新型阳离子聚合物NCP的合成及应用

介绍了用高分子反应法在固态条件下合成高阳离子度阳离子聚合物NCP的方法,确定了其最佳反应条件,测定了聚合物阳离子度和反应效率.采用L9（34）正交试验法得出合成NCP的最佳反应条件为：聚合物与阳离子化试剂质量比为11：3;催化剂用量为1.072%,反应时间为2.5 h;反应温度为80℃.实验结果表明,在反应体系中加入催化剂和少量有机或无机溶剂可显著提高反应速率和效率;使用少量润湿剂,可最大限度地限制副反应,造成反应部位的局部浓度高,提高反应效率.阳离子聚合物NCP可作为增粘降滤失剂用于配制正电性钻井液,效果优良,且耐温性能良好,同时基于阳离子与阴离子聚合物在溶液中生成凝胶状沉淀物的特性,NCP还可用于解决注聚区块生产井产出水中含高浓度聚合物的问题.     

Phase equilibria of quasi-binary systems consisting of multicomponent polymers 1 and 2. IV: Poly(ethylene oxide)/poly(propylene oxide) systems

To confirm the reliability of the theory of phase equibria of multicomponent polymer 1/multicomponent polymer 2 systems (i.e. quasi-binary systems) and the method of computer experiment based on this theory (Brit. Polym. J., 23 (1990)285; 23 (1990)299; Polym. Int., 29 (1992)219), could point curves (CPC), two-phase volume ratios ( R ) and critical solution points (CSP) have been determined experimentally for the quasi-binary mixtures of poly(ethylene oxide) (M¯_w = 647, M¯_w/M¯_n = 1.15; M¯_w and M¯_n, the weight-average and numberaverage molecular weights, respectively) and poly(propylene oxide) (M¯_w = 2028, M¯_w/M¯_n = 1.08; and M_w = 2987, M_w/M_n = 1.13). The hydroxyl end groups of both polymers were methoxylated in advance by the Cooper & Booth method (Polymer, 18 (1977)164). The thermodynamic interaction parameter between both polymers, χ₁₂, and the concentration dependence parameters for the above quasi-binary systems were determined by the method proposed in a previous paper (Brit. Polym. J., 23 (1990)299). CPC, R and CSP values calculated on the basis of the theory are in good agreement with the values determined experimentally.     

放射性核素迁移的实验室研究——Ⅱ.用混合裂变产物溶液研究核素在地质材料上的吸附

应用裂变产物混合物做为示踪剂研究了~(137)Cs,~(141,144)Ce,~(103,106)Ru,~(103,106)Ru,~(95)Zr,~(95)Nb,~(89,90)Sr在花岗岩、凝灰岩、页岩上的吸附行为。应用批式技术测定了吸附比。核素的γ放射性是用连有SCORPIO-3000多道计算机系统的Ce(Li)探测器测量的。β放射性~(89,90)Sr是放化分离后在G-M计数器上测量的。结果表明:凝灰岩、页岩能强烈吸附Ce,Nb,Zr;吸附Cs居中;吸附Sr,Ru较差;花岗岩的吸附性能都差。     

Solubility of amaranth seed proteins in sodium sulphate and sodium chloride: the main factor in quantitative extraction for analysis

Nitrogen was extracted more efficiently from amaranth seed with 0.04 M Na₂SO₄ (5% w/v) than with either 0.09 M or 0.17 M NaCl (5% or 10% w/v), despite both solutions having the same ionic strength (μ= 1). Solubility of saline soluble proteins (albumin ± globulin) was very poor in either water or 1M NaCl, but increased in 0.4M NaCl at alkaline pH between 7 and 10. Globulins were very soluble in 0.4M NaCl at a pH 9. Albumin was the main storage protein. Saline soluble proteins formed very weak gels.     

RE／S值对控轧低碳Mn－Nb－RE钢硫化物成分和形貌的影响

用扫描电镜测定了含０．０４１％～０．０７６％ＲＥ的低碳Ｍｎ－Ｎｂ－ＲＥ钢中硫化物的成分、大小和形貌。ＲＥ／Ｓ值为２．８～３．０时，钢中的硫化物充分变质。     

Biodesulphurization of Hungarian lignite and sub-bituminous coal

The annual SO₂ emission is approx. 0.6 million tons in Hungary because of the high amount of sulphur in the power plant coals. Since Hungary has signed the European Environmental Agreement, the high sulphur emission has to be gradually reduced. To overcome the acid rain problem, the biodesulphurization of Hungarian power plant coals has also been started in Hungary. The R&D programe of biodesulphurization has been launched in 1990. According to our findings the biodesulphurization process is a suitable tool for reducing the pyritic sulphur content in lignite and sub-bituminous coal.     

AUTOCONER-338型自动络筒机的接头工艺与切疵有效性分析

介绍了AUTOCONER-338型自动络筒机空气捻接器的接头要求与影响接头质量的因素,并且就不同品种的纱线选用不同接头工艺进行了简单分析;介绍了如何评价络筒切疵有效性与影响切疵率的因素.通过以上2方面的分析介绍,及时调整设计与工艺,提高了生产效率,改善了布面质量.     

低阶煤煤层气富集模式初探

通过对美国粉河盆地以及我国铁法盆地煤层气富集规律的解剖,总结出影响低阶煤煤层气富集的关键因素是封堵,而构造、岩性和水动力是形成煤层气封堵的主要因素。同时提出了5种不同的煤层气富集模式,即背斜模式、构造—水动力模式、构造—岩性模式、岩性—水动力模式和岩性模式。     

强化管理提质增收

介绍了阳矿公司为加强煤质管理所采取的一些措施,包括依靠科技进步,优化生产工艺;抓好现场管理,强化落实措施;强化质量意识,做到全员参与。     

煤炭企业管理的激励方式及运用

本文介绍了煤炭企业管理的激励方式以及激励机制的具体运用。