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阴离子捕收剂浮选一水硬铝石溶液化学机理 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用激光动电位测定一水硬铝石的等电点为pH =6 2。用阴离子捕收剂十二烷基磺酸钠和油酸钠浮选一水硬铝石 ,十二烷基磺酸钠与一水硬铝石以静电作用为主 ,并发生半胶束吸附 ,最佳浮选范围为pH <6 2 ;而油酸钠浮选一水硬铝石时为化学吸附 ,当油酸钠浓度为 1× 10 - 4 mol L时 ,一水硬铝石最佳浮选范围为pH =5~ 9。溶液化学计算得到的油酸钠浮选一水硬铝石的pH值上限和下限与试验结果一致。红外光谱分析证明油酸钠在一水硬铝石表面发生了化学吸附 相似文献
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采用羟胺法合成了特戊羟肟酸, 并研究了其对铝硅矿物的浮选行为及作用机理。单一捕收剂浮选一水硬铝石时, 特戊羟肟酸的浮选效果优于苯甲羟肟酸; 将特戊羟肟酸和油酸钠按1∶1进行复配, 浮选研究结果表明, 复配捕收剂既能提高一水硬铝石的回收率, 又能降低伊利石和高岭石的回收率, 具有更好的选择性; pH=7, 复配捕收剂浓度60 mg/L时, 一水硬铝石回收率可达86.8%。通过接触角、Zeta电位和红外光谱分析等对捕收剂与矿物表面的作用机理进行了探究, 发现油酸钠在一水硬铝石表面主要进行物理吸附, 而特戊羟肟酸主要为化学吸附, 二者复配能更有效地与一水硬铝石作用。 相似文献
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微细粒一水硬铝石与高岭石的浮选分离 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
本文叙述了应用改性硅酸钠——含铁硅酸作微细粒高岭石的选择性抑制剂,从—10微米微细粒人工混合矿中成功地用油酸钠浮选分离—水硬铝石的新方法及药剂同矿物表面的作用机理。对—10微米的—水硬铝石、高岭石混合矿(铝硅比为3.1),经一次选别得到铝硅比11.4、脱硅率84.6%、一水硬铝石回收率73%的精矿。研究表明,液态高聚合度的含铁硅酸是一种有效的改性抑制剂,加入碱性矿浆后迅速分散、吸附、羟化、水化,使吸附性能较强的高岭石受到强烈的抑制,从而实现它与一水硬铝石有效的浮选分离。 相似文献
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采用单矿物试验的方法,分别以油酸钠和十二烷基磺酸钠为捕收剂,研究了氟碳铈矿的浮选行为,并通过红外光谱研究了油酸钠和十二烷基磺酸钠对氟碳铈矿的捕收作用机理.研究结果表明,当矿浆pH=8.5、油酸钠用量为15.2mg/L时,氟碳铈矿浮选回收率为99.77%;当矿浆pH=7,十二烷基磺酸钠用量为27.2mg/L,2号油用量为14mg/L时,氟碳铈矿浮选回收率为90.00%;红外光谱分析结果表明,油酸钠在氟碳铈矿表面可能发生了化学吸附,十二烷基磺酸钠则为物理吸附. 相似文献
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以油酸钠为主要捕收剂,与苯甲羟肟酸组合使用,复配出二元组合捕收剂,再通过单矿物浮选试验考察二元组合捕收剂对一水硬铝石和高岭石两种铝硅矿物的捕收性能。通过表面张力测定和激光粒度测试,系统研究了二元组合捕收剂的浮选作用机理,旨在为我国铝土矿浮选脱硅捕收剂的开发提供理论指导。结果发现,二元组合捕收剂NaOL/BHA对一水硬铝石和高岭石伴生的铝硅酸盐矿物的浮选效果明显超过单一油酸钠捕收剂,研究的二元组合捕收剂中油酸钠与苯甲羟肟酸的最佳摩尔配比为9∶1。二元组合捕收剂溶液的表面张力随着BHA浓度的增加而下降,在较低浓度下表面张力明显下降到拐点达到稳定值,该现象表明组合捕收剂活性高,捕收性能强,拐点处对应的两种药剂摩尔配比与单矿物浮选实验得出的最佳组合摩尔比一致。二元组合捕收剂可以明显促进一水硬铝石颗粒表观粒度增大,使其形成疏水性聚团,致使浮选回收率增大,而对高岭石表观粒度几乎没有影响。 相似文献
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硅线石与捕收剂作用机理的量子化学研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用量子化学CNDO/2法计算了硅线石晶体中各离子的电荷分布以及捕收剂油酸钠、十二烷基磺酸钠和十四胺与硅线有相互作用的双原子能及吸附热.根据量子化学计算结果分析了硅线石与捕收剂的成键机理,认为油酸钠为化学吸附,十二烷基磺酸钠为物理吸附.同时预测了这三种捕收剂的捕收力:油酸钠>十四胺>十二烷基磺酸钠,这一预测结果在浮选试验中得到了证实. 相似文献
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季铵盐捕收剂对铝硅矿物的浮选行为 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
通过单矿物浮选试验、动电位测定及红外光谱分析研究了十二烷基三甲基氯化铵、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和十八烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵3种季铵盐捕收剂对铝硅矿物一水硬铝石、高岭石、叶蜡石和伊利石的浮选行为和作用机理.结果表明:在碱性条件下,以季铵盐为捕收剂可实现一水硬铝石与3种硅酸盐矿物的反浮选分离;一水硬铝石、高岭石、叶蜡石及伊利石的等电点分别为pH6.0、3.4、2.3、3.2,随着矿浆pH值提高,这些矿物的表面动电位均呈负增加;季铵盐捕收剂主要靠静电作用吸附在一水硬铝石、高岭石、叶蜡石及伊利石表面. 相似文献
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The existed collector for the flotation of diasporic bauxite in China is poor in selectivity. To look for a collector with high selectivity and strong collecting capacity on the diaspore flotation, novel 4-alkyl-4,4-bis(hydroxycarbamoyl) carboxylic acids (ABHC) including 4,4-bis(hydroxycarbamoyl) dodecanoic acid (HCDA), 4,4-bis(hydroxycarbamoyl) tetradecanoic acid (HCTA), and 4,4-bis(hydroxycarbamoyl) hexadecanoic acid (HCHA) were designed and synthesized for the beneficiation of diasporic bauxite by selective flotation. The results of flotation experiments for the single minerals showed that by using these compounds as collectors, the pulp pH value has significant influence on their collecting performance as the floatability of diaspore varies sharply with its change. The appropriate pH value for the flotation of diaspore gets close to neutral condition at which diaspore presents good floatability while kaolinite and illite exhibit poor floatabilities. HCDA, HCTA, and HCHA, especially HCDA, show good selectivity for the flotation between diaspore and aluminosilicate around pH 7. A satisfactory mass ratio of Al2O3 to SiO2 (A/S) and recovery of Al2O3 were obtained from the flotation separation of artificially mixed minerals and the flotation desilication of diasporic bauxite by using HCDA as a collector, proving that the selectivity of HCDA is better than that of the traditional collector oleate. Moreover, adsorption amount, zeta-potential, DFT calculation, XPS, and FTIR were performed to study the mechanisms. The results indicated that the adsorption of HCDA on the surface of diaspore is dominantly chemisorption in the form of three chelate rings. The oxygen atoms contained in carboxyl and hydroxycarbamoyl of the polar group have the highly negative charges and stereo conditions to form five- to eight-membered ring, resulting in the coordination of carboxyl and hydroxycarbamoyl to the metal aluminum atoms to form chelate rings. By contrast, the adsorption of HCDA on the surface of kaolinite or illite is mainly physical adsorption. 相似文献
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新型螯合剂对一水硬铝石和铝硅酸盐矿物浮选行为的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
合成了含有羧基和肟基的新型螯合捕收剂HCMT并研究其对一水硬铝石、高岭石和伊利石的浮选行为。单矿物浮选试验表明,该捕收剂对一水硬铝石、铝硅酸盐矿物的捕收能力差别较大,能有效分离一水硬铝石与铝硅酸盐矿物。通过动电位、红外光谱和电镜扫描(SEM)等研究了捕收剂对矿物的吸附机理,结果表明捕收剂在一水硬铝石表面可能是通过COOH、-NHOH与Al-O形成双环螯合物的化学吸附,而在高岭石、伊利石表面主要是物理吸附。 相似文献
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采用单矿物浮选试验、Zeta电位测量、红外光谱、荧光探针以及溶液化学分析, 研究了油酸钠作用下红柱石和石英的浮选行为及作用机理。结果表明, 在油酸钠作用下红柱石在pH值6~7范围内具有较好的可浮性, 石英可浮性较差;Fe3+能够显著提高红柱石和石英的可浮性。红柱石和石英浮选行为差异的主要原因在于红柱石表面的Al3+可化学吸附油酸根, 石英难以吸附油酸根离子, 因此以油酸钠作捕收剂可实现红柱石和石英的浮选分离。Fe3+主要以氢氧化物沉淀形式吸附于红柱石和石英表面促进油酸根在矿物表面的吸附。 相似文献
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《Minerals Engineering》2000,13(13):1361-1376
A sample of naturally occurring, relatively pure hematite (98.5% Fe2O3) was used as a model for the study of the flotation of insoluble metal oxides. The isoelectric point of this sample was 2.7 and the point of zero charge was 6.7. A number of surfactants containing saturated 12-carbon chain groups were used as collectors over a wide range in pH.The flotation of this hematite with dodecanoic acid (lauric acid) showed a maximum recovery in the pH range 6–8.5, a sudden drop at pH 9, and a steady increase in recovery as the pH was raised from 9–12. The flotation of the hematite using potassium dodecyl hydroxamate showed a maximum recovery at pH 5.5, with little flotation at pH <3. AtpH >10, the recovery fell except at high additions of collector. The flotation of hematite using sodium dodecyl sulphate showed a high recovery for pH <6, a trough in recovery between pH 7 and 9, and a secondary maximum in recovery at pH 10. Different flotation behaviour was observed when sodium dodecyl benzyl sulphonate was used. Using ARMAC C, (a commercially available dodecyl ammonium acetate), a flotation maximum was observed at pH 8, with steadily decreasing recovery as the pH was raised or lowered from this value. These results are discussed in terms of the surface chemistry of the hematite and the solution chemistry of the various collectors used. 相似文献