Investigation on vapor-cooled current leads operating in a pulse mode

This paper describes transient numerical modeling for thermal characteristic of vapor-cooled current leads under pulse operation. The transient thermal analysis considers the temperature difference between a helium gas flow and a copper lead with temperature dependent properties of helium gas, copper and stainless steel. The numerical analysis was validated by an experiment with commercially available 100 A vapor-cooled current leads. A proper overloading factor calculation and the effect of intermediate cooling are presented for the current leads under pulse operation, which can significantly reduce heat input to a cryostat.     

裂缝性油气藏采收率：100个裂缝性油气田实例的经验总结

通过对世界上100个裂缝性油气藏的综合评价，研究储集层及流体本身的性质(包括孔隙度、渗透率、黏度、可动油比例、含水饱和度、润湿性及裂缝分布特征等)和驱动机制及油藏管理战略(优化日产量和采用不同类型的提高采收率技术)对其最终采收率的影响。将裂缝性油气藏分为4类：I类的基质几乎没有孔隙度和渗透率，裂缝是储存空间和流体流动的通道；Ⅱ类的基质有较低的孔隙度和渗透率，基质提供储存空间，裂缝提供流动通道；Ⅲ类(微孔隙)的基质具有高孔隙度和低渗透率，基质提供储存空间，裂缝提供流动通道；Ⅳ类(大孔隙)的基质具有高的孔隙度和渗透率，基质提供储存空间和流动通道，裂缝仅增加渗透率。对26个Ⅱ类油气藏和20个Ⅲ类油气藏的开采历史的研究表明：Ⅱ类油气藏的采收率受水驱强度和最优日产量控制，日产量过高会很容易破坏Ⅱ类油气藏，一些Ⅱ类油气藏如果管理得当，采收率可以很高，不需要二次或三次采油；Ⅲ类油气藏的采收率主要受岩石和流体本身性质的影响，特别是基质渗透率、流体重度、润湿性以及裂缝强度等，不进行二次或三次采油不可能完全开采，往往需要采用一些提高采收率的专门技术。以往将Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类裂缝性油气藏归为一类，认识它们的区别将有助于选择更好的开发策略。     

Threshold and growth mechanism of fatigue cracks under mode II and III loadings

ABSTRACT The fatigue crack growth behaviour of 0.47% carbon steel was studied under mode II and III loadings. Mode II fatigue crack growth tests were carried out using specially designed double cantilever (DC) type specimens in order to measure the mode II threshold stress intensity factor range, ΔK_IIth. The relationship ΔK_IIth > ΔK_Ith caused crack branching from mode II to I after a crack reached the mode II threshold. Torsion fatigue tests on circumferentially cracked specimens were carried out to study the mechanisms of both mode III crack growth and of the formation of the factory‐roof crack surface morphology. A change in microstructure occurred at a crack tip during crack growth in both mode II and mode III shear cracks. It is presumed that the crack growth mechanisms in mode II and in mode III are essentially the same. Detailed fractographic investigation showed that factory‐roofs were formed by crack branching into mode I. Crack branching started from small semi‐elliptical cracks nucleated by shear at the tip of the original circumferential crack.     

就地补偿在动力厂水泵电机上的应用实例

就我公司动力厂给水车间155kW水泵电机无功就地补偿的可行性及经济效益进行了分析和研究，对工厂用电如何节能降耗有一定的参考价值。     

Significance of the elastic peak stress evaluated by FE analyses at the point of singularity of sharp V-notched components

The paper presents an expression useful to estimate the notch stress intensity factor (NSIF) from finite element analyses carried out by using a mesh pattern with a constant element size. The evaluation of the NSIF from a numerical analysis of the local stress field usually requires very refined meshes and then large computational effort. The usefulness of the presented expression is that (i) only the elastic peak stress numerically evaluated at the V‐notch tip is needed and no longer the whole stress–distance set of data; (ii) the adopted meshes are rather coarse if compared to those necessary for the evaluation of the whole local stress field. The proposed expression needs the evaluation of a virtual V‐notch tip radius, i.e. the radius which would produce the same elastic peak stress than that calculated by FEM at the sharp V‐notch tip by means of a given mesh pattern. Once such a radius has been theoretically determined for a given geometry, the expression can be applied in a wide range of notch depths and opening angles.     

ETR Ⅱ-30调速器液压控制系统

ETRⅠ-30调速器是瑞士爱舍维斯工厂生产的具有PID调节规律的电液调速器。本文对其液压控制系统作了较详细的介绍,供有关人员参考。     

6m焦炉移动设备故障分析及处理

对6m焦炉移动设备运行特点及损坏原因进行了分析，并对6m焦炉移动设备PLC系统，液压系统的故障及其处理方法进行了探讨。     

注塑件熔接缝结构,性能评价及影响因素

文章介绍了熔接缝形成的原因，接缝类型，接缝外观和断口形态特征以及接缝性能评价方法。分析了接缝类型，塑料材料性质，工艺参数和其它因素对接缝性能的影响。     

输入——输出迭代算法中松弛因子的确定

本文利用变分的手段提示了输入—输出迭代算法中松弛因子的取值规律。     

强度调制／直接检测（IM／DD）光纤通信系统色散限制的研究

通过引入归一化脉宽Ｐ和相对脉冲展宽因子ｑ，提出了一个适用于ＩＭ／ＤＤ系统中各种眼图恶化量ｘ和归一化脉宽Ｐ的色散限制改进公式。通过与其它理论的比较、计算机仿真和对实验数据的分析，验证了该公式的正确性，并给出了其它结果的限制条件。研究表明：当眼图恶化量ｘ为１ｄＢ左右时，对２．５Ｇｂ／；外调制信号（α＝０）而言，非色散位移光纤ＩＭ／ＤＤ系统的色散因子γ约等于０．７９，所对应的系统再生中继距离约为９００余公里。