CDMA通信中的空—时MRC和MMSE处理

本文针对两种不同的空－时数据结构,研究了直序扩频码分多址（DS－CDMA）通信中的最大比合并（MRC）和最小均方误差（MMSE）空0－时Rake滤波技术,分析了空－时数据结构对空－时MRC和MMSE Rake接收机完成性能的影响,并通过计算机对两种空－时数据结构空的空－时接收机的完成性能进行了比较。     

基于块空时分组编码DFT-S-OFDM虚拟MIMO传输方案

该文提出了一种基于块空时分组编码的DFT-S-OFDM上行链路虚拟MIMO传输方案,并给出一种低复杂度的虚拟MIMO系统接收机检测算法。仿真研究表明：基于块空时分组编码的DFT-S-OFDM虚拟MIMO传输方案可保持原DFT-S-OFDM系统低峰均比的特性,显著降低虚拟MIMO系统接收机检测门限,提高上行链路虚拟MIMO系统传输可靠性。     

空时分组编码的研究

文章首先研究了空时分组编码的编译码原理、特点和性能;然后对其性能进行了仿真,并分析了仿真结果。     

波束空时分组编码的ICA盲检测方案

理论研究已经证明,结合波束形成和空时分组编码的混合系统与传统的单纯使用波束发射或空时编码的方案相比具有很大的性能提高;传统的译码方案是借助接收端的信道估计来实现的,它需要知道准确的信道状态信息(CSI)。但如果信道估计不易实现,则系统性能将受很大影响。独立分量分析(ICA)作为一种经典的盲信号分离技术可以在不进行信道估计的情况下对发射信号实现有效检测。本文针对接收端的信号结构提出了一种基于ICA的正交检测方案;并通过仿真将新方案与传统方案进行了性能比较。仿真结果表明,新方案具有较好的系统适应性和误码率特性。     

空时分组编码技术在OFDM系统中的应用

介绍了空时分组编码，正交频分复用原理以及STBC—OFDM的一般系统模型。阐述了STBC—OFDM系统的性能和当前对STBC—OFDM技术研究取得的进展，最后时STBC—OFDM技术在未来移动通信中的研究方向做了前景展望。     

MIMO系统中的分组全分集全码率空时编码

针对未编码的多输入多输出（MIMO，Multi—Input Multi—Output）系统，提出一种复杂度适中的分组全分集全码率（GFDFR，Group—wise Full Diversity Full Rate）空时编码方案。该方案通过在发送端进行天线分组，各组独立编码，减小全分集全码率（FDFR，Full Diversity Full Rate）编码块的大小从而降低系统编解码复杂度；在频率选择性信道中，进一步对子载波分组进行独立编码，获得频率分集（或多径分集），以适中的复杂度在不降低系统分集度的情况下保证了信息的全码率传输，是一种在MIMO信道中极具实用价值的空时编码方案。     

一种空时分组码预编码的均衡算法研究

为了提高正交空时分组码的MIMO系统性能,提出了采用预编码的空时分组码信号检测方案,该方案在发射端将正交分组编码和预编码矩阵相结合,在接收端采用MMSE均衡译码算法。分析了最小均方误差(MMSE)均衡译码算法和最大似然(ML)译码算法,将此两种算法的性能与最大比值合并(MRC)的性能进行了仿真和比较。仿真结果表明,MMSE算法与ML算法性能相比在误比特率为10-5时有约0.5 dB的增益。     

空时编码OFDM系统中的一种简单信道估计算法

提出了一种适用于空时编码OFDM系统的简单信道估计算法。仿真结果表明:在2发2收空时编码 OFDM系统中该算法具有高的估计精度,且实现简单。     

基于空时分组编码的协同通信系统性能的研究

该文提出了一种基于空时分组编码的协同通信方案(WCC-STBC),通过理论分析得到了系统的误码率传输特性,并给出了Monte Carlo仿真结果。理论分析和仿真结果表明：WCC-STBC方案通过临近用户之间的空时协同发送可获得分集增益,增益的大小与协同信道及各用户信道的传输特性有关。在误比特率为10-3,两用户间协同信道的传输特性优于各用户(假设各用户传输特性相同)5dB时可获得约3dB的分集增益;一个用户信道的传输特性(假设其与两用户间协同信道传输特性相同)优于另一用户5dB时,信道传输特性较差的用户可获得约5dB的性能提升,且较好信道用户的性能损失并不大,仅约0.5dB。     

一种串行级联空时频分组编码方法

为了提高MIMO-OFDM系统中的空时频分组编码(STFBC)性能,本文提出了一种串行级联空时频分组编码(SCSTFBC)方法,该方法把卷积码作为外码、空时频分组码作为内码,通过交织器,连接内码和外码。仿真结果表明,本文建议的方法随着发收天线数的增加,其性能不断得到改善,在误比特率(BER)为10-3时,本文建议方法与空时频分组编码(STFBC)、空时频网格编码(STFTC)相比,其性能增益分别提高了6dB和8dB。     

空时分组编码多载波码分多址系统的直接解码

针对宏蜂窝小区中基站使用均匀线阵空时分组编码多载波码分多址系统的上行物理链路,该文提出了一种无需信道估计,直接对多个用户的发射符号和波达方向进行盲估计的算法。该算法通过构筑蕴涵用户编码符号序列和波达方向的辅助矩阵,对其进行特征分解,得到了每个用户波达方向的闭式解。进而,利用空时分组码的正交结构以及发射符号的有限码集特性给出了所有活动用户原始符号序列的闭式估计。计算机仿真实验验证了该算法的有效性。     

空时分组码MC-CDMA系统盲干扰抑制

该文考虑空时分组码多载波码分多址(MC-CDMA)系统的盲干扰抑制。通过研究多径信号频域码空间和数据矢量空间,采用噪声子空间技术进行盲信道估计。使用一种修改的ULV更新算法进行噪声子空间跟踪,该算法不需要相关矩阵的秩估计,直接估计噪声子空间。为了抑制多址干扰(MAI),提出一种基于投影的辅助矢量(PAV)算法,用前一级滤波矢量的输出重构最大比合并(MRC)滤波矢量,将重构滤波矢量到由基本滤波矢量和前几级辅助矢量张成子空间上的正交投影作为辅助矢量,将前一级滤波矢量和新产生辅助矢量线性合并得到新的滤波矢量。仿真结果验证了该文算法的有效性。     

Sensitivity of Carrier Frequency Offset and MAI in DAPSK-MC-CDMA Systems

A less complex system by integrating non-coherent differential amplitude and phase shift keying modulation with multi-carrier code division multiple access (DAPSK-MC-CDMA) is introduced. The proposed DAPSK-MC-CDMA system can reduce the system complexity and also maintain a good performance and high-spectral efficiency. The paper firstly shows that the performance degradation caused by the multiple access interference (MAI) and the carrier frequency offset can be effectively controlled in a DAPSK-MC-CDMA system. Simulation results illustrate that both the MAI and the carrier frequency offset in the DAPSK-MC-CDMA is much less sensitive than the conventional MC-CDMA system. Furthermore, using the DAPSK modulation, the detection methods of equal gain combining, maximum ratio combining, and minimum mean square error combining now can be used in the multiple-ary DAPSK-MC-CDMA system.     

Performance comparison of MRC and EGC on a MC-CDMA system with synchronization errors over fading channels

This work derives the average bit error rate (BER) of the uplink and downlink multicarrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) systems using maximum ratio combining (MRC) and equal gain combining (EGC) with synchronization errors over fading channels. The derived equation can simultaneously incorporate the parameters of the fading channel and all of the synchronization errors, including frequency offset, carrier phase jitter, and timing jitter. Numerical results indicate that those two combining schemes on the uplink and downlink MC-CDMA systems are degraded by all of the normalized synchronization errors over 10⁻². The comparison outcomes between MRC and EGC reveal that the MRC generally outperforms EGC in the uplink MC-CDMA system. However, EGC achieves better performance when the number of users is small, the normalized synchronization errors are low and the signal to noise ratio (SNR) is high. In the downlink system, EGC mainly outperforms MRC when the SNR and the number of users are gradually increased and the normalized synchronization errors are low. Therefore, the selection of MRC or EGC depends on the SNR, the synchronization errors and the number of users in uplink and downlink MC-CDMA systems.     

空时分组码MC-CDMA系统多用户检测

本文研究了在频率选择性瑞利衰落信道中工作于时分双工(TDD)模式的多载波码分多址(MC-CDMA)系统上行链路,在用户终端处使用两个发射天线,采用基于空时分组码的发射分集。考虑对应于子载波的衰落系数是信道冲激响应的离散傅里叶变换,给出了基于空时分组码的MC-CDMA系统上行链路信号模型。采用适用于同步CDMA系统的低代价Steiner估计器来进行基于空时分组码的MC-CDMA系统的信道估计,每个用户终端的两个发射天线各分配一个midamble。研究了基于空时分组码的MC-CDMA系统的解相关多用户检测、最小均方误差(MMSE)多用户检测,进行联合的多用户检测和空时码解码。仿真结果验证了上述模型及算法的有效性。     

一种改进的MC-CDMA系统ORC技术

基于对频率非选择性Rayleigh衰落信道中采用ORC(orthogonality restoring combining)技术的MC-CDMA系统误码率下边界的分析,提出了忽略最弱子载波(信道衰减系数最小的子载波)的改进ORC检测方案。仿真结果表明,该方案比传统ORC在性能上有很大提高,比较接近MMSEC技术;如果忽略过多的弱子载波反而会影响用户间扩频码的正交性,引起系统性能恶化。改进方案具有随子载波数线性增长的运算复杂度,是一种比较实用的MC-CDMA系统检测技术。     

MC-CDMA系统采用解相关-并行干扰抵消检测器的性能分析

该文分析了MCCDMA系统采用解相关-并行干扰抵消(DECPIC)多用户检测器的性能,把它与Hara提出的最小均方误差合并(MMSEC)单用户检测器在上行和下行信道加以比较.仿真结果显示下行信道应用MMSEC单用户检测性能较好,且能抵抗信道估计错误。而上行信道多用户检测器的性能也较好,但是多用户检测器会受较大的信道估计错误影响而性能降低.     

Downlink traffic control for multiple classes of services in MC-CDMA cellular systems

We consider the problem of downlink traffic control in Multi-code Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) systems, which support multiple classes of services with diverse QoS requirements. Prior solutions proposed for this problem have largely focused on call admission control at the connection level while neglecting the stochastic behavior of mobile subscribers and channel conditions. We quantitatively demonstrate that these statistical factors, in particular log-normal shadowing in propagation and voice activity factors, have a significant impact on the connection-level performance. Furthermore, we show that conventional data services can be best handled at the packet level as background transmissions by taking advantage of these statistical variations, which leads to significantly better utilization of the scarce wireless spectrum. The research was supported in part by grants from RGC under the contracts HKUST6104/04E and HKUST6165/05E, a grant from NSFC/RGC under the contract N_HKUST605/02, a grant from NSF China under the contract 60429202. Jihui Zhang’s work was partially supported by Microsoft fellowship. Jihui Zhang (S’02) received her B.S. degree from Fudan University, China in 2001, and the Ph.D. degree from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology in 2005, both in the Computer Science. Her research interests include CDMA cellular networks and wireless ad-hoc networks. Bo Li (S’89-M’92-SM’99) received his B. Eng. and M. Eng. degrees in the Computer Science from Tsinghua University, Beijing in 1987 and 1989, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in the Electrical and Computer Engineering from University of Massachusetts at Amherst in 1993. Between 1993 and 1996, he worked on high performance routers and ATM switches in IBM Networking System Division, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Since 1996, he has been with the Department of Computer Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, where he is now an associated professor and Co-Director for the ATM/IP Cooperate Research Center, a government sponsored research center. He also holds an adjunct researcher position at the Microsoft Research Asia (MSRA), Beijing, China, and adjunct professorship in several universities. His recent research interests are on adaptive video multicast, packet scheduling and dynamic routing in optical networks, resource management in mobile wireless systems, scheduling and energy efficient routing in ad hoc networks, across layer design for sensor networks, and content distribution and replication. He has published 150 papers and held several patents in above areas. He has been on editorial board for 16 journals, mainly in IEEE and ACM. He has been involved in organizing over 40 conferences, esp. IEEE Infocom since 1996. He was the Co-TPC Chair for IEEE Infocom 2004.     

一种满速率空时分组编码CDMA系统及多用户接收方案

通过引入满速率空时分组码方案, 该文给出一种满速率空时分组编码CDMA系统模型, 并针对现有空时编码CDMA系统过高的译码复杂度, 提出一种低复杂度的多用户接收方案。该方案在通过类似多用户检测方法有效抑制多用户干扰后, 充分利用空时分组码的复正交性来简化原有方案高译码复杂度。与原有指数性译码复杂度相比, 该方案有着线性复杂度, 而且与满分集空时分组编码CDMA系统相比, 可实现满速率、低复杂度和部分分集, 有着相对多的空间冗余信息, 从而级联信道编码后可有效弥补部分分集所带来的性能损失。仿真结果表明在相同系统容量和级联码的情况下, 所给系统比相应的满分集空时编码CDMA系统有着低的误比特率。     

多径信道下基于空时分组码的发送分集技术

文章在多径信道下,提出了一种基于RAKE接收机的空时分组编码(STBC)方案.该方案将空时分组编码(STBC)与RAKE接收机的多径叠加相干检测的方法相结合,从而可以在频率选择性衰落信道下采用多发射天线实现发送分集.此方案获得的分集增益与由采用相同数量接收天线的最大比接收合并(MRRC)方案得到的接收分集增益接近,能够较大地提高传榆系统的可靠性.