Facile synthesis of MgO–Mg2SiO4 composite ceramics with high strength and low thermal conductivity

The recycling of solid waste is a win-win solution for humans and nature. For this purpose, magnesite tailings and silicon kerf waste were employed to prepare MgO–Mg₂SiO₄ composite ceramics by solid-state reaction synthesis in the present work. Then, effects of sintering temperature and raw material ratio on as-prepared ceramics were systematically studied. As-prepared ceramics showed improvement in their relative density (from 47.55%–68.12% to 90.96%–95.25%) and cold compressive strength (from 7.34–118.66 MPa to 303.39–546.65 MPa) with the increase in sintering temperature from 1300 to 1600 °C. In addition, it was found that Si promoted synthesis process of Mg₂SiO₄ phase through transient liquid phase sintering and Fe₂O₃ accelerated sintering process through activation sintering. Consequently, the presence of Mg₂SiO₄ phase effectively improved the density and strength of MgO–Mg₂SiO₄ composite ceramic, while reducing its thermal conductivity. This work provides a potential reutilization strategy for magnesite tailings, and as-prepared products are expected to be applied in fields of construction, metallurgy, and chemical industry.     

甘三酯立体专一分析的研究：（Ⅱ）甘三酯立体专一分析方法初探

在第一部分综合讨论的基础上对甘三酯立体专一分析方法作了初步探讨。以液体油(菜油)及固体脂(猪脂)为基质,系统地研究了这一分析方法,取得了经验并补充了一些具体验证方法。分析液体油的结果与文献数据相一致,分析猪脂的结果欠佳,还存在一些问题需待进一步研究。     

半城子水库水生态健康评价

参照《水生态健康评价技术规范》中的评价方法及评价体系,对密云水库上游半城子水库水生态健康状况进行评价,评价结果显示:半城子水库水生态健康综合指数为83.79,处于评价水平中的健康等级.根据评价结果,从村庄生活污染控制、河道生态修复及库区水质改善等方面提出建议.通过对河湖生态系统的现状及存在的问题进行诊断,来评估北京市河湖水生态系统的健康状况,对加快推进水生态文明建设具有重要意义.     

钢液对连铸用含碳耐火材料的侵蚀作用研究

采用中频炉的实验室模拟试验(试验条件:钢液温度1600℃,浸入时间30min,气氛分别为空气和真空)和通过对用后耐火材料的显微结构分析,研究了钢液对3种连铸用含碳耐火材料(Al2O3-C、MgO-C和ZrO2-C)的侵蚀作用。结果表明,脱碳层的形成及钢液中夹杂物与脱碳层中耐火氧化物的反应是材料蚀损的主要原因。因此,在含碳耐火材料接触钢液的表面形成致密耐火层,能有效抑制钢液对连铸用含碳耐火材料的侵蚀。     

基于ANSYS Workbench的面齿轮传动固有特性分析

以正交面齿轮传动为研究对象,建立面齿轮传动的有限元模型,运用有限元软件A N S Y S Workbenck对该模型进行模态分析,提取该模型的前6阶固有频率和振型进行分析;并研究压力角、齿数差及面齿轮孔径对面齿轮传动固有频率的影响。研究结果表明:面齿轮传动的模态振型以面齿轮振动为主,面齿轮传动固有频率随压力角、齿数差及面齿轮孔径的增大而增大,其中面齿轮孔径对其影响最大,其次是压力角,而齿数差对其影响不大。     

Tuning the temperature coefficient of resonant frequency for 8-layer twinned hexagonal perovskite Ba<Subscript>8</Subscript>ZnTa<Subscript>6</Subscript>O<Subscript>24</Subscript> ceramics

High-Q dielectric materials ilmenite MgTiO₃, columbite MgNb₂O₆ and cubic perovskite Ba₃NiTa₂O₉ with negative temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τ _f ) were selected as candidates for compensating the τ _f of hexagonal perovskite Ba₈ZnTa₆O₂₄. X-ray diffraction data shows that Ba₈ZnTa₆O₂₄ coexists with Ba₃NiTa₂O₉ but is not compatible with MgTiO₃ and MgNb₂O₆ at high temperature. The τ _f for the mixed hexagonal/cubic perovskite Ba₈ZnTa₆O₂₄–Ba₃NiTa₂O₉ system is tunable via the temperature compensation effect and its quality factor may be improved via annealing the ceramics at high temperature to enhance the cation ordering in the cubic component. Permittivity ε _r  ~ 22–25, Q×f > 30,000 GHz and tunable τ _f within ±10 ppm/°C were achieved in the range of about 50–80 wt% Ba₃NiTa₂O₉ for the hexagonal/cubic perovskite composite Ba₈ZnTa₆O₂₄–Ba₃NiTa₂O₉ ceramics, which is suitable for the application as dielectric resonators and filters.     

Using capture-recapture data and hybrid Monte Carlo sampling to estimate an animal population affected by an environmental catastrophe

We propose a dynamic model for the evolution of an open animal population that is subject to an environmental catastrophe. The model incorporates a capture-recapture experiment often conducted for studying wildlife population, and enables inferences on the population size and possible effect of the catastrophe. A Bayesian approach is used to model unobserved quantities in the problem as latent variables and Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) is used for posterior computation. Because the particular interrelationship between observed and latent variables negates the feasibility of standard MCMC methods, we propose a hybrid Monte Carlo approach that integrates a Gibbs sampler with the strategies of sequential importance sampling (SIS) and acceptance-rejection (AR) sampling for model estimation. We develop results on how to construct effective proposal densities for the SIS scheme. The approach is illustrated through a simulation study, and is applied to data from a mountain pygmy possum (Burramys Parvus) population that was affected by a bushfire.     

某电厂220 t/h贫煤锅炉改烧优质烟煤的可行性研究

某热电厂一期锅炉为WGZ220/9.8-4型锅炉,设计燃用贫煤,为解决供热问题,二期扩建3台WGZ220/9.8-13型锅炉,燃用低硫烟煤.本文从设计、运行安全上对一期锅炉改烧烟煤进行了可行性论证,并提出必须进行燃烧调整和对燃烧器及相应系统进行改造的建议.     

凹坑形貌对线接触摩擦副耐磨性的影响

在线接触摩擦副中,非光滑结构单元的凹坑、凸包、波纹、鳞片形态等表面凹坑形貌对其耐磨性有一定的影响,其中凹坑的直径、深度对耐磨性的影响十分显著。以圆形凹坑非光滑形貌为例,采用有限元仿真分析的方法,对非光滑表面凹坑不同直径和深度的磨损过程进行了分析,研究了仿生非光滑表面对摩擦副耐磨性影响的程度。研究结果表明:线性摩擦副工作过程中,凹坑间距为1 000 m的条件下,摩擦副表面的等效应力和摩擦力随着圆形凹坑直径的增大而增大,随其深度的增大而呈抛物线增长;且在凹坑直径为100 m、深度为300 m时,矩形块的耐磨性最优。     

Truly Concomitant and Independently Expressed Short‐ and Long‐Term Plasticity in a Bi2O2Se‐Based Three‐Terminal Memristor

Concomitance of diverse synaptic plasticity across different timescales produces complex cognitive processes. To achieve comparable cognitive complexity in memristive neuromorphic systems, devices that are capable of emulating short‐term (STP) and long‐term plasticity (LTP) concomitantly are essential. In existing memristors, however, STP and LTP can only be induced selectively because of the inability to be decoupled using different loci and mechanisms. In this work, the first demonstration of truly concomitant STP and LTP is reported in a three‐terminal memristor that uses independent physical phenomena to represent each form of plasticity. The emerging layered material Bi₂O₂Se is used for memristors for the first time, opening up the prospects for ultrathin, high‐speed, and low‐power neuromorphic devices. The concerted action of STP and LTP allows full‐range modulation of the transient synaptic efficacy, from depression to facilitation, by stimulus frequency or intensity, providing a versatile device platform for neuromorphic function implementation. A heuristic recurrent neural circuitry model is developed to simulate the intricate “sleep–wake cycle autoregulation” process, in which the concomitance of STP and LTP is posited as a key factor in enabling this neural homeostasis. This work sheds new light on the development of generic memristor platforms for highly dynamic neuromorphic computing.