ZnFe2O4高温煤气脱硫剂的再生

在热天平上对自制的ZnFe2O4脱硫剂进行了再生工艺研究，考察了再生温度、O2浓度对ZnFe2O4脱硫剂再生性能的影响；进行了多次硫化、再生循环实验，并与加入玻璃粉的样品进行了比较。结果表明，700℃下氧含量2.0%(vol)时再生可以获得良好的再生率和二次硫化反应活性；玻璃粉的少量加入，会改善脱硫剂长期使用的稳定性，但反应活性有所下降。     

尿素装置液相浓度在线自动检测软件的研究

为了改善尿素装置先进的控制和落后的人工检测物料浓度之间的矛盾，运用化工热力学原理，以及热力学模型组合求解法，研制了液相浓度实时检测软件。并开发了多种软件以适应各类尿素流程（水溶液全循环法、ＣＯ２汽提法、氨汽提法）的需要     

天津爱普生有限公司油墨废水处理方案及运行情况

天津爱普生有限公司废水治理工程设计水量5t／d，废水浓度高，水质、水量变化大。采用水解酸化-生物接触氧化处理工艺对天津爱普生有限公司废水进行处理，进水CODCr，平均为2500mg／L左右，CODCr去除率≥90％，排水各项指标均符合国家污水综合排放标准GB8978-1996的二级排放要求。     

Alternative hydrocarbon solvents for cottonseed extraction

Hexane has been used for decades to extract edible oil from cottonseed. However, due to increased regulations affecting hexane because of the 1990 Clean Air Act and potential health risks, the oil-extraction industry urgently needs alternative hydrocarbon solvents to replace hexane. Five solvents,n-heptane, isohexane, neohexane, cyclohexane, and cylopentane, were compared with commercial hexane using a benchscale extractor. The extractions were done with a solvent to cottonseed flake ratio of 5.5 to 1 (w/w) and a miscella recycle flow rate of 36 mL/min/sq cm (9 gal/min/sq ft) at a temperature of 10 to 45°C below the boiling point of the solvent. After a 10-min single-stage extraction, commercial hexane removed 100% of the oil from the flakes at 55°C; heptane extracted 100% at 75°C and 95.9% at 55°C; isohexane extracted 93.1% at 45°C; while cyclopentane, cyclohexane, and neohexane removed 93.3, 89.4, and 89.6% at 35, 55, and 35°C, respectively. Each solvent removed gossypol from cottonseed flakes at a different rate, with cyclopentane being most and neohexane least effective. Based on the bench-scale extraction results and the availability of these candidate solvents, heptane and isohexane are the alternative hydrocarbon solvents most likely to replace hexane. Presented in part at the AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo, Atlanta, Georgia, May 1994.     

炭粒床高效工业除尘装置的设计与开发

The new dust removal technical route using the carbon-granular bed filter,packed of carbon particles with appropriate grade derive from an online-process vibration sieve,to replace the traditional baggy filter had been developed successfully for capturing the micro-carbon dusts produced from pulverization of petroleum coke,and the green close loop of carbon materials is thus completed in the combined pulverizing and classifying system and pulverized carbon dust removal process.The high dust removal efficiency greater than 99%,low outlet dust concentration less than 100 mg.m-3,low pressure drop through dust filtration chamber less than 980 Pa,simple and easy design,and flexible and stable operation were achieved also with the carbon-granular bed filter in both bench and industrial scale operations.     

利用ADCP回波强度估算河流悬移质含沙量的应用研究

通过简要介绍利用声学多普勒水流剖面仪(ADCP)回波强度估算悬移质含沙量的基本原理,结合梧州水文站的应用实例,利用ADCP的回波强度数据和现场采集的水样含沙量建立相关关系,根据相关关系由回波强度反演估算的水体悬移质含沙量验证了利用ADCP的回波强度估算悬移质含沙量的可行性。应用于梧州水文站的实践表明,左河道推算的系统误差为-0.1%,右河道推算的系统误差为1.5%。这种方法具有不扰动流场、测量剖面同步性较好、数据空间分辨率较高的优点,与传统的取样过滤称量法相比,计算效率显著提高。     

大面积水域浓度场测试方法及系统研究

针对大面积水域浓度场难以实现实时测量、测量精度不高等问题,采用了一种多通道荧光测试系统和方法。首先,基于单色光诱导荧光检测浓度(LIF)原理,使用探头获取离散点的浓度参数。然后,经总线或通信网络技术,将数百个测点连接起来。最后,通过数据总线或网络将采集的数据输送到中央测控计算机中,处理离散的数据后形成完整的浓度场。在恒定流浓度场中的试验结果表明,污染物测量相对误差均值不超过5%,单次测量相对误差最高值为8.33%,传感器线性度不超过5%,可检测的荧光素钠溶液浓度分辨率为0.001 ppm,系统测量稳定、精度较高。相较于其他浓度测量方法,该系统具有测量面积大、实时测量的优势,可为水污染防治等领域提供可靠的技术支撑。     

PARTICLE FLOW PATTERNS IN THE RISER AND DOWNER OF CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED

This paper presents an experimental study on the flow patterns of FCC particles in a 140 mm ID Circulating Fluidized Bed with concurrent upflow and downflow gas-solid suspension. Based on the distribution of local particle velocity and particle concentration measured by a Fiber-Optical Probe Laser Doppler Velocimeter and a Fiber Optical Probe System respectively, the different flow patterns of local particls concentration, local particle velocity, local particle fluctuating velocity and sectionally average particle velocity in concurrent upflow and downflow gas-solid system have been investigated. It is found that the particle flow in the concurrent downflow is much more uniform radially than that in the concurrent upflow riser. The investigation of flow patterns in different flow systems is of significance to the development of a new gas-solid reactor.     

臭氧氧化处理法对聚丙烯表面涂装性的改良 Ⅱ.臭氧浓度及臭氧发生气组成对聚丙烯表面氧化过程的影响

讨论了用臭氧氧化法对聚丙烯表面进行涂装性改良时,臭氧浓度和臭氧发生气组成对聚丙烯表面氧化过程的影响。我们发现,随臭氧浓度的增加,各种聚丙烯表面上COOH基的生成速率变大,而OH基的生成速率变小,且表面上COOH基和OH基的生成比变大。在相同的臭氧浓度下,COOH基的生成速率和聚丙烯种类无关,各种聚丙烯表面上COOH的生成速率大体相等。而OH基的生成速率及COOH基、OH基生成比和聚丙烯的种类有关,就COOH基和OH基生成比而言,其大小顺序为均聚物>嵌段共聚物>无规共聚物。臭氧发生气组成对聚丙烯表面氧化过程有很大的影响。和臭氧发生气为空气时的情况相比,当臭氧发生气为氧气时,即使其体系中臭氧浓度的变化很小,也会引起较大的表面氧吸收量或表面氧化分解量的变化。     

Surface activity of quaternary ammonium salts derived from jojoba oil

A number ofcis andtrans quatenary ammonium salts were synthesized from jojoba oil. All derivatives were found to be surface active agents, i.e., they reduced the surface tension to 35 dynes/cm⁻¹, at very low concentrations. The relationship between the surface activity and the molecular structure is discussed.