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农业灌溉用水量约占全国总用水量的 60%,客观测算农田灌溉用水量是落实最严格水资源制度的重要抓手,综合运用数据库管理手段实现农业用水复核工作的流程化和规范性成为迫切需求。深入剖析农田灌溉用水量客观测算的原理与方法,梳理测算业务的数据流程,基于合理的数据分类提出测算模型数据需求。分析各类数据特性及数据间的关联特性,明确数据时间尺度与存储格式,建立气象站点、种植结构与测算区域的对应关系。运用面向对象的设计思路,以冗余度小、可扩展性好为原则推求农田灌溉用水量测算模型数据库设计方案,并在汉江上游构建农田灌溉用水量测算模型数据库实例,测算结果表明:模型数据库建设可高效支撑农田灌溉用水量测算,提升测算结果汇总分析能力。 相似文献
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为了高效、直观地查看土壤的墒情以对土壤进行合理的灌溉,研究分析了目前农业信息化的发展历程,设计开发了土壤墒情监测系统;该系统基于Browser/Server(B/S)模式,用基于ARM9的水分采集器作为数据采集模块,基于XAMPP(Apache+MySQL+PHP+PERL)软件集成包设计开发了监测中心模块,GSM网络作为数据传输方式;采集到的水分数据通过GSM网络传输到监测中心mysql数据库中,监测中心对数据进行处理,将处理后的数据直观的显示在Geographic Information System(GIS)上,监测人员根据GIS地图各个市、区县显示的颜色判断干旱程度,并发布预警信息;实验数据表明,该系统能够稳定采集土壤水分数据并传输到数据库中再显示在web页面,相比Client/Server(C/S)模式简化了系统的开发、维护和使用,降低了成本,解决了传统的实地查看土壤墒情的费时费力。 相似文献
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土壤墒情预报是在土壤水分模拟模型的基础上对农田耕作层土壤水分的增长和消退程度所进行的预报.墒情预报是灌溉预报的基础,对于水资源短缺条件下农田水分的合理调控具有重要意义.墒情预报模型可以分为确定性模型与随机性模型两大类,其中确定性模型包括水量平衡模型、土壤-植物-大气连续体(SPAC)水分传输模型、SPAC水热耦合传输模型等,随机性模型包括数理统计模型(包括回归模型、时间序列模型、人工神经网络模型等)、随机水量平衡模型与随机土壤水动力学模型等.本文对各类墒情预报模型进行比较,并对其发展趋势进行了展望. 相似文献
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土壤墒情预报是在土壤水分模拟模型的基础上对农田耕作层土壤水分的增长和消退程度所进行的预报。墒情预报是灌溉预报的基础,对于水资源短缺条件下农田水分的合理调控具有重要意义。墒情预报模型可以分为确定性模型与随机性模型两大类,其中确定性模型包括水量平衡模型、土壤-植物-大气连续体(SPAC)水分传输模型、SPAC水热耦合传输模型等,随机性模型包括数理统计模型(包括回归模型、时间序列模型、人工神经网络模型等)、随机水量平衡模型与随机土壤水动力学模型等。本对各类墒情预报模型进行比较,并对其发展趋势进行了展望。 相似文献
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为解决传统人工灌溉用水造成的不必要浪费和节水控制系统现场布线复杂的问题,针对土壤湿度环境非线性无法建立精确数学模型的特定,设计了一种基于ZigBee无线网络和LabView仿真平台的节水监控系统.系统基于ZigBee无线网络对各节点信息进行监控,下位机的数据采集系统,实现对土壤的含水率进行自动检测,通过接收上位机的指令变频控制恒压供水工作站.上位机由虚拟化设计平台LabView设计,通过模糊控制决策支持系统将作物的需水规律的各方面特征有机结合起来,对灌溉水量进行指导,真正实现用水的精细管理和合理科学化灌溉. 相似文献
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基于FDR原理的自动灌溉系统设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用土壤的介电特性测量土壤含水量是一种快速、简便、可靠的方法。根据频域反射(FDR)法测量原理,电磁波在土壤中的传播频率可用来测试土壤的介电常数,从而得到土壤容积含水率,设计出了一种基于FDR原理的自动灌溉系统,介绍了FDR测量原理,阐述了自动灌溉系统的软硬件构成,土壤水分传感器测得的土壤水分含量信息,经信号处理,输出为0~5V电压信号,经A/D转换送至AT89S52单片机进行判断处理,根据输出数值的大小控制电磁阀的通断时间,从而实现自动灌溉和节水灌溉的目的。试验表明:该系统工作稳定,控制准确,反应灵敏,满足自动灌溉要求。 相似文献
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陈天树 《电脑编程技巧与维护》2024,(1):72-74+103
针对传统农业生产过程费时费力、产量不高的现状,以及国家高标准农田建设的需求,设计了一套基于ZigBee无线通信技术的农田土壤墒情监测、环境气象监测及自动水肥灌溉的信息化系统。该系统主要由土壤墒情监测、空气温湿度检测、光照强度检测、CO2浓度检测等传感器,CC2530组网模块,ARM嵌入式Linux服务器,远程客户端组成,其实现方式灵活,便于在农田中进行系统的建设,且建设成本低,模块式设计降低了后期维护成本。 相似文献
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S. Shaw 《Journal of Computer Assisted Learning》1993,9(2):93-99
Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained. 相似文献
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European Community policy and the market 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
C. Lloyd 《Journal of Computer Assisted Learning》1993,9(2):86-91
Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven. 相似文献
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融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。 相似文献
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Wayne O’Brien Author Vitae 《Journal of Systems and Software》2008,81(11):1997-2013
Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them. 相似文献
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This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives. 相似文献
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潘丽 《自动化与仪器仪表》2014,(7):80-82
自然界的绝大部分信号都是以模拟的形式存在,因此模拟信号的采集转换存储在数字时代十分关键。文章讨论了在雷达信号处理领域基于AD9626的AD采集存储卡的设计原理、硬件结构和程序设计与芯片配置等问题,为今后相关领域的研究提供了可参考的方案。 相似文献
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Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what
is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic
sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and
its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of
an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify
robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can
or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest.
This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January
31–February 2, 2008 相似文献
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张涛 《计算机测量与控制》2015,23(1):86-89
为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值. 相似文献
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Jacob Palme 《Software》1979,9(9):741-747
The COM teleconferencing system was designed to be easy to use for both beginners and people with much computer experience. A number of design choices in organizing the human-computer interface were considered very carefully. These design problems are not unique for teleconferencing applications, but will appear in many other developments of human-computer interfaces for non-computer specialists. This report discusses naming conventions, menu format, user commands, help facility and the treatment of ‘type ahead’ from the users. 相似文献