Approximate development of trimmed patches for surface tessellation

This paper presents a method for constructing an auxiliary planar domain of triangulation for tessellating trimmed parametric surface patches. By minimizing a mapping error function, an approximate locally isometric mapping between a given trimmed parametric surface patch and its triangulation domain is constructed. In this way the shape of triangular elements on the triangulation domain is approximately preserved when mapped into three-dimensional space. We also provide an efficient method to achieve a good initial guess for the minimization of the mapping error function. Furthermore, our proposed method guarantees a homeomorphism between a triangulation domain and parametric space/given surface patch by robustly removing the possibility of self-intersection on the developed surface net. Practical application of the proposed algorithm can include the formation of ship hulls, ducts, shoes, clothing and automobile parts as well as the surface meshing procedure.     

On the meshing of trimmed 3D surfaces

A novel approach for generating quadrilateral meshes on trimmed three-dimensional surfaces is proposed. The parametric plane to Cartesian space mapping technique is extensively employed in this approach. Newly defined ‘separators’, are created on a given surface and nodes are generated on them. The relationship between nodes and separators, which is invariant in both the parametric plane and Cartesian space, is maintained for the ease of triangulation. Trimmed surfaces are discretized and the resulting meshes are presented to validate the proposed algorithm.     

Trimmed NURBS曲面参数域的快速三角化算法

本文介绍对裁剪后的ＮＵＲＢＳ曲面参数域的一个简单、快速的三角划分算法．该算法首先对参数域进行初始划分，然后对初始划分中的每个三角形进行取舍判断或裁剪，保留参数域内的部分，丢弃参数域外的部分．为了提高速度，本算法采用了近似参数域边界线、避免无效计算及避免重复计算等措施．测试所得的数据表明，三角划分的时间与划分数成线性关系．     

离散点集3D三角划分算法在裁剪曲面中的实现

提出一种在3D空间直接对曲面离散数据点进行三角网格划分的算法,该方法适用于非封闭曲面、封闭曲面及多连通复杂曲面的离散点集,同时也能处理剪载曲面的离散点集,得到优良的三角网格。在引入边界环融合的概念的基础上,详细阐述算法如何实现对剪载裁曲面离散点集三角划分,并给出应用实例。     

各务异性网格生成及其在曲面三角化中的应用

网格生成技术在工程分析，科学计算可视化等领域有着重要的意义，为了快速进行曲面三角化，提出了一种二维各向异性网格生成方法，通过引入椭圆距离和椭圆矩阵，定义了三角形的外接椭圆，从而将Delaunay三角化方法扩展到各向异性环境中，并讨论了各向异性网格的性质，随后将各向异性网格方法应用在曲面三角化当中，并将曲面的第一基本形式作为参数域的椭圆矩阵，同时给出了曲面Delaunay三角化的定义，从而成功地利用了各向异性网格方法对曲面进行三角化，实践证明，不仅其速度要大大快于传统的三角化方法，并且该方法能统一处理各种二次曲面和裁剪NURBS曲面。     

一种多张裁减曲面的快速三角化算法

针对多张裁减曲面的三角化问题,提出一种多张裁减曲面三角化边界的算法。该算法在进行多张裁减曲面的三角化时,采用点对应的方法离散曲面的公共边界,因而能有效地防止曲面相交处出现裂缝、孔洞和覆盖等现象,提高了多张裁减曲面三角化算法的正确性。同时采用了目前比较先进的基于局部优先的平面任意区域三角剖分算法,因而提高了三角化的效率。     

A robust efficient tracing scheme for triangulating trimmed parametric surfaces

An efficient, robust parametric trimmed surface triangulation method is presented. Efficiency is gained during trimmed curve tracing by minimising the number of cells processed. Key feature is the efficient tracing algorithm, and knowledge of orientation of the trimming curves is not required. The method is applicable to NURBS surfaces and operates on the untrimmed surface, constructing a rectangular parametric grid onto which the trimming curves are traced. This approach also minimises the occurrence of degenerate triangles and copes with holes independently of the grid size.     

Feature-based decomposition of trimmed surface

A trimmed surface is usually represented by a parametric surface and a set of trimming curves. Because of the complexity in manipulating trimmed surfaces, many CAD processes and algorithms cannot be applied to trimmed surfaces directly. It is thus desirable to represent a trimmed surface by a group of regular surfaces. In this paper, an algorithm for decomposing a trimmed surface is presented. First, bisectors of the Voronoï diagram developed in the parametric space are used to define an isolated region for every trimming curve. Feature points on the trimming curves are extracted by considering curvatures of the curves. Correspondence between feature points and vertices on the bisectors are established by considering the similarity between the trimming curves and the bisectors. Regions of parametric patches are then identified. Finally, a group of regular surfaces are constructed by interpolating a set of sampled surface points on each of the identified regions.     

An Algorithm for Projecting Points onto a Patched CAD Model

We are interested in building structured overlap-ping grids for geometries defined by Computer-Aided-Design (CAD) packages. Geometric information defining the boundary surfaces of a computation domain is often provided in the form of a collection of possibly hundreds of trimmed patches. The first step in building an overlapping volume grid on such a geometry is to build overlapping surface grids. A surface grid is typically built using hyperbolic grid generation; starting from a curve on the surface, a grid is grown by marching over the surface. A given hyperbolic grid will typically cover many of the underlying CAD surface patches. The fundamental operation needed for building surface grids is that of projecting a point in space onto the closest point on the CAD surface. We describe a fast and robust algorithm for performing this projection which makes use of a fairly coarse global triangulation of the CAD geometry. Before the global triangulation is constructed the connectivity of the model is determined by an edge-matching algorithm which corrects for gaps and overlaps between neighbouring patches. ID="A1" Correspondence and offprint requests to: Dr. W. D. Henshaw, Center for Applied Scientific Computing, L-661, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA. E-mail: henshaw@llnl.gov     

参数曲面网格生成的改进波前法

采用从曲面两条边界向曲面中心推进的方法．避免了常规波前法中由于曲面角点的不良形态导致网格规划的失败和生成低质量网格．提出了一种新的节点生成方法,直接在三维空间中生成节点,然后映射到参数平面,使得在平面上进行节点及单元的合法性检查成为可能．针对从两侧推进的波前法,给出一种新的判断网格收敛的疗法．算例表明．文中方法易于实施、稳定性好,生成的网格质量高．     

Partitioning Trimmed Spline Surfaces into NonSelf-Occluding Regions for Visibility Computation

Computing the visible portions of curved surfaces from a given viewpoint is of great interest in many applications. It is closely related to the hidden surface removal problem in computer graphics, and machining applications in manufacturing. Most of the early work has focused on discrete methods based on polygonization or ray-tracing and hidden curve removal. In this paper we present an algorithm for decomposing a given surface into regions so that each region is either completely visible or hidden from a given viewpoint. Initially, it decomposes the domain of each surface based on silhouettes and boundary curves. To compute the exact visibility, we introduce a notion of visibility curves obtained by projection of silhouette and boundary curves and decomposition of the surface into nonoverlapping regions. These curves are computed using marching methods and we present techniques to compute all the components. The nonoverlapping and visible portions of the surface are represented as trimmed surfaces and we present a representation based on polygon trapezoidation algorithms. The algorithms presented use some recently developed algorithms from computational geometry like triangulation of simple polygons and point location. Given the nonoverlapping regions, we use an existing randomized algorithm for visibility computation. We also present results from a preliminary implementation of our algorithm.     

多裁剪自由曲面生成有限元网格的实现

论述了多裁剪自由曲面生成有限元曲面网格的几个关键技术.采用了推进波前法生成曲面网格,给出了核心算法;在曲面算法中运用了介于参数法与直接法之间的新方法.针对求解曲面上最优点的参数域反算问题,引入了切矢逆求方法,可使迭代次数大为降低.测试表明,该算法快速、稳定.对大型的多裁剪自由曲面生成的曲面有限元网格,可直接用于有限元计算.     

一种基于特征点识别的曲线离散化方法

提出了曲线局部特征点的概念，并根据平行线原理给出了一种快速求取特征点的算法。通过对局部特征点进行优化，得到所需的局部特征点集，实现了曲线的离散。该方法在离散过程中充分考虑了离散精度误差与逼近弦长对后续三角化质量的影响。实验结果表明，由这些特征点组成的多边形可较好地逼近曲线，算法效率较高。     

Anisotropic surface meshing with conformal embedding

This paper introduces a parameterization-based approach for anisotropic surface meshing. Given an input surface equipped with an arbitrary Riemannian metric, this method generates a metric-adapted mesh with user-specified number of vertices. In the proposed method, the edge length of the input surface is directly adjusted according to the given Riemannian metric at first. Then the adjusted surface is conformally embedded into a parametric 2D domain and a weighted Centroidal Voronoi Tessellation and its dual Delaunay triangulation are computed on the parametric domain. Finally the generated Delaunay triangulation can be mapped from the parametric domain to the original space, and the triangulation exhibits the desired anisotropic property. We compute the high-quality remeshing results for surfaces with different types of topologies and compare our method with several state-of-the-art approaches in anisotropic surface meshing by using the standard measurement criteria.     

Trimmed Surface Triangulation for Aircraft RCS Computation

1 Introduction Radar cross section(RCS)is one of the main parameters that estimate the stealth performance of aircraft. The theory of RCS is based on the scattered field created by the model subject to electromagnetic scattering, and the estimation is made through applying various kinds of computing method and technology to compute the RCS of the model under the circumstances [1]. There are two approaches to analyze RCS at present, one is testing the real model; the other is computing wit…     

裁剪后二次曲面的光线跟踪

提出了一个对裁剪后二次曲面进行光线跟踪的新方法。在该方法中引进了一个易于由世界坐标求参数的辅助参数空间，通过预处理，事先将原参数域下的边界变换到新的参数空间。这样，光线与曲面的求交仍可按二次曲面的几何参数进行，求出交点后，再将交点变换到辅助参数空间，在新的参数域中判断交点是否在裁剪过的曲面上。     

复杂地质体中多值面的网格生成算法

针对现有的网格生成算法无法处理在自然界中大量存在的多值面地质现象，基于分割－归并方法，提出一种分裂－重构算法。在生成初始约束Delaunay三角形网格之后，遵循连续折线的正负区测试准则，对网格中的局部顶点进行分裂，重构相关的三角形的点、边以及三角形的拓扑关系。实验表明，该算法能够有效地生成多值面的网格。     

裁剪面的一类参数变换

给出了一类可以保持几何与拓扑信息一致性的裁剪面的参数变换定理及其算法。首先,确定了参数变换对裁剪面表示信息的影响。然后,根据参数变换后几何与拓扑信息的一致性要求,给出了对裁剪面表示信息进行调整的方法。最后,通过建立参数变换的关系,以裁剪球面为例阐述了这类参数变换的具体实现方法。     

一种快速三维散乱点云的三角剖分算法

改进了一种三维散乱点云三角剖分算法。三角剖分是点云数据曲面重构的主要算法之一,但针对三维散乱点云的三角剖分存在剖分效率不高,剖分得到的三角曲面形状无法控制,细节特征表现不足的问题。提出了基于空间栅格划分的三角剖分算法,并提出了一个新的评价函数,以控制三角网格曲面的生长。实验证明,改进后的算法极大的提高了剖分效率,而且能保证最终生成的三角网格曲面平滑而保有丰富的细节特征,适用于在虚拟现实、曲面重构等领域推广使用。     

基于改进分水岭算法的熏烤肉图像分割

针对传统分水岭算法容易产生过度分割的问题,提出一种改进分水岭算法,并用来分割熏烤肉表面颜色。算法先对熏烤肉原始图像作滤波预处理,然后作传统分水岭变换,对产生的过度分割区域,在RGB颜色空间中进行自动种子选取及种子区域生长,最后对剩余小区域进行合并得到分割图像。实验表明,该方法减少了过度分割现象,成功地分割熏烤肉表面颜色,为之后的分析工作奠定了基础。