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111.
On Ultra-Fine Leak Detection of Hermetic Wafer Level Packages 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Theoretical and practical ranges of leak rates measurable by the helium mass spectrometer are characterized. The effect of noise due to: 1) background helium present in the spectrometer and 2) desorption of helium that attaches itself to the specimen surface during bombing is quantified experimentally. The results guide a framework to extract the true leak rate from the measured leak rate profile. An optical interferometry based hermeticity measurement technique for ultra-fine leaks is proposed. The setup to implement the technique is described and a preliminary experimental result is reported. 相似文献
112.
Wei Li Zhang Wei Pan Bin Luo Xi Hua Zou Meng Yao Wang 《Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE》2008,20(9):712-714
A theoretical construction of one-to-many (OTM) and many-to-one (MTO) chaos synchronization communications using semiconductor lasers is presented. One center laser provides strong injections (strong link) to other side lasers, and the side lasers also provide weak injections (weak link) to the center one. Simulation results show that the side lasers synchronize with the center laser through injection-locking. In addition, messages transmitted via the strong links or the weak links experience strong chaos pass filtering, enabling us to realize OTM and MTO communications. 相似文献
113.
Bin Xie Shi X.Q. Han Ding 《Components and Packaging Technologies, IEEE Transactions on》2008,31(2):361-369
In an anisotropic conductive adhesive (ACA) assembly, the electrical conduction is usually achieved with the conductive particles between the bumps of integrated circuit (IC) and corresponding conductive tracks on the glass substrate. Fully understanding of the mechanical and electrical characteristics of ACA particles can help to optimize the assembly process and improve the reliability of ACA interconnection. Most conductive particles used in the ACA assembly are with cracks in the metal coating of the particles after the ACA bonding. This paper introduced the fracture analysis by applying the cohesive elements in the numerical model of the nickel-coated polymer particle and further simulating the cracks initiation and propagation in the nickel coating during the ACA bonding. The simulation results showed that the stress distribution on the nickel-coated particle with cracks was significantly different from that on the nickel-coated particle without crack, indicating that the stress analysis by taking the crack into consideration is very important for the reliability assessment of the ACA interconnection. The stress analysis of cohesive elements indicated that the cracks initiated at the central area of the nickel coating and propagated to the polar area. Furthermore, by the introduction of a new parameter of the virtual resistance, a mathematical model was established to describe the electrical characteristics of the nickel-coated particle with cracks. The particle resistance of the nickel-coated particle with cracks was found to be much higher than that of the particle without crack in the optimized bonding pressure range, indicating that it is necessary to take the crack into consideration for the particle conduction analysis as well. Therefore, the fracture analysis on the conductive particle by taking the crack into consideration could accurately evaluate the reliability of ACA interconnection and avoid serious reliability issues. 相似文献
114.
如今市场上大多数火灾报警系统的运行需要程序化的软件。随着软件技术的发展,消防行为已担心在安装的可靠性上可能下降。
如今的软件技术为火灾报警系统提供了更多灵活的和可操作的控制,安装维修系统的技艺更灵活更可操作控制需要更多的投资。但是这种灵活的和可操作的控制是需要成本的,还需要安装和维修系统的技术人员掌握一定的工程技巧。 相似文献
115.
Yue Rong Yingbo Hua Swami A. Swindlehurst A.L. 《Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on》2008,56(2):686-701
A space-time optimal power schedule for multiple distributed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) links without the knowledge of the instantaneous channel state information (CSI) at the transmitting nodes is proposed. A readily computable expression for the ergodic sum capacity of the MIMO links is derived. Based on this expression, which is a non-convex function of power allocation vectors, a projected gradient algorithm is developed to optimize the power allocation. For a symmetric set of MIMO links with independent identically distributed channels, it is observed that the space-time optimal power schedule reduces to a uniform isotropic power schedule when nominal interference is low, or to an orthogonal isotropic power schedule when nominal interference is high. Furthermore, the transition region between the latter two schedules is seen to be very sharp in terms of nominal interference-to-noise ratio (INR). For MIMO links with correlated channels, the corresponding space-time optimal power schedule is developed based on the knowledge of the channel correlation matrices. It is shown that the channel correlation has a great impact on the ergodic capacity and the optimality of different power scheduling approaches. 相似文献
116.
The effects of yttrium and cerium on microstructures and properties of Nb-Si system composites were investigated by scanning electron microscopy( SEM), energy dispersive spectrum(EDS), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and high temperature oxidation experiments.It is found that the coarse primary silicide phase became finer and more homogeneous with Y and Ce addition.The results of high temperature oxidation experiments show that the oxidation rates of NbSi system composites with an appropriate amount of Y and Ce decrease compared with those of alloys without Y or Ce addition, and oxidation products mainly distribute along the phase boundaries between the Nb solid solution and silicide. 相似文献
117.
塔顶放大器在移动通信领域有较为广泛的应用,它通过降低(改善)等效接收噪声系数,从而提高上行接收灵敏度。本文将简要介绍塔顶放大器的应用和提高接收机灵敏度的计算。 相似文献
118.
119.
通过对国内外大量石油套管螺纹参数的测量和全尺寸的模拟试验,以及对测量和试验数据的理论分析,找出了影响国产套管发生粘扣的原因,并在实际生产中实施验证。采取相应的措施改善了套管的抗粘结性能,同时套管的密封和抗滑脱性能并未下降。 相似文献
120.
Y.-Y. Won H.-C. Kwon S.-K. Han 《Optoelectronics, IET》2007,1(2):61-64
A new scheme for reducing optical beat interference (OBI) noise in optical network units is proposed for subcarrier multiplexing-based access network applications. The optical spectrum of the transmit lasers is broadened by using a radio frequency (RF) clipping tone with a modulation depth greater than one. This reduces the impact of the OBI noise. The distortions caused by an RF clipping tone are also suppressed by introducing a gain-saturated reflective optical amplifier, which shows the characteristics of high-pass filter. The proposed scheme has been verified by measuring the error vector magnitude of 16QAM signal with 20 Mbps. Error-free transmission has been achieved even when the light of OBI-noise-causing lasers is stronger than that of the signal laser by 7 dB 相似文献