全文获取类型
收费全文 | 178211篇 |
免费 | 18703篇 |
国内免费 | 8986篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 9712篇 |
综合类 | 9248篇 |
化学工业 | 44686篇 |
金属工艺 | 13628篇 |
机械仪表 | 7917篇 |
建筑科学 | 10580篇 |
矿业工程 | 3404篇 |
能源动力 | 17057篇 |
轻工业 | 14003篇 |
水利工程 | 1877篇 |
石油天然气 | 4658篇 |
武器工业 | 1265篇 |
无线电 | 19820篇 |
一般工业技术 | 28120篇 |
冶金工业 | 7730篇 |
原子能技术 | 2243篇 |
自动化技术 | 9952篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 784篇 |
2023年 | 3487篇 |
2022年 | 7554篇 |
2021年 | 8747篇 |
2020年 | 6354篇 |
2019年 | 5900篇 |
2018年 | 5685篇 |
2017年 | 7235篇 |
2016年 | 8300篇 |
2015年 | 8650篇 |
2014年 | 11003篇 |
2013年 | 11923篇 |
2012年 | 11343篇 |
2011年 | 12305篇 |
2010年 | 9265篇 |
2009年 | 9305篇 |
2008年 | 8557篇 |
2007年 | 10699篇 |
2006年 | 10301篇 |
2005年 | 8299篇 |
2004年 | 6574篇 |
2003年 | 5638篇 |
2002年 | 4835篇 |
2001年 | 3949篇 |
2000年 | 3444篇 |
1999年 | 2563篇 |
1998年 | 2146篇 |
1997年 | 1800篇 |
1996年 | 1528篇 |
1995年 | 1277篇 |
1994年 | 1112篇 |
1993年 | 906篇 |
1992年 | 761篇 |
1991年 | 636篇 |
1990年 | 547篇 |
1989年 | 447篇 |
1988年 | 307篇 |
1987年 | 214篇 |
1986年 | 187篇 |
1985年 | 210篇 |
1984年 | 191篇 |
1983年 | 125篇 |
1982年 | 144篇 |
1981年 | 87篇 |
1980年 | 88篇 |
1979年 | 43篇 |
1966年 | 28篇 |
1964年 | 37篇 |
1962年 | 65篇 |
1959年 | 34篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
《Intermetallics》2015
Fine-grained fully-lamellar (FL) microstructure is desired for TiAl components to serve as compressor/turbine blades and turbocharger turbine wheels. This study deals with the process and phase transformation to produce FL microstructure for Mo stabilized beta-gamma TiAl alloys without single α-phase field. Unlike the α + γ two-phased TiAl or beta-gamma TiAl with single α-phase field, the wrought multi-phase TiAl–4/6Nb–2Mo–B/Y alloys exhibit special annealing process to obtain FL microstructure. Short-term annealing at temperatures slightly above β-transus is recommended to produce the desired FL microstructure. The related mechanism is to guarantee the sufficient diffusion homogenization of β stabilizers during single β-phase annealing, and further avoid α decomposition by α → γ + β when cooling through α + β + γ phase field. The colony boundary β phase contributes to fine-grained nearly FL microstructure, by retarding the coarsening of the α phase grains. 相似文献
22.
Greg A. Breed Paul M. Severns Andrew M. Edwards 《Journal of the Royal Society Interface》2015,12(103)
Lévy flights have gained prominence for analysis of animal movement. In a Lévy flight, step-lengths are drawn from a heavy-tailed distribution such as a power law (PL), and a large number of empirical demonstrations have been published. Others, however, have suggested that animal movement is ill fit by PL distributions or contend a state-switching process better explains apparent Lévy flight movement patterns. We used a mix of direct behavioural observations and GPS tracking to understand step-length patterns in females of two related butterflies. We initially found movement in one species (Euphydryas editha taylori) was best fit by a bounded PL, evidence of a Lévy flight, while the other (Euphydryas phaeton) was best fit by an exponential distribution. Subsequent analyses introduced additional candidate models and used behavioural observations to sort steps based on intraspecific interactions (interactions were rare in E. phaeton but common in E. e. taylori). These analyses showed a mixed-exponential is favoured over the bounded PL for E. e. taylori and that when step-lengths were sorted into states based on the influence of harassing conspecific males, both states were best fit by simple exponential distributions. The direct behavioural observations allowed us to infer the underlying behavioural mechanism is a state-switching process driven by intraspecific interactions rather than a Lévy flight. 相似文献
23.
Measuring nonlinear optical response of a specific material in a mixture, not only leads to investigate the behavior of a particular component in various circumstances, but also can be a way to select suitable combination and optimum concentration of additives and therefore obtaining the maximum nonlinear optical signals. In this work, by using dual-arm Z-scan technique, the nonlinear refractive index of Disperse Red1 (DR1) organic dye molecules inside the core of prepared polymeric nanocapsules was measured among various materials which prepared nanocapsules were made of them. Then the measured value was compared with nonlinear refractive index of DR1 solved in dichloromethane. 相似文献
24.
Undoped and fluorine doped ZnO thin films were deposited onto glass substrates using successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) technique and then annealed at 350 °C in vacuum ambience. The F doping level was varied from 0 to 15 at% in steps of 5 at%. The XRD analysis showed that all the films are polycrystalline with hexagonal wurtzite structure and preferentially oriented along the (002) plane. Crystallite sizes were found to increase when 5 at% of F is doped and then decreased with further doping. It was seen from the SEM images that the doping causes remarkable changes in the surface morphology and the annealing treatment results in well-defined grains with an improvement in the grain size irrespective of doping level. All the films exhibit good transparency (>70%) after vacuum annealing. Electrical resistivity of the film was found to be minimum (1.32×10−3 Ω cm) when the fluorine doping level was 5 at%. 相似文献
25.
A fluorene-centered perylene monoimide dimer, PMI-F-PMI with a partly non-coplanar configuration has been developed as a potential non-fullerene acceptor for organic solar cells (OSCs). The optimum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the OSC based on PMI-F-PMI as acceptor and poly (3-hexyl thiophene) (P3HT) as donor is up to 2.30% after annealing at 150 °C. The PCE of 2.30% is the highest value for the OSCs based on P3HT donor and non-fullerene acceptor lies in that PMI-F-PMI’s lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level around −3.50 eV matches well with the donor P3HT to produce higher open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.98 V. Meanwhile, PMI-F-PMI makes remarkable contribution to devices’ light absorption as the maximum EQE (30%) of the devices is at 512 nm, same to the maximum absorption wavelength of PMI-F-PMI. The other favorable characteristics of PMI-F-PMI in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) active layers is proved through the photo current density measures, the relatively balanced electron–hole transport, and the smooth morphology with root mean square (RMS) value of 1.86 nm. For these advantages, PMI-F-PMI overwhelms its sister PMI-F and parent PMI as an acceptor in BHJ solar cells. 相似文献
26.
27.
基于传统AI-EBG结构,提出了一种小尺寸的增强型电磁带隙结构,实现了从0.5~9.4 GHz的宽频带-40 dB噪声抑制深度,且下截止频率减少到数百MHz,可有效抑制多层PCB板间地弹噪声。文中同时研究了EBG结构在高速电路应用时的信号完整性问题,使用差分信号方案可改善信号完整性。 相似文献
28.
介绍了一种基于高性能浮点DSP芯片TMS320C32、CPLD芯片XC95288和A/D采样芯片AD976组成的多路采集系统的工作原理以及设计方法。通过对第一路施加特殊的电压量,在CCS开发环境下读取采样缓冲区的值,并利用Matlab对采样数据进行了全波傅氏变换。此外,该系统已在继电保护中得到广泛应用,实践表明,该系统能较好地解决多路模拟量的采集,并确保了采样数据的安全可靠性。 相似文献
29.
In this work, we focus on the Ge nanoparticles (Ge-np) embedded ZnO multilayered thin films. Effects of reactive and nonreactive growth of ZnO layers on the rapid thermal annealing (RTA) induced formation of Ge-np have been specifically investigated. The samples were deposited by sequential r.f. and d.c. sputtering of ZnO and Ge thin film layers, respectively on Si substrates. As-prepared thin film samples have been exposed to an ex-situ RTA at 600 °C for 60 s under forming gas atmosphere. Structural characterizations have been performed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman scattering, Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) techniques. It has been realized that reactive or nonreactive growth of ZnO layers significantly influences the morphology of the ZnO: Ge samples, most prominently the crystal structure of Ge-np. XRD and Raman analysis have revealed that while reactive growth results in a mixture of diamond cubic (DC) and simple tetragonal (ST12) Ge-np, nonreactive growth leads to the formation of only DC Ge-np upon RTA process. Formation of ST12 Ge-np has been discussed based on structural differences due to reactive and nonreactive growth of ZnO embedding layer. 相似文献
30.
Temperature history can have a significant effect on the strength of water-saturated chalk.In this study,hydrostatic stress cycles are applied to understand the mechanical response of chalk samples exposed to temperature cycling between each stress cycle,compared to the samples tested at a constant temperature.The total accumulated strain during a stress cycle and the irreversible strain are reported.Chalk samples from Kansas(USA)and Mons(Belgium),with different degrees of induration(i.e.amount of contact cementation),were used.The samples were saturated with equilibrated water(polar)and nonpolar Isopar H oil to quantify water weakening.All samples tested during 10 stress cycles with varying temperature(i.e.temperature cycled in between each stress cycle)accumulated more strain than those tested at constant temperatures.All the stress cycles were performed at 30℃.The two chalk types behaved similarly when saturated with Isopar H oil,but differently when saturated with water.When saturated with water,the stronger Kansas chalk accumulated more total strain and more irreversible strain within each stress cycle than the weaker Mons chalk. 相似文献