Innovation in construction: a sociology of technology approach

An alternative approach to understanding innovation is made using two intersecting ideas. The first is that successful innovation requires consideration of the social and organizational contexts in which it is located. The complex context of construction work is characterized by inter-organizational collaboration, a project-based approach and power distributed amongst collaborating organizations. The second is that innovations can be divided into two modes: 'bounded', where the implications of innovation are restricted within a single, coherent sphere of influence, and 'unbounded', where the effects of implementation spill over beyond this. Bounded innovations are adequately explained within the construction literature. However, less discussed are unbounded innovations, where many firms' collaboration is required for successful implementation, even though many innovations can be considered unbounded within construction's inter-organizational context. It is argued that unbounded innovations require an approach to understand and facilitate the interactions both within a range of actors and between the actors and technological artefacts. The insights from a sociology of technology approach can be applied to the multiplicity of negotiations and alignments that constitute the implementation of unbounded innovation. The utility of concepts from the sociology of technology, including 'system building' and 'heterogeneous engineering', is demonstrated by applying them to an empirical study of an unbounded innovation on a major construction project (the new terminal at Heathrow Airport, London, UK). This study suggests that 'system building' contains outcomes that are not only transformations of practices, processes and systems, but also the potential transformation of technologies themselves.     

高校广告学课程教学模式改革探讨

广告行业的繁荣,使得广告业成为当今社会炙手可热的行业之一,各地高校争相开办广告类专业或开设广告学课程.作者分析了目前高校广告学课程教学的现状,指出高校广告学课程教学中存在的不合理因素,并提出了改革建议,旨在适应市场经济发展的需要,创建具有特色的广告学课程教学新模式.     

因子分析法和熵值法在高校科技创新评价中的应用

在已有研究的基础上总结出了一套科学合理并具有可行性的高校科技创新评价指标体系,并把因子分析法和熵值法应用于高校科技创新评价.首先对高校科技创新评价体系的5个一级指标分别进行因子分析,然后运用熵值法对其确定权重.分析结果表明两种方法的结合使用能够简化分析对象的结构,使评价结果更具科学性、客观性.     

工业设计之创新思维方法浅析

工业设计是科学和艺术的综合体,创新思维在工业设计中具有十分重要的作用。它不仅决定了产品的外观,甚至还影响着产品的制造和使用过程。我国著名教育家陶行知先生认为,"处处是创造之地""天天是创造之时""人人是创造之人"。中国是制造大国,却不是设计大国。中国设计的原创性产品很少,中国的创新能力也亟待加强。但是随着科技的进步,中国的设计能力也在突飞猛进地发展。可以相信,未来的中国一定会成为一个设计大国。     

试析教师的精气神

教师生理上的精、气、神是教学上的精、气、神之根本动力,也是教学创新的核心,能起到事半功倍的作用。教师要想收获精彩的人生,做一个称职的教师,就必须在教学上拥有精、气、神。     

借鉴德国课程教学模式,提升学生专业能力——以单片机原理及应用课程为例

通过借鉴德国应用科学大学的课程教学模式,探讨如何切实有效地提升学生的专业能力,以达到＂卓越工程师教育培养计划＂的人才培养目标。结合＂卓越工程师教育培养计划＂,在单片机原理及应用课程教学中,调整课程教学内容和安排,改革课程教学方法和形式,丰富课程考核办法。小范围内的实践获得了良好的效果,为探索如何更好地结合国外课程理念,提升学生专业能力,提供了一定的参考价值。     

文化创意产业园区协同创新平台的构建——以江西服装创意产业为例

江西省服装产业正处于由劳动密集型产业向知识密集型产业过渡的关键时期.在此发展阶段,江西省应在大力发展服装制造加工业的同时积极培育服装创意产业的发展,尽力提升知识、技术、创意等生产要素对服装产业的贡献,摆脱对劳动力、土地、自然资源等初级生产要素的过度依赖.探究了如何构建服装创意园区的协同创新平台并促进服装产业的转型升级.     

在VB课程教学中培养学生创新能力

Visual Basic(VB)是一门普及实用的编程语言,在日常的生产和生活中都发挥很大的作用。中职教育是以就业为导向,以职业技能的系统化培养为目标的。目前中职VB教学在课程设置和教学方式上都存在一定的局限性,这种的局限很大程度上限制了中职学生的创新能力培养,笔者总结了在VB教学中培养中职生创新能力的几点措施。