Performance of thermostatic and electronic valves controlling the compressor capacity

The performance of the energy consumption of an electronic valve and a classical thermostatic valve has been compared when these expansion valves are adopted in a vapour compression plant subjected to a cold store. The main aim is to verify experimentally which type of expansion valve would be preferable from energy point of view when a classical thermostat or a fuzzy logic algorithm are used as the control system for the refrigeration capacity. The fuzzy logic‐based control is able to modulate continuously the compressor speed through an inverter. The results show that with a fuzzy algorithm, the thermostatic expansion valve allows an energy saving of about 8% in comparison with the electronic valve. When on–off control is used, the electric energy consumption obtained both with the electronic valve and with the thermostatic valve is comparable. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种基于空间到达角的卫星电子侦察信号分选方法

在建立简化的卫星电子侦察空间模型的基础上，提出了一种利用空间到达角分选卫星电子侦察信号的新方法。通过仿真实验验证了这种方法的可行性。该方法可用于密集信号的预处理。     

ETR Ⅱ-30调速器液压控制系统

ETRⅠ-30调速器是瑞士爱舍维斯工厂生产的具有PID调节规律的电液调速器。本文对其液压控制系统作了较详细的介绍,供有关人员参考。     

电子表格EXCEL5.0在选煤线性规划问题中的应用

采用电子表格软件ＥＸＣＥＬ５．０可以方便地解决许多选煤生产中的线性规划问题。本文通过选煤过程线性规划实例介绍ＥＸＣＥＬ５．０在此领域的应用方法。     

Electronic data acquisition forms in construction management

Effective management of construction projects depends on good access to and control of data, especially data pertaining to cost and schedule control functions. However, the proper design and development of automated mechanisms have not had the facility to acquire and store quality data in a timely manner. The purpose of this paper, then, is to discuss a prototype, automated data acquisition system that was developed to support an integrated project management system. The data acquisition system is composed of an integrated set of electronic forms used in conjunction with a bar coding data-entry tool.     

Synthesis and characterisation of carboxylic acid and diphenylphosphine derivatives in the 1,3-diyne series: Spectral properties of polydiacetylene carboxylates

Symmetrically substituted 1,3-diynes containing hydroxyalkyl ( 1a-d ), bromoalkyl ( 1e-h ) (diphenylphosphinyl) ( 1i-k ) and carboxyalkyl ( 2a-d ) substituents have been prepared and characterised; the phosphine derivative ( 1k ) has been converted with alkyl iodides ( RI ; R = Me, Et) into bis(phosphonium) salts ( 1l and m ). During preparation of the diynedioic acid. ( 2a ), the non-centrosymmetrical diyne, HO₂CCH₂C?C—C?C(CH₂)₂OH ( 3 ), was also isolated. ⁶⁰Co γ-Irradiation of diacetylene monomers ( 2a – d ) and 10,12-tricosadiyn-1-oic acid gave the corresponding polydiacetylene derivatives ( 4a – d and 5 ), respectively. Rubidium salts of ( 4c ) and ( 4d ), a barium salt of ( 4c ), and a potassium salt of ( 5 ) were prepared and isolated; soluble potassium salts of the carboxylic acid polymers ( 4 ) were generated in aqueous solution. The effects of changes in pH on the UV/visible absorption spectra of aqueous solutions of selected carboxylic acid polydiacetylenes have been recorded, and are discussed.     

静态电子轨道衡组成部分解析及其合理选择

阐述静态电子轨道衡诸多优点;工作原理、允许误差及误差分配;轨道衡的结构组成部分、解析各部分的工作特性及技术指标要求;合理选配及推荐实例.     

基于电子鼻的香蕉储存时间鉴别方法研究

研究了一种基于电子鼻系统的香蕉储存时间鉴别方法。实验检测了不同储存时间的香蕉样品,主成分分析方法可以较好地区分不同储存时间的香蕉样品,同时检验了样品的微生物指标以探讨电子鼻响应与微生物指标之间的关系。随机共振信噪比谱不但可以区分香蕉样品,同时基于信噪比特征值建立的香蕉储存时间鉴别模型具有较高的预测准确率。该方法具有较好的实际应用价值。     

浅谈电子产品对儿童的影响及对策

在现代社会中,平板电脑、智能手机在人们日常生活的方方面面发挥着巨大的作用。通过分析电子产品在儿童和青少年的视力、身体发育、社交能力和学习能力等方面的负面影响,提出了加强亲子陪伴、合理引导控制等应对措施。     

Mechanosynthesis of complex oxides and preparation of mixed conducting nanocomposites for catalytic membrane reactors

Nanopowders of LaGaO₃- and LaMnO₃-based complex perovskites (P) and ceria-based fluorites (F) were prepared by mechanosynthesis. Compatible nanocomposites F + P and P + P with mixed ion and electron conducting (MIEC) properties were prepared and sintered at moderate temperatures up to dense ceramics. The obtained materials were studied by means of XRD, SEM, TEM, electrical conductivity measurements, temperature programmed (TP) reduction/oxidation and preliminary estimations of permeability were obtained. A new strategy based on the advantages of the mechanochemical ceramic approach is proposed to design multilayer ceramic membranes for CMR. Casting technology and one-step sintering were used for the production of thin film membranes with MIEC properties on porous substrates. The coarse fraction of as-milled powders from agglomerates with density 70% was used for the porous substrate, and fine fractions of aggregates with sizes <1 μm were used in preparation of composites for thin dense films. Ceria-based composites prepared by the Pechini route and/or mechanochemical method are proposed as materials for protecting thin films.