance focusing mainly on permeability and selectivity parameters. Different types of fillers are incorporated to reach the Robeson's upper bound curve. In this review, polymer‐inorganic nanocomposite membranes for the separation of CO2, CH4, and N2 from various gas mixtures are comprehensively discussed. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and ionic liquid (ILs) mixed‐matrix membranes are also considered. 相似文献