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991.
A dynamic pushdown network (DPN) is a set of pushdown systems (PDSs) where each process can dynamically create new instances of PDSs. DPNs are a natural model of multi-threaded programs with (possibly recursive) procedure calls and thread creation. Thus, it is important to have model checking algorithms for DPNs. We consider in this work model checking DPNs against single-indexed LTL and CTL properties of the form \({\bigwedge f_i}\) such that f i is a LTL/CTL formula over the PDS i. We consider the model checking problems w.r.t. simple valuations (i.e., whether a configuration satisfies an atomic proposition depends only on its control location) and w.r.t. regular valuations (i.e., the set of the configurations satisfying an atomic proposition is a regular set of configurations). We show that these model checking problems are decidable. We propose automata-based approaches for computing the set of configurations of a DPN that satisfy the corresponding single-indexed LTL/CTL formula. 相似文献
992.
Omar?N.?Al-BoeridiEmail author S.?M.?Syed Ahmad S.?P.?Koh 《Neural computing & applications》2015,26(6):1505-1513
An off-line handwriting recognition (OFHR) system is a computerized system that is capable of intelligently converting human handwritten data extracted from scanned paper documents into an equivalent text format. This paper studies a proposed OFHR for Malaysian bank cheques written in the Malay language. The proposed system comprised of three components, namely a character recognition system (CRS), a hybrid decision system and lexical word classification system. Two types of feature extraction techniques have been used in the system, namely statistical and geometrical. Experiments show that the statistical feature is reliable, accessible and offers results that are more accurate. The CRS in this system was implemented using two individual classifiers, namely an adaptive multilayer feed-forward back-propagation neural network and support vector machine. The results of this study are very promising and could generalize to the entire Malay lexical dictionary in future work toward scaled-up applications. 相似文献
993.
In this paper, novel, very simple and low-cost thin film position sensitive detectors (TFPSDs) which employ indium tin oxide (ITO)-cadmium sulfide (CdS)-Au structures are presented. Different from the existed PSDs those based on lateral photovoltage effect, the proposed sensor is operated in principle of photoconductive effect. CdS film is chosen as the photosensitive layer since its excellent photoconductive property, low cost and suitable for depositing on different type substrates with large areas. In the present study, CdS films are deposited on silicon substrates by using rf magnetron sputtering at room temperature. After that, the prepared CdS films were annealed at different temperatures for 50 min in N2 ambient and a rigorous analysis was presented on the surface topography, and photoconductive properties by scanning electron microscopy and semiconductor characteristics analyzer. The test results shows that the film annealed at 400 °C has the best photoconductive property. Moreover, the finite-element method was used to study the relationship between the Aluminium (Al) electrode shape and the linearity of PSD. Three different type PSDs (quadrilateral, rectangular-shaped and pillow-shaped) were designed and simulated. The simulation results indicate that the quadrilateral electrode is suitable for large-area PSDs, whereas the rectangular-shaped and pillow-shaped electrodes can be used to realize small-area PSDs. The measurement results shows that the non-linearities of three type PSDs with dimensions of 10 × 10 mm are respectively 2.106, 3.594, and 3.55 %, which verify the conclusion deduced from the simulation results. 相似文献
994.
This paper presents the design, fabrication and reliability testing of a double spiral platinum-based MEMS hotplate for gas sensing applications. The structure of MEMS hotplate consists of a 0.7 µm-thick thermally grown SiO2 membrane of size 120 µm × 120 µm over which a double spiral platinum resistor is laid out. The hotplate membrane is supported by its four arms connected to the Si-substrate. The design and simulation of the hotplate structure was carried out using MEMS-CAD Tool COVENTORWARE. Based on the design, a double spiral platinum resistor of 103 Ω is fabricated on SiO2 membrane using lift-off technique. The platinum deposition is carried out using DC sputtering technique. Bulk micromachining of Si is done from front side of the structure to create the suspended SiO2 membrane. The temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of platinum is measured and found to be 2.19 × 10?3/ °C. The TCR value is used for temperature estimation of the hotplate. The test results show that the microhotplate consumes only 20 mW power when heated up to 500 °C. For reliability testing of fabricated structure, the hotplate is continuously operated at 300 °C for 1.8 h. Also, it can sustain at least 61 cycles pulse-mode operation at 530 °C with ultra-low resistance and temperature drifts. The structure can sustain a maximum temperature and current of 611 °C and 11.55 mA respectively without any damage. 相似文献
995.
A new concept for the geometry of a curved beam bistable micromechanical mechanism is proposed aiming at producing a secondary equilibrium state that is more stable (in terms of transformation force) than the primary, stress-free, configuration. The proposed geometry is simple and compatible with common MEMS mass-production processes. A parametric study is performed by means of a non-linear finite-elements analysis in order to study the post-buckling behavior and performance of the mechanism. Based on this analysis, we show that it is theoretically possible to have a mechanism that exhibits a secondary equilibrium state that is more stable than the stress-free configuration. We also find that the post-buckling response of the proposed design is very sensitive to a particular geometrical feature. Besides this particular weakness, the mechanism is rather robust with respect to geometrical inaccuracies. We report our findings with the hope of inspiring others to propose new ideas for overcoming this geometrical sensitivity. 相似文献
996.
997.
针对沿海批发商品到全国各省会进行小量批发和零售的商户而言,统计货物每月每年销售情况、利润利率以指导进货的种类、数量和进货月份非常重要。设计一款基于SQL Server 2008R2数据库和VS2010平台下的托管C++编码的枕套经营管理软件。在满足以上需求的情况下,替代现有的记账方式,通过简单的操作选取参数结合软件内部提供的SQL查询语句或者向数据库请求执行的存储过程以提供丰富的查询功能,并把结果导出到Excel表格进行更直观的观察,该软件经过一年半的调试和使用之后显示出了对进货商和批发商双方良好的进货、销售指导作用。 相似文献
998.
用户击键行为作为一种生物特征,具有采集成本低、安全性高的特点。然而,现有的研究方法和实验环境都是基于实验室数据,并不适用于极度不平衡的真实数据。比如,在实验室数据上效果出色的分类算法在真实数据上却无法应用。针对此问题,提出了基于真实击键行为数据的用户识别算法。该方法将聚类算法和距离算法结合起来,通过比较新来的击键行为和历史击键行为相似度以实现用户识别。实验结果表明,该算法在100名用户的3015条真实击键记录组成的数据集上准确率达到88.22%,在投入实际应用后,随着样本集的增大算法的准确率还可以进一步提升。 相似文献
999.
在人脸识别领域应用张量奇异值分解( TSVD)来进行人脸特征的表示和提取,克服了过去的提取方法,如主成分分析法( PCA)等过于依赖拍摄条件的缺点。 TSVD将数据转换成三维线性模型,所以能避免二维线性方法中条件改变则精确度下降的问题,使得识别算法在变化的条件下获得了相对稳定的结果。在此基础上对算法进行了优化,利用矩阵分解,在不影响算法正确率的情况下,有效减少计算量,提高算法效率。基于Matlab对该算法进行了四组实验,并将结果与用PCA方法得到的结果对比,验证了该识别算法在变化条件下显著的正确性以及稳定性;同时,对优化的TSVD算法进行了实验验证,在数据量较大的情况下,该算法速度明显提高。 相似文献
1000.
针对直流电机驱动固定双桨的无人水面艇,介绍了一种自主直线路径跟踪系统,该系统由岸基监控系统和艇载控制系统组成,具有自主航行和遥控航行两种工作模式,可在自主航行出现危险时切换到遥控模式,保证航行安全。岸基监控系统通过数传电台与艇载控制系统通信,向艇载控制系统发送控制命令,接收并显示其传回的状态信息;艇载控制系统以工控机为主控单元,进行数据采集与解算,与岸基监控系统通信,并为直线路径跟踪控制算法提供程序接口;GPS双天线高精度测向定位系统为直线路径跟踪控制算法提供位置和航向信息,直线路径跟踪控制算法根据距离偏差和航向偏差计算出左右两侧电机电压,进而控制无人水面艇航行。实验分别采用了PID、模糊控制和模糊PID三种控制方法,系统实际水上实验表明,在风力2~3级,晴到多云天气条件下,无人水面艇对目标路径的最大跟踪误差小于0.6 m。 相似文献