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1.
Nowadays, oil pollution has become more serious, which causes great threats both to the ecological environment and human life. In this study, a novel type of multifunctional deacetylated cellulose acetate/polyurethane (d-MCA:MTPU) composite nanofiber membranes for oil/water separation are successfully fabricated by electrospinning, which show super-amphiphilicity in air, super-hydrophilicity in oil, and oleophobicity in water. All the d-MCA:MTPU composite nanofiber membranes with different mass ratios can be used as water-removing, oil-removing, and emulsion separation substance only by gravity driving force. The highest separation flux for water and oil reaches up to 37 000 and 74 000 L m−2 h−1, respectively, and all the separation efficiencies are more than 99%. They have outstanding comprehensive mechanics performance, which can be controlled by simply adjusting the mass ratios. They show excellent antifouling and self-cleaning ability, endowing powerful cyclic stability and reusability. Those results show that d-MCA:MTPU composite nanofiber membranes have great application prospects in oil/water separation. 相似文献
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Effect of cellulose acetate/cellulose triacetate ratio on reverse osmosis blend membrane performance
Yasmeen Elkony El-Sayed Mansour Amel Elhusseiny Shaker Ebrahim 《Polymer Engineering and Science》2020,60(11):2852-2863
Surface functionalization and modification including the grafting process are effective approaches to improve and enhance the reverse osmosis (RO) membrane performance. This work is aimed to synthesize grafted/crosslinked cellulose acetate (CA)/cellulose triacetate (CTA) blend RO membranes using N-isopropylacrylamide (N-IPAAm) as a monomer and N,N-methylene bisacrylamide (MBAAm) as a crosslinker. The morphology of these membranes was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and their surface roughness was characterized by atomic force microscopy. The performance of these membranes was evaluated through measuring two major parameters of salt rejection and water flux using RO unit at variable operating pressures. It was noted that the surface average roughness obviously decreased from 148 nm for the pure CA/CTA blend membrane with 2.5% CTA to 110 nm and 87 nm for the grafted N-IPAAm and grafted/crosslinked N-IPAAM/MBAAm/CA/CTA-RO membranes, respectively. Moreover, the contact angle decreased from 51.98° to 47.6° and 43.8° after the grafting and crosslinking process. The salt rejection of the grafted CA/CTA-RO membrane by 0.1% N-IPAAm produced the highest value of 98.12% and the water flux was 3.29 L/m2h at 10 bar. 相似文献
4.
P(DBF-VA)型柴油低温流动性改进剂的研制 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
针对新疆地产柴油蜡含量较高的特点,以游离基聚合法合成了富马酸双链混合酯和醋酸乙烯酯共聚物型[P(DBF-VA)]柴油低温流动改进剂,利用正交实验研究了单体配比,引发剂用量,溶剂用量,聚合温度对聚合物降冷滤效果的影响。共聚物用IR进行表征,利用XRD初步探讨了该降凝剂的降凝机理。结果表明:该剂能使吐哈—10~#、0~#柴油冷滤点降低10℃和7℃;使独山子0~#柴油冷滤点下降12℃;使石化0~#柴油冷滤点下降8℃;使克拉玛依0~#柴油的冷滤点下降8℃。 相似文献
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G Garrote J
M Cruz H Domínguez J
C Paraj 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2003,78(4):392-398
Non‐isothermal processing of lignocellulosic materials in aqueous media (autohydrolysis reaction) under mild conditions leads to solutions containing valuable chemicals (oligosaccharides, sugars and acetic acid) and other, undesired, compounds (belonging to the extractive and acid‐soluble lignin fractions) which have to be removed in further purification treatments. Liquors obtained by non‐isothermal autohydrolysis of Eucalyptus globulus wood and corncobs under a variety of operational conditions were extracted with ethyl acetate in order to remove non‐saccharide components, and the suitability of the fraction dissolved in the organic phase was assayed for possible utilisation as an antioxidant. The yield and antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate extracts (measured by the α,α‐diphenyl‐β‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity) showed a strong dependence on the autohydrolysis conditions. The antioxidant activity of extracts obtained under selected operational conditions compared well with synthetic antioxidants. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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KOAc/NaY催化合成邻甲基苯甲醚 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
以KOA c/NaY为催化剂,在连续流动固定床反应器内,邻甲基苯酚(OC)与碳酸二甲酯(DMC)经过气固相催化反应合成了邻甲基苯甲醚(OM)。考察了内、外扩散对KOA c/NaY催化剂活性的影响。实验结果表明,当气流线速度大于30cm/m in时可消除外扩散对合成反应的影响;当KOA c/NaY催化剂的平均粒径在0.30~0.75mm(20~80目的颗粒)时能消除内扩散对合成反应的影响。在消除内、外扩散效应后,还考察了反应温度、原料配比、空速对合成反应的影响,得到较佳的反应条件:催化剂5mL,反应温度548K,反应压力0.6M Pa,空速0.6h-1,n(DMC)∶n(OC)=1,在线评价时间7h。在此条件下,OC的转化率高达85.7%,OM的选择性大于99%。 相似文献
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E. M. Abdel-Bary H. H. Hassan A. M. El-Lawindy M. K. Abu-Assy F. K. El-Tantawy 《Polymer International》1993,30(3):371-374
Butyl rubber mixtures loaded with 70 phr general purpose furnace black (GPF) and tetramethyl thiuram disulphide (TMTD)/S as vulcanizing system were prepared. The kinetics of their electrical conductivity development during the vulcanization process were followed by using an especially devised system. It was found that the increase in the electrical conductivity during vulcanization obeys an exponential growth function with time constant τ, which markedly decreases with increasing vulcanization temperature as well as with the efficiency of the vulcanizing system. After completion of the vulcanization process, about 80 min, the samples obtained possess reasonable stability and reproducibility of electrical conductivity. 相似文献