Improving the fatigue performance of longitudinal welded joints by low transformation temperature electrodes

0　IntroductionAfatigueisoneofthemainfailurescausesofweldedstructures.Manyexperimentshaveshownthatfatiguestrengthsofweldedjointsaremuchlowerthanthoseofbasemetal.Thefatiguecrackmainlyinitiatesatweldtoe ,becausetherearetensileresidualstressesandstressconcentrationinthisregion ,sothatthefatiguestrengthcanbeincreasedbybothmodifyingstressdistributionatweldtoeanddecreasingstressconcentration .Therearemanymethodstoimprovethefatiguestrengthsofweldedjoints[1,2 ] ,forexample ,TIGdress ing,hammerpeenin…     

水陆装甲车车体锈层分析

采用x射线衍射、SEM和EPMA等方法对服役20年～30年 水陆装甲车车体锈层进行了研究，研究表明：锈层中含有Cl-，锈层主要由α-FeOOH、β-FeOOH、γ-FeOOH、γ-Fe2O3、Fe3O4以及α-Fe等相组成，同时还残留有极少量的绿锈GR*(I).结合水陆装甲车的使用环境(海水、淡水，干湿交替)，对锈层各相的成因进行了分析.内锈层致密，大蚀坑下有小蚀坑，锈层中包含有呈小岛状弥散分布的Fe基体，均匀腐蚀与局部点蚀共同造成了材料的腐蚀破坏.     

等离子体熔融钛与羟基磷灰石混合粉颗粒的形态和相组成

利用等离子喷涂设备将Ti与羟基磷灰石（HA）的混合粉末喷射入水，采用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪研究了Ti HA入水颗粒的形态和相组成，结果表明，经等离子熔融喷射入水后，钛粒子的尺寸小于HA粒子，主要原因之一是HA内形成了空心结构，空心结构的形成是由于HA在熔融时生成气相P2O5和H2O，它们在颗粒内聚集形成气泡，入水Ti HA粒子主要是由晶相和非晶相HA，分角相磷酸三钙（TCP）和磷酸四钙（TTCP）以及Ti的化合物所组成，由于与Ti的混合，HA的分解加剧，而Ti与HA粒子的融合及元素的扩散在飞行过程中已经发生。     

(Short communication) Degradation of corrosion resistance of Zircaloy-4 in LiOH aqueous solution

To investigate the degradation of corrosion resistance of Zircaloy-4 in LiOH aqueous solution, SIMS (secondary ion mass spectrometry) analysis was performed to examine the profiles of Li~ , K~ , and OH~- in oxide layers formed in the same concentration (0.1 mol/L) LiOH and KOH solutions. Even though the oxide layers have an equal thickness, the penetration depth of K~ is shallower than that of Li~ , and the penetration depth of OH~- corroded in KOH solution is also shallower than that corroded in LiOH solution. It shows that the diffusion of OH~- into oxide layer is accompanied by the corresponding cation. The difference of degradation effect of LiOH and KOH solutions on the corrosion resistance of Zircaloy-4 was discussed.     

NEW METHODS FOR CALCULATING ACTIVITIES OF COMPONENTS FROM PHASE DIAGRAMS IN BINARY PERITECTIC SYSTEMS

ＮＥＷＭＥＴＨＯＤＳＦＯＲＣＡＬＣＵＬＡＴＩＮＧＡＣＴＩＶＩＴＩＥＳＯＦＣＯＭＰＯＮＥＮＴＳＦＲＯＭＰＨＡＳＥＤＩＡＧＲＡＭＳＩＮＢＩＮＡＲＹＰＥＲＩＴＥＣＴＩＣＳＹＳＴＥＭＳ①ＺｈａｎｇＹｏｎｇｊｕｎＨｕｎａｎＳｕｐｅｒｉｏｒＴｅｃｈＭａｔｅｒｉ...     

金属快速凝固的非平衡超急速传热模型

运用非Fourier传热理论建立了金属快速凝固过程中的非平衡传热理论模型，包括非Fourier方程的建立、传热与相变模拟，模拟计算表明：（1）在溅射激冷条件下，界面换热系数越大，界面冷却速度和移动速度也越高。在界面换热系数相同时，计算得到的界面冷却速度随着固－液界面高度的提高呈现先上升而后下降的变化趋势；计算得到的冷却速度值明显小于Fourier定律的计算值。（2）在激光加热条件下，计算的界面移动速度在凝固开始时先急剧增加，然后渐趋平稳，计算还表明，金属的过热及过冷度与其热物性相关。     

高能球磨形成具有明显玻璃转变的Ti50Cu20Ni24Si4B2非晶态合金

在高能球磨作用下，名义成分为Ti50Cu20Ni24Si4B2的元素粉末混合物可通过固态反应非晶化。差示扫描量热分析（DSC）表明，球磨获得的非晶相在发生晶化转变之前出现明显的玻璃转变。过冷液态温度区的宽度（ΔTx）可达到57K。非晶态Ti50Cu20Ni24Si4B2合金加热时的转变由一步完成。同时形成立方结构的（Ni,Cu)Ti相和其它未知相。为共晶型转变。随后发生晶化产物的进一步晶粒长大。非晶态Ti50Cu20Ni24Si4B2合金的约化玻璃转变温度（Trg)为0．56。     

Abnormal Austenite-Ferrite Transformation Behaviors of Fe-ISi: Dilatometric Measurements

WITH THE APPEASING of competition of the totaloutput of iron and steels, the new generation of ultrahigh strength steel, based on the lessen the burden ofenvironment, double improvement of mechanicalproperties and elongation of the serving life, has beenfully outspreaded in the world. More and more researchwork shows that the solid-state microstructureevolution becomes the most effective route in thedevelopment of ultra-high strength steels. A process ofgreat interest in the steel produc…     

304不锈钢在高温水中的应力腐蚀破裂SCIEI

采用U型弯曲法应力腐蚀破裂试验、电化学测量以及Auger电子能谱(AES)分析方法研究了温度、氯离子浓度和溶解氧含量在高温水中对304不锈钢的应力腐蚀破坏(SC)敏感性的影响及其与表面膜之间的关系。在空气饱和的高温水中(溶解氧为8ppm),随着温度的升高(200—300℃)或氯离子浓度的降低(500—20ppm)304钢SCC敏感性降低。文中还讨论了氧化膜在SCC萌生和扩展中的作用。