一种基于FCOS神经网络的小建筑物目标检测方法北大核心

提出了一种基于FCOS神经网络的小建筑物目标检测算法,针对FCOS模型在特征提取阶段提取到的小建筑物目标特征较少问题,引入多尺度检测和可变形卷积方式,加强网络对小建筑物目标的特征提取能力,并通过改进后的SGE注意力机制降低特征图中的干扰噪声权重。改进后的网络可以提取到更多的小建筑物目标特征,对环境干扰噪声的鲁棒性更强。在自己搭建的数据集上进行了实验测试,结果表明,在相同环境下网络改进后建筑物的整体检测准确率提升了1.7%,其中对小建筑物目标提升了3.6%,减少了小建筑物目标漏检、误检的问题。     

Young’s modulus evolution during heating,re-sintering and cooling of partially sintered alumina ceramics

The Young modulus of partially and fully sintered alumina ceramics, obtained by firing to different temperatures (range 1200–1600°C), has been determined via impulse excitation, and the evolution of Young’s modulus of partially sintered alumina with temperature has been monitored from room temperature to 1600°C. As expected, the room-temperature Young modulus of the partially sintered materials is lower than all theoretical predictions. With increasing temperature Young’s modulus decreases, until the original firing temperature is exceeded and sintering (densification) continues, resulting in a steep Young’s modulus increase. During heating and cooling the temperature dependence obeys a master curve for alumina, unless the temperature of the original firing is excessively low.     

Market distortions and aggregate productivity: Evidence from Chinese energy enterprises

Market distortions can generate resource misallocations across heterogeneous firms and reduce aggregate productivity. This paper measures market distortions and aggregate productivity growth in China's energy sector. We use the wedge between output elasticities and factor shares in revenues to recover a measure of firm-level market distortions. Using data on a large sample of Chinese energy enterprises from 1999 to 2007, our estimations provide strong evidence of the existence of both factor and product market distortions within and across China's various energy industries. The productivity aggregation and decomposition results demonstrate that the estimated aggregate productivity growth (APG) is, on average, 2.595% points per year, of which technological change, resource reallocation, and firm entries and exits account for 1.981, 0.068, and 0.546% points, respectively. The weak contributions of resource reallocation and firm turnover to APG are also found in energy sub-industries, except in the coal industry. Our research suggests that China's energy sector has major potential for productivity gains from resource reallocation through the reduction of market distortions.     

Key success factors for the launch of government social media platform: Identifying the formation mechanism of continuance intention

Social media has flourished recently, and government agencies across different levels are experimenting with launching government social media (GSM) to socialize government services, processes, and data. Both researchers and practitioners are focusing on understanding the key success factors related to the launch of GSM. This study aims to identify the key success factors by exploring the formation mechanism of individuals' continuous usage intention. Through the theoretical lens of the uses and gratifications theory (UGT), we identify the gratification factors (i.e., information seeking, social activity, content consumption, collective intelligence, and network externality) that stimulate users' continuance intention toward GSM. Furthermore, we draw upon the stimulus–organism–response (SOR) framework to develop a model for exploring the effects of gratification factors (as stimulus in the SOR framework) on individuals' online experiential states (i.e., flow experience and sense of belonging) and, subsequently, their continuance intention. The results of our survey of 336 government microblogging residents indicate that usage continuance intention is in part determined by gratification factors. Furthermore, the associations among gratification factors and users’ continuance intention can be mediated by the sense of belonging and flow experience.     

IEC 61850模型信息的规则表达与校验研究

IEC 61850信息模型一致性校验的核心问题是如何对模型信息的规则进行表达。通过对SCL Schema的分析后发现,Schema表达了SCL语言要素的基本语法结构,受限于Schema语言的特点,对不同语法层次上的信息间的约束表达较弱,无法用其来完整地表达IEC 61850模型规则。通过引入Schematron语言,分析其对SCL信息规则表达的规律,实现了IEC 61850模型信息的复杂约束条件的表达,提出将SCL Schema表达与Schematron语言的表达结合起来,对IEC 61850信息模型的规     

基于变量代换内点法的加权最小绝对值抗差状态估计

传统内点法加权最小绝对值(WLAV)抗差状态估计能够抑制坏数据影响,提高状态估计精度,但该方法模型复杂,计算效率低,限制了其工程应用价值。文中提出一种基于变量代换内点法的电力系统WLAV估计方法,该方法通过添加中间变量,将非线性量测方程分解为两步线性方程和两步非线性变换,并建立两步线性方程的WLAV估计数学模型。与传统内点法WLAV抗差状态估计相比,该方法无须形成海森矩阵,可有效提高迭代方程中系数矩阵的稀疏度,并减小矩阵的阶数,有效提高WLAV状态估计的计算速度。基于美国电气与电子工程师学会(IEEE)标准系统、波兰电网和国内某省网的仿真结果验证了所述方法的有效性,具有良好的工程应用前景。     

高维模型表达技术在N-1有功响应静态安全域中的应用

高维模型表达(HDMR)技术在描述系统输出量与多输入量之间关系方面具有独特性能,而电网潮流状态量与网络多个节点注入量间正好符合相关属性。基于此,将HDMR技术应用于N-1有功响应静态安全域问题:通过典型样本辨识关键支路潮流与电源和负荷功率间的HDMR关系,并在其他支路发生断线时,结合灵敏度和补偿法对已辨识HDMR关系进行修正,以避免针对新的拓扑耗费大量时间进行模型重建;针对直流潮流应用于静态安全域分析精度不高的问题,用支路潮流HDMR关系替代常规潮流方程,以提高分析效率和精度。在已知部分发电机有功功率变化范围的情况下,提出一种计算其他关注节点子集功率变化安全域的方法,可重点监视其功率变化后系统是否仍处于安全状态。算例表明,HDMR模型可以拟合潮流关系,并能够应用于静态安全域问题。     

基于电力调度工作流构建运行管理的互联互通框架

在智能电网调度控制系统整体框架下,以电力调度工作流作为流程描述规范,E语言文件作为数据交互载体,消息邮件作为数据交互工具,以调控运行管理需求为导向,设计研发运行管理系统的横纵向多级立体式互联互通框架。应用所述框架,实现调控机构纵向业务流程贯通和跨安全区的横向业务融合,从而实现业务流程完整的、闭环的一体化运作,并且实现与大检修管理系统的横向数据共享。     

基于点对点通信的分布式实时控制技术

对智能电网、清洁能源系统中存在的多种分布式系统进行了共性需求分析,针对分布式系统的工程技术特点,提出了一种基于点对点通信的新型分布式实时控制技术,通过点对点报文通信的方式实现了模拟量及开关量采集模块、出口控制模块和主处理器模块等环节的实时控制,满足了分布式系统对分散单元协同控制的工程应用需求。文中基于两种成熟的工业通信协议,针对两类分布式控制装置采用现场可编程逻辑门阵列(FPGA)对此技术进行了实现,并对装置进行了详细的测试与分析。两类典型装置已经在工程现场得到了试运行与推广,取得了良好的工程应用效果。