一种宽频带复合天线设计

针对多系统载体天线数量多的问题,提出了一种基于印刷振子结构的宽频带共口径复合天线设计方法;通过两种不同形式的印刷偶极子进行共口径设计：采用平面印刷偶极子结构完成宽带高增益线极化天线,通过宽带定向耦合器实现了天线和差方向图辐射;采用十字印刷偶极子实现低增益天线的圆极化辐射;两种天线单元印刷在同一微波介质上,通过优化天线单元布局,相对位置关系和增加金属隔离环等措施,降低天线之间的相互影响,实现共口径复合天线性能满足工程应用要求;加工了天线样机,测试结果表明线极化天线在工作频带1.2～1.8 GHz范围内和差通道电压驻波比小于1.8,和通道增益大于13.5 dBi,方位差波束零值深度小于-25 dB,圆极化天线在工作频带1.2～1.8 GHz范围内电压驻波比小于1.6,增益大于6.5 dBi,轴比小于2.5 dB,与计算结果基本一致;复合天线可以满足多种无线通信系统的需求,减少了天线数量,有效节省载体平台空间,同时具有结构简单紧凑、剖面低、易于工程实现等特点,具有广阔的应用前景。     

一种频率可重构圆极化微带天线的设计

提出了一种新型频率可重构圆极化微带贴片天线的设计。采用一种方环形贴片结构,在贴片对称缝隙中添加4个RF MEMS开关,通过调节开关的通断来实现对天线频率的可重构。同时天线采用4馈点馈电来实现右旋圆极化波,并利用仿真软件HFSS 13.0对天线特性进行了仿真验证。仿真结果表明,在开关断开时,天线可接收GPS L1、GLONASS L1和BDS B1信号,在开关闭合时,天线可接收BDS B3信号,且天线的回波损耗和轴比都能满足要求。     

具有可重构特性的陷波超宽带天线设计与研究

提出了一种具有陷波及可重构特性的超宽带天线。天线采用在辐射贴片上引入开口圆环和在馈线上开倒U形槽的结构实现双陷波特性。采用在陷波结构中加入PIN二极管开关的方法实现陷波可重构特性,通过切换开关的断开与闭合,分别实现无陷波、单陷波和双陷波特性,进一步提高了超宽带频段的利用率。天线的体积仅为31 mm×24 mm×1.5 mm,结构紧凑。工作频带为2.8～3.2 GHz,4.0～5.0 GHz和6.0～12 GHz,实现了在3.2～4.0 GHz以及5.0～6.0 GHz两个频带的陷波特性,有效阻隔了WIMAX通信频段(3.3～3.6 GHz)、WLAN频段(5.150～5.285 GHz)的干扰。其他工作频段内,该天线具有较好的辐射特性,更适合应用在超宽带系统之中。     

一种全向圆极化天线设计

提出了一种基于四臂螺旋结构的新型全向圆极化天线设计方法。通过调整螺旋结构的螺距和直径实现天线的全向圆极化辐射,应用具有移相功能的微带功分器实现螺旋线馈电。对天线的各设计参数进行了分析和优化设计,加工了天线样机,实测结果与计算结果基本一致,在2.05GHz～2.2GHz频率范围内具有良好的全向圆极化辐射特性。     

基于缝隙耦合的微带天线设计

能够同时适用于射频识别、全球微波无线互联网和无线局域网这几大主流物联网通信技术标准的宽频天线的设计要求越来越高,比如体积小、成本低等,而微带天线体积小、剖面低且可集成化程度高,适合大批量生产,但其频带较窄,使用范围受到限制。为此,提出了一种紧凑型宽频带微带贴片天线。该天线引入了L型缝隙和三角形缝隙,仿真结果表明,天线-10 dB阻抗带宽可达到100%,其工作频带为1. 5 GHz～4. 3 GHz;轴比带宽为3. 4 GHz～3. 8 GHz,圆极化带宽为11%;在该范围内的增益都在3 dB以上;整个工作频带范围内都实现了宽频带、高增益等特性,适用于射频识别、蓝牙、WLAN等频段。     

双频段环境射频能量采集系统的设计

提出了一个基于GSM-1800和WiFi频段的环境射频能量采集系统。该系统由双频圆极化天线、双频整流电路和负载组成。圆极化天线的阻抗带宽为1 GHz～2.6 GHz,轴比带宽为1.78 GHz～1.96 GHz和2.37 GHz～2.59 GHz。设计的双频整流器在1.825 GHz单频输入10 dBm的情况下,RF-DC最高效率为44%。在2.45 GHz输入功率为8 dBm情况下,RF-DC最高效率为49%。在双频输入功率为7.5 dBm时的最大RF-DC转换效率为53%,直流电压为1.73 V。将设计的双频带能量采集系统放在路由器和被拨打的手机附近,可点亮一个LED灯实现其能量采集功能。     

基于石墨烯材料的太赫兹波段频率可重构八木天线

传统天线中使用电子开关或PIN二极管开关等方式实现天线可重构功能,但是在太赫兹波段上会面临切换速度慢,偏置电路复杂等问题。石墨烯具有优异的电磁性能,可运用于太赫兹可重构天线中。根据石墨烯表面电导率模型,研究其电导率随频率、化学势的变化关系,证明了石墨烯在可重构天线设计中的可行性。设计了一款太赫兹波段石墨烯频率可重构八木天线,通过改变石墨烯贴片偏置电压改变石墨烯化学势,从而改变天线的工作模式。在HFSS软件中进行仿真优化,天线具有300GHz和500GHz两种频率的工作模式,最大增益分别达到9.29dB和10.28dB,表现出良好的辐射特性。     

用于认知无线电系统的陷波可重构超宽带天线

提出了一种可应用于认知无线电系统的新型陷波可重构超宽带缝隙天线,以改进矩形单极子天线为基本模型,采用切角的矩形地板,实现了2.9～12 GHz的超宽带特性。在改进的矩形辐射片上蚀刻由倒U形和H形组成的对称折叠槽,实现了陷波特性。通过切换3个PIN二极管的状态来改变折叠槽的形状和有效长度,实现了3个频段陷波可重构功能。该天线结构紧凑,便于加工制作,在认知无线电系统中有潜在应用价值。仿真和实测结果表明,该天线具有良好的辐射特性,在WiMAX (3.4～3.9 GHz)、WLAN (4.6～6.0 GHz)和X波段卫星通信(6.5～8.2 GHz)下行链路范围内具有3个可重构的频带陷波功能。     

一种宽频带单臂螺旋天线的设计

设计一种带反射腔的宽频带单臂螺旋天线,在反射系数S11<-10 dB标准下,频带范围为0.686GHz-3.15 GHz,天线结构尺寸为半径59.5 mm,厚度3.2 mm。相比于传统的平面螺旋天线,该天线结构紧凑、不需要巴伦、加工制作简单方便,适合于有宽频带圆极化应用需求的电子设备。     

星载L波段宽带高增益圆极化微带天线设计

针对卫星L波段通信转发系统的要求,设计了一种新型星载L波段宽带高增益圆极化微带天线.微带天线整体采用侧馈的馈电方式,采用H型缝隙耦合馈电方式以实现宽频带,采用威尔金森移相功分器实现两信号间相位差来满足圆极化,增加天线背部反射板和板间泡沫层以提高增益并稳固结构.通过电磁仿真软件分析可得:在中心频点1.45 GHz处增益为...     

Dual‐band CPW fed MIMO antenna with polarization diversity and improved gain

A dual‐band MIMO slot antenna with polarization diversity and improved gain is proposed in this article. The antenna is composed of two C‐type back‐to‐back connected slot resonators and offers resonances at 3.5 and 5.2 GHz. This antenna element is further used to design a MIMO antenna. By introducing one U‐shaped slot between two antenna elements, isolation between the ports of this MIMO antenna is improved further. Finally, an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) is placed below the MIMO antenna to enhance its gain. Gain enhancement of 1.5 and 2.2 dB is achieved at lower and upper band, respectively. S‐parameters, radiation patterns, gain, envelope correlation coefficient, and channel capacity loss are investigated to conclude about its performances in MIMO applications. Dual band dual polarization (circular and linear), improved isolation, polarization diversity (right‐hand circular polarization and left‐hand circular polarization), gain enhancement all are presented in a simple design represents the novelty of the proposed MIMO antenna.     

Novel dual‐band asymmetric U‐shaped slot antenna for dual‐circular polarization

A novel dual‐band, dual‐circularly polarized antenna is proposed and fabricated. The proposed antenna consists of an asymmetric U‐shaped slot and an inverted L‐shaped slot which are designed to excite two orthogonal E vectors with equal amplitude and 90° phase difference (PD), in addition, fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) Furthermore, a left‐hand circular polarization in the direction of z > 0 and a right‐hand circular polarization instead of the opposite direction both at the lower and upper bands are exhibited by the radiations of the antenna. Good agreement is achieved between the measurement and simulation, which indicates that a 10‐dB bandwidth of 38.75% from 2.56 to 3.8 GHz and 21.8% from 10.01 to 12.53 GHz, while a 3‐dB axial‐ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of 13.4% from 2.77 to 3.2 GHz and 9.23% from 10.25 to 11.25 GHz at two operation bands, respectively, are covered in the designed antenna. To explain the mechanism of dual‐band dual‐circular polarization, the analysis of magnetic fields distributions and a parametric study of the design are given. Meanwhile, compared to other recent works, a single layer structure, wider axial ratio and impedance bandwidths and a more compact size are the key features of the proposed antenna.     

A broadband circularly polarized slot antenna with a compact microstrip to CPW transition

A simple structure of broadband circularly polarized slot antenna based on coplanar waveguide (CPW) feeding is proposed in this article. To obtain circular polarization with a single feed, a transition from microstrip to CPW is designed to excite the even and odd modes of the CPW simultaneously. By adjusting the relative position and dimensions of the two circular patches introduced at the end of microstrip line and CPW, a 90° phase difference between two modes can be produced. When the two modes are coupled into the wide slot antenna, broadband circular polarization operation can be realized. The 10‐dB reflection coefficient bandwidth of the proposed antenna is 88.2% (2.49‐6.42 GHz) and 3‐dB AR bandwidth attains 50% (2.72‐4.49 GHz).     

A polarization reconfigurable CPW fed monopole antenna with L‐shaped parasitic element

A coplanar waveguide fed polarization reconfigurable monopole antenna is proposed in this letter. The proposed antenna consists of L‐shaped stubs placed on either side of a monopole, two p‐i‐n diodes and a slot in the ground plane. In the proposed antenna structure, the switching element is not directly connected to the feed line. Depending on the switching state of the p‐i‐n diodes, the antenna either radiates left/right circular polarization or linear polarization. To validate the proposed design, the antenna was fabricated and its performance was measured. Since the ground plane is electrically small, the effect of the cable and SMA connector on the performance of the antenna is also investigated. The measured impedance bandwidth is 66.78% (3.67 GHz to 7.35 GHz) and the axial ratio bandwidth is 13.62% (4.24‐4.86 GHz) for circular polarization and 23.61% (3.81‐4.83 GHz) impedance bandwidth for linear polarization.     

A wideband circularly polarized slot antenna with antipodal strips for WLAN and C‐band applications

A single‐fed circularly polarized square shaped wide slot antenna with modified ground plane and microstrip feed has been presented. The field in the slot is perturbed by introducing an antipodal strips section attached with a microstrip line to produce circular polarization in a wide band of frequencies. The antipodal strip section consists of a group of four strips of unequal length and separation. The presence of asymmetric perturbations in the slot is mainly responsible for exciting two orthogonal modes in the slot having equal magnitude and 90° phase difference which results in circular polarization. A wide bandwidth of 3.3 GHz (4.4 GHz‐7.7 GHz) has been achieved for an axial ratio value AR < 3 dB with the minimum axial ratio value being 0.3 dB. The impedance bandwidth for |S₁₁| < ?10 dB ranges from 4.3 GHz to 8 GHz, and therefore covers most of the C‐band communication systems. The antenna exhibits stable radiation patterns throughout the circular polarization bandwidth with a gain around 6 dBi in entire operational bandwidth. A prototype of antenna was fabricated and measured. The antenna has a planar size 0.40λ₀ × 0.40λ₀ and thickness of 0.02λ₀ where λ₀ is the wavelength in free space at the lowest frequency. With its compact size and low profile, the antenna is a favorable choice for WLAN (5.15‐5.85 GHz) and a wide variety of C‐band wireless applications.     

A new broadband circularly polarized square‐slot antenna with low axial ratios

A new broadband circularly polarized (CP) square‐slot antenna with low axial ratios is proposed in this article. The antenna is comprised of an L‐shaped microstrip line with tapered section and a square‐slot ground plane with some stubs and slots, which are utilized as perturbations for the desirable antenna performance. By loading stubs and slots in the square‐slot ground plane, the 2‐dB axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) and 10‐dB return loss bandwidth for the presented antenna can be markedly improved. The measured results show that its 2‐dB ARBW is 4.2 GHz (54.2% from 5.65 GHz to 9.85 GHz) and its 10‐dB return loss bandwidth is about 8.9 GHz (92.7% from 5.15 GHz to 14.05 GHz). The proposed antenna features compact structure and broad 2‐AR bandwidth which could completely cover the WLAN (5.725‐5.85 GHz) band. Therefore, the proposed antenna is suitable for circular polarization applications in C band.     

Circularly polarized stacked patch antenna array with enhanced bandwidth for S‐band applications

In this article, a circularly polarized coupled slot 1 × 4 stacked patch antenna array with enhanced bandwidth is proposed for S‐band applications. Initially, a patch antenna radiating at 2.79 GHz is designed and maximum energy from feedline to patch element is coupled using two rectangular slots. Whereas, a parallel feedline structure is designed to provide polarization flexibility by creating 0, 90 , and 180^o phase differences. Then, a truncated patch element is vertically stacked in the design to achieve broader bandwidth of 600 MHz over frequency range from 2.4 to 3.0 GHz. Finally, a coupled slot 1 × 4 array stacked antenna array having feedline line structure to provide 90^o phase difference for circular polarization is designed and fabricated for measurements. It is observed that the final design achieved target specification having impedance matching (|S₁₁ | (dB) < ?10 dB over 2.4 to 3.0 GHz, broad band circular polarization, and 11.5 dBic total gain. Overall, a good agreement between simulated and measurement results is observed.     

Analysis of wideband circularly polarized ring slot antenna using characteristics mode for bandwidth enhancement

In this article, a coplanar waveguide fed ring slot antenna is proposed for the generation of circular polarization. It is shown that the bandwidth can be improved by adding a stub. Characteristics mode analysis is used to understand the wideband behavior and generation of circular polarization in different antenna configurations. Parametric analysis is used to optimize the performance of the antenna. The proposed antenna is fabricated and the measured results are compared with the simulated performance. The measured impedance bandwidth (|S₁₁| ≤ －10 dB) is 64.6% (2.25 GHz–4.4 GHz) and a 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth is 64.6% (2.25 GHz–4.4 GHz).     

CPW‐fed C‐shaped slot antenna for broadband circularly polarized radiation

A novel broadband circularly polarized (CP) C‐shaped slot antenna fed by a coplanar waveguide is presented. The broadband CP operation can be achieved simply using a C‐shaped slot in the ground to produce orthogonal surface currents for left‐hand circular polarization. Using the semicircle‐shaped radiator patch, wide impedance bandwidth and broad axial‐ratio (AR) bandwidth can be obtained simultaneously. The measured results show that the proposed antenna can provide a 10‐dB impedance bandwidth of 105% from 2.78 to 8.92 GHz, and a 3‐dB AR bandwidth of 70.4% from 2.9 to 6.05 GHz. Finally, an antenna prototype with a reflector for unidirectional pattern applications is also developed. The proposed antenna has broader impedance and CP bandwidths but with a more compact size compared with the previous designs. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 25:739–746, 2015.     

A polarization‐reconfigurable array design based on mode combination technique

This article reports a novel polarization‐reconfigurable antenna array using the technique of mode combination (MC). It can electronically alter its polarization states between left‐hand circular polarization mode, right‐hand circular polarization mode, and linear polarization (LP) mode. The antenna array consists of 2 × 2 microstrip antenna elements with one L‐slot on each square patch and two PIN diodes located in the slot region. Instead of degenerating circular polarization (CP) and LP modes by exciting different radiation parts of the antenna element, the LP one is combined by orthogonal CP modes generated by adjacent elements of the proposed antenna array. To verify the concept, a prototype is manufactured and tested. Experimental results show that the proposed antenna has an overlapped ?10 dB impedance bandwidth of around 11.2% for both CP modes and the LP one. The realized maximum gains are around 7.5 dB for the CP modes and 5.6 dB for the LP mode, which are satisfactory for wireless local area network in wireless communication systems.