Al—Si系合金制备工艺与微观组织的关系

分别采用双级雾化、超音气体雾化、喷射沉积和金属型铸造等工艺制备了Ａｌ－２０Ｓｉ和２０２４－２０Ｓｉ－５Ｆｅ 合金。利用ＸＲＤ、ＴＥＭ 和ＳＥＭ 测试技术分析了制备工艺对合金相组成、α－Ａｌ相晶格常数和固溶度的影响。结果表明：当制备工艺的冷却速度达到１０３ Ｋ／ｓ 以上时,β－（Ｆｅ２Ｓｉ２Ａｌ９）、ＣｕＡｌ２ 和Ｍｇ２Ｓｉ相的析出得到有效抑制;第二相随制备工艺的冷却速度增大而细化,α－Ａｌ相的晶格常数减小;Ａｌ－２０Ｓｉ合金中硅元素在α－Ａｌ中的最大固溶度高达３．２０９％ 。     

Cu-Al-Mn合金脱合金腐蚀现象的研究

采用电子探针技术研究了Cu-Al-Mn合金脱合金腐蚀现象及其产物，结果表明．Cu-Al-Mn合金中亚稳β相含销量较高．优先发生脱铝腐蚀．并沿着亚稳β相不断扩展，待亚稳β相完全被腐蚀后，腐蚀向α相扩展．腐蚀产物中含有铝元素、氯元素及氧元素。腐蚀初期．因亚稳β相脱铝而使该区成为贫铝富铜区；腐蚀后期，亚稳β相被完全腐蚀而使该区成为富销的产物区。     

QA19—2合金脱铝腐蚀的TEM研究

针对QA19－2合金在海洋环境中亚稳β相优先脱铝腐蚀的问题，利用TEM，EDX以及XRD分析，对其发生脱铝和未发生脱铝的区域进行了细致的研究。结果表明，QA19－2合金的脱铝腐蚀与亚稳β1相的马氏体相变有关，腐蚀优先发生在相变产物片状β′、相区，β′1马氏体相的优先腐蚀是由有序的DO3结构及其内部存在的大量层错造成的。同时在TEM下观察到脱铝腐蚀形成的小孔及高含铝量的细小腐蚀产物。     

快速凝固Al—20Si—5Fe合金的退火组织变化

利用ＸＲＤ、ＤＳＣ以及ＴＥＭ方法研究了快速凝固Ａｌ－２０Ｓｉ－５Ｆｅ合金退火态的微观组织、弥散相结构和相转变。结果表明,快凝Ａｌ－２０Ｓｉ－５Ｆｅ合金组织中存在两种弥散相,δ－Ａｌ４ＦｅＳｉ２和初生Ｓｉ相,退火温度低于３１０℃时,δ－Ａｌ４ＦｅＳｉ２相未明显粗化;当退火温度高于３１０℃时,亚稳相δ－Ａｌ４ＦｅＳｉ２转变成稳定相β－Ａｌ５ＦｅＳｉ,β－Ａｌ５ＦｅＳｉ相随退火温度的提高而明显粗化。高温     

Fe—Mn─Al合金的腐蚀性能与钝化膜的研究

应用阳极极化及ＡＥＳ／ＸＰＳ技术,研究了Ｆｅ－３０．８Ｍｎ－８．２Ａｌ奥氏体合金在ｐＨ值为－０．８至１５．３的水溶液中的腐蚀性能,并与Ｆｅ－３０Ｍｎ合金、低碳钢、９％Ｎｉ低温钢及１Ｃｒ１３不锈钢进行对比。在所测试的水溶液中,该合金的腐蚀抗力优于低碳钢和Ｆｅ－３０Ｍｎ合金,与９％Ｎｉ钢相当,但不及１Ｃｒ１３不锈钢。Ｆｅ－３０．８Ｍｎ－８．２Ａｌ合金在１ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａ２ＳＯ个中形成的钝化膜的最表层可能为氢氧化物,而膜的主体由Ｆｅ２Ｏ３、Ｍｎ２Ｏ３及Ａｌ２Ｏ３组成。     

Ti－1023合金拉伸试验的电镜原位观察

用扫描电镜和透射电镜原位观测了Ｔｉ－１０Ｖ－２Ｆｅ－３Ａｌ合金经固溶处理获得亚稳定β相后在拉伸过程中α″相的形成、长大及裂纹的萌生与扩展，以及最终断裂过程．并采用ＤＩＣ金相方法方便地区分滑移线和α″相．     

Ti－1023合金拉伸试验的电镜原位观察SCIEI

用扫描电镜和透射电镜原位观测了Ｔｉ－１０Ｖ－２Ｆｅ－３Ａｌ合金经固溶处理获得亚稳定β相后在拉伸过程中α″相的形成、长大及裂纹的萌生与扩展，以及最终断裂过程．并采用ＤＩＣ金相方法方便地区分滑移线和α″相．     

扫描隧道显微镜研究Cu—Zn—Al合金中贝氏体及其浮突

用扫描隧道显微镜（ＳＴＭ）在大气中研究了Ｃｕ－２７．２Ｚｎ－４．７Ａｌ合金中贝氏体的精细结构及浮突形态。在浮突和腐蚀后的组织上都发现，Ｃｕ－Ｚｎ－Ａｌ合金中的贝氏体确是由亚片条和亚单元所组成。进而为贝氏体相变机制的深入研究提供了重要实验基础，在此基础上给出了Ｃｕ－Ｚｎ－Ａｌ合金中贝氏体的结构模型。     

扫描隧道显微镜研究Cu－Zn－Al合金中贝氏体及其浮突

用扫描隧道显微镜（ＳＴＭ）在大气中研究了Ｃｕ－２７．２Ｚｎ－４．７Ａｌ合金中贝氏体的精细结构及浮突形态。在浮突和腐蚀后的组织上都发现，Ｃｕ－Ｚｎ－Ａｌ合金中的贝氏体确是由亚片条和亚单元所组成，进而为贝氏体相变机制的深入研究提供了重要实验基础。在此基础上给出了Ｃｕ－Ｚｎ－Ａｌ合金中贝氏体的结构模型。     

铝,硅共渗提高γ／γ′—α—Mo定向共晶合金抗氧…

用ＸＲＤ、ＥＰＭＡ、ＳＥＭ、天平等分析手段，对γ／γ′－α－Ｍｏ定向共晶合金共渗Ａｌ、Ｓｉ前后、氧化前后的金相组织、相组成、氧化产物等进行了分析。对实验结果进行了讨论。采用粉末包埋Ａｌ、Ｓｉ共渗方法，在γ／γ′－αＭｏ定向共晶合金表面可形成抗氧化ＮｉＡｌ、Ｍｏ（Ａｌ、Ｓｉ）２相。在１０００℃、１１００℃空气中氧化时，Ｍｏ（Ａｌ，Ｓｉ）２相由氧化前的纤维状向不连续的、弥散的颗粒状转变，进一步提高了合     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.