Innovation in construction: a sociology of technology approach

An alternative approach to understanding innovation is made using two intersecting ideas. The first is that successful innovation requires consideration of the social and organizational contexts in which it is located. The complex context of construction work is characterized by inter-organizational collaboration, a project-based approach and power distributed amongst collaborating organizations. The second is that innovations can be divided into two modes: 'bounded', where the implications of innovation are restricted within a single, coherent sphere of influence, and 'unbounded', where the effects of implementation spill over beyond this. Bounded innovations are adequately explained within the construction literature. However, less discussed are unbounded innovations, where many firms' collaboration is required for successful implementation, even though many innovations can be considered unbounded within construction's inter-organizational context. It is argued that unbounded innovations require an approach to understand and facilitate the interactions both within a range of actors and between the actors and technological artefacts. The insights from a sociology of technology approach can be applied to the multiplicity of negotiations and alignments that constitute the implementation of unbounded innovation. The utility of concepts from the sociology of technology, including 'system building' and 'heterogeneous engineering', is demonstrated by applying them to an empirical study of an unbounded innovation on a major construction project (the new terminal at Heathrow Airport, London, UK). This study suggests that 'system building' contains outcomes that are not only transformations of practices, processes and systems, but also the potential transformation of technologies themselves.     

铣制三元流叶轮时产生误差的原因分析及解决方法

对在五坐标数控加工中心上铣制三元流叶轮时出现的叶轮附面尺寸误差问题，进行了详细分析，并提出了问题的解决方法，有效地避免了加工中产生的超差。     

3-D MCM封装技术及其应用

介绍了超大规模集成电路（VLSI）用的3-D MCM封装技术的最新发展，重点介绍了3-D MCM封装垂直互连工艺，分析了3-D MCM封装技术的硅效率、复杂程度、热处理、互连密度、系统功率与速度等问题，并对3-D MCM封装的应用作了简要说明。     

注射成形粘结NdFeB磁体:工艺·性能·应用

综合介绍了几种适于注射成形粘结NdFeB磁体的磁粉制备方法及特点；讨论了粘结剂、改性剂及磁场取向对注射成形NdFeB磁体最终磁性能的影响及其应用市场。在此基础上，指出了今后开展研究工作的方向。     

TFM调制及其改进技术的研究

通过对TFM调制技术的研究,修正了其中预调制滤波器冲击响应波形g(f)在时间轴上的位置及其频谱G(w)的表达式.然后将TFM基带信号进行近似,即对TFM的相位路径进行进一步的控制,得到一个改进的TFM调制技术.改进后的TFM调制技术和原TFM调制技术相比,频带压缩能力提高了一倍,误码性能不变,但会出现3 dB的寄生调幅,需要提高发射机的发射功率.     

Sintering studies of nano-crystalline zinc oxide

Sintering and grain growth of nano-crystalline undoped ZnO has been studied in detail over a wide range of temperature and holding time. Below 800 °C, sintering of over 70% theoretical density is not observed, irrespective of particle size. At 900 °C for 6 h, the nano-crystalline sample sinters to 99% of theoretical density whereas the density for as received sample is 93% of theoretical density. However, at 1300 °C or higher, the densification is found to be much faster and after a few hours becomes independent of holding time. Grain growth studies reveal a similar feature of attaining saturation over holding time. The average saturated grain size is found to be ∼1.5 and ∼2.2 μm at 800 and 900 °C, respectively, while at 1300 °C or higher, it is in between 12 and 13 μm.     

反应器和钢烟囱整体吊装的难点和对策

介绍了在金陵石化炼油厂200万t/a柴油加氢装置建设中,将质量为237t的反应器和高60m的钢烟囱成功进行整体吊装过程中的关键技术.通过此项工程实践得出以下结论象钢烟囱这样细长重物的整体吊装,由两台吊车抬立起后,再由主吊车独立吊装就位的施工方法简单易行,安全可靠,应用范围广;结构复杂细长杆的吊装强度和挠度计算比较复杂,在计算过程中可以忽略部分次要件的质量,分别以两吊点为支点计算上下吊点所受的力,然后再按比例放余量,使两吊点受力之和等于细长杆的重力,计算挠度时,可以适当地把问题夸大化,从而建立近似的力学模型;高压厚壁重型容器的吊装,宜直接设置专门吊盖与大法兰用螺栓把紧起吊;施工现场地基坚实是保证吊车站位和吊装施工的前提条件.     

宽带固定增益放大器THS4302特性及应用

THS4302是TI公司推出的新型固定增益放大器，具有2.4GHz的带宽和 5V／V的固定增益。其性能是现有同类产品的四倍，可为高速应用系统提供高速低噪声的模拟解决方案。文中介绍了THS4302的特点、工作原理及使用注意事项，并在此基础上给出了几种典型应用。     

Thermal stability of reinforced Nb3Sn composite superconductor under cryocooled conditions

Several types of reinforced Nb₃Sn wires have been developed to prevent reduction of superconducting properties by applying a strong electromagnetic force. To fabricate a cryocooled magnet using those reinforced wires, we experimentally measured the minimum quench energy (MQE) under cryocooled conditions of some reinforced Nb₃Sn wires. As a result, it became clear that thermal stability expressed as MQE was controlled by the temperature margin between the temperature of the operating condition and the transition temperature from superconductivity to normal. Using the FEM analysis, it was realized that the cause of the decline in thermal stability for the reinforced wires was the low thermal conductivity of the reinforced materials.