辽西低凸起与辽中凹陷油气成藏期次的异同

为了准确认识油气藏形成和分布规律,在运用泥岩声波时差法和地层趋势外推法确定古近纪末期剥蚀量的前提下,综合生烃史、流体包裹体均-温度、热史、埋藏史、原油性质、储层温压特征等因素探讨了辽西低凸起和辽中凹陷的油气成藏期次.研究表明剥蚀量整体处于150～450 m范围;辽西低凸起和辽中凹陷区的油气均为晚期成藏,均是12 Ma以来甚至更晚才有油气充注;不同在于辽西低凸起上的沙河街组油气为两期充注,后一期充注为主,潜山的油气充注晚于沙河街组;而辽中凹陷的油气为一期充注.     

准噶尔盆地西北缘车排子凸起上、下层系原油的地球化学特征差异及其意义

根据原油物性、化学组成、生物标志化合物以及稳定碳同位素等特征,将准噶尔盆地车排子地区各层系的原油划分为2组:一组是储集在侏罗系及以下层系的原油(下层系原油),另一组是储集在白垩系及以上层系的原油(上层系原油).同一组原油的物理和化学特征相似,而不同组的原油则相差较大.下层系原油为同一来源,来自二叠系烃源岩;上层系原油亦为同一来源,主要来自侏罗系.利用含氮化合物分布特征对该区进行油源划分和对比的结果与用密度、粘度、原油族组成和生物标志化合物等参数所得到的结果完全吻合,可见含氮化合物也可以用于原油类型划分和油源对比方面的研究.最后建立了车排子凸起的油气成藏模式:车排子凸起紧邻凹陷,油源条件充足;构造位置有利,是油气运移的优势指向区;该区发育的众多断层和不整合面,为油气的运移提供了良好的通道.油气沿断裂垂向运移时遇到不整合面则发生侧向运移,从而在空间上构成"Z"字形或呈阶梯状的运移路线,最终形成油藏类型多、含油层系多的成藏面貌.     

平岗—辽源盆地烃源岩特征及生烃史

如今辽源盆地初期勘探阶段紧要面对的问题有三:其一为复杂残留断陷盆地烃源岩层位、品质不清;其二为烃源岩的平面展布及生烃潜力尚未明确;其三为烃源岩生烃史尚不明确。研究表明:平岗—辽源盆地存在3套烃源岩,通过进一步分析烃源岩丰度、成熟度、有机质确定了各套烃源岩的品质、平面展布及生烃潜力,烃源岩整体较好且长安组一段最优,长安组三段次之,久大组最末;辽源坳陷烃源岩优于平岗坳陷;热史揭示3套烃源岩成熟度稍有差异,长安组三段和长安组一段均达到低熟—成熟演化阶段,久大组已为高成熟—过成熟演化阶段,长安组三段和长安组一段在泉头组沉积时期进入生烃门限,久大组在长安组沉积时期进入生烃门限。对研究区内新钻探两口地质井进行岩性观测和系统取样,并结合辽1井与15口煤田井钻井数据、地震资料的分析,明确烃源岩品质及对烃源岩深入评价,为平岗—辽源盆地下一步油气勘探打下坚实的地质基础。     

北塘凹陷古近系烃源岩特征及热演化史模拟

根据大量的烃源岩地球化学数据,分析了北塘凹陷古近系烃源岩的地球化学特征,从有机碳含量(TOC)、氯仿沥青"A"、总烃含量、S1+S2、有机质类型和成熟度(R0)等方面对古近系烃源岩进行了系统分析,结果表明北塘凹陷东三段、沙一段和沙三段是本区的烃源岩层段,其中沙三段烃源岩生烃指标最好,是本区的主力烃源岩层段.烃源岩的模拟结果表明:(1)北塘凹陷的烃源岩门限深度为2 390m,门限温度为94.2℃,进入生烃门限的时间约为25～28Ma ;(2)北塘凹陷沙三段的现今地层温度为140～160℃,R0达0.9%～1.4%,正处于生油高峰期;沙一、二段的现今地层温度为100～140℃,R0达到了0.75%～1.0%左右,已进入中等成熟阶段;东营组的现今地层温度为80～100℃,R0为0.45%～0.75%,处于低-中等成熟阶段.     

柳河盆地鹰嘴砬子组烃源岩地球化学特征及意义

随着吉林油田外围盆地勘探进程,逐步发现柳河盆地有很大勘探潜力。为了探究柳河盆地主力生油层位,研究以柳地1井、柳地2井岩心为对象进行了岩石热解、TOC分析、干酪根镜检、饱和烃气相色谱和饱和烃色谱—质谱分析等实验,评价了鹰嘴砬子组烃源岩生烃潜力。结果表明:鹰嘴砬子组烃源岩有机质丰度中等,类型为Ⅰ-Ⅱ型干酪根,成熟度处于成熟—过成熟阶段;饱和烃正构烷烃以低碳数为主,规则甾烷C_(27)-C_(28)-C_(29)整体呈现"L"型分布,母质来源主要为水生生物贡献,夹杂少量陆源高等植物贡献;T_s/T_m、姥鲛烷植烷比值反映沉积环境主要为弱还原环境。综合评价鹰嘴砬子组烃源岩有良好的生油气潜力,可能为柳河盆地主力生油层位,有一定勘探价值。     

根据构造脊和地球化学指标研究油气运移路径:以东濮凹陷濮卫地区为例

以往关于油气运移路径的认识,多是基于微观尺度上的物理模拟实验,或是利用计算机模拟进行的,而对油气运聚单元尺度的油气运移路径的确定研究还相对较少.以东濮凹陷濮卫地区为例,从砂体和断层要素研究出发,分析油气的优势运移通道,结合生烃灶和油气的分布,对优势运移通道的有效性进行评价,进一步结合含氮化合物指标,识别实际发生油气运移的路径.研究表明,构造脊分析与地球化学指标追踪相结合可以较准确地识别油气运移路径,砂体顶面构造脊和断层断面脊是油气运移的优势通道,其能否成为运移路径,以及作为运移路径运载量的多少则取决于生烃灶总烃量.濮卫地区油气沿断面脊纵向运移为主,洼陷内部和濮城构造东翼斜坡带沿砂体顶面构造脊的横向运移次之,含氮化合物指标分析表明该区大多数构造脊均为实际的油气运移路径.     

四川盆地海相地层烃源岩特征

震旦纪至中三叠世四川盆地发育海相地层,共发育5套区域性烃源岩:上震旦统陡山沱组、下寒武统筇竹寺组、下志留统龙马溪组都发育泥质岩烃源岩,中二叠统栖霞组和上二叠统吴家坪组则为泥质岩和碳酸盐岩2种类型的烃源岩.研究发现:陡山沱组生烃中心位于重庆涪陵地区,筇竹寺组生烃中心位于成都-自贡地区,龙马溪组以万县地区和泸州-綦江地区为主要生烃中心,栖霞组具有成都-资阳、广元-仪陇、万县3个生烃中心,吴家坪组以万县-巫山地区为主要生烃中心;同时资料显示,盆地烃源岩总体热演化成熟度较高,成熟至过成熟阶段,其生烃强度主要由有机碳丰度和烃源岩厚度决定.二级层序海平面上升期有利于区域性烃源岩形成,沉积环境控制着烃源岩的岩石类型、有机质类型和有机质丰度,构造运动则影响着烃源岩发育范围和后期有机质成熟度演化.     

双阳盆地三叠系煤系泥岩烃源岩特征与页岩气勘探潜力

双阳盆地三叠系发育一套河流-湖沼相的含煤地层,发育煤系烃源岩,构成一套有勘探价值的层系。为了研究双阳盆地三叠系煤系泥岩烃源岩特征与页岩气勘探潜力,在双阳盆地的双参1井和野外露头,采集了上三叠统的煤系泥岩、炭质泥岩和煤三种类型的烃源岩样品,进行了暗色泥岩、碳质泥岩以及煤的有机丰度、类型、成熟度和岩石学特征研究。结果表明:双阳盆地三叠系烃源岩有机质丰度达到中等烃源岩有机丰度水平,有机质类型主要是Ⅲ型,烃源岩处于成熟—高成熟阶段,岩层脆性较高,可以作为页岩气储层。总之,双阳盆地三叠系煤系烃源岩具有一定生烃潜力,而且可以成为页岩气储层,具有良好的含油气远景。     

柴达木盆地德令哈拗陷中侏罗统烃源岩有机地球化学特征

柴达木盆地德令哈拗陷中侏罗统广泛发育,是该区主要的烃源岩层系.野外地质调查及有机地球化学分析表明,中侏罗统烃源岩主要以油页岩、泥岩、碳质泥岩和煤为主.油页岩有机碳的质量分数平均为7.95%,有机质类型属Ⅰ-Ⅱ型,为好生油岩;泥岩的有机质丰度交化大,但80%以上的样品有机碳的质量分数大于1%,65%样品的有机碳的质量分数达1.5%以上,有机质类型为Ⅱ-Ⅲ1型,综合评价为差-中等烃源岩;碳质泥岩有机碳的质量分数平均为10.89%,有机质类型为Ⅲ1-Ⅲ2型,综合评价为差烃源岩;煤岩最差,属非-差烃源岩.露头剖面烃源岩有机质大多处在未熟-低熟阶段,少量处于成熟阶段,推断拗陷内烃源岩有机质成熟度相对较高,正处于生、排烃高蜂期.烃类化合物组成及分布表明,中侏罗统属淡水沉积环境,拗陷内发育较深湖-深湖相优质烃源岩.     

东营凹陷南斜坡沙四上亚段成藏规律研究

根据通过岩心观察、薄片鉴定、测井资料、录井资料、对沉积相进行了划分,确定了砂体展布特征及有利储层分布。通过对地球化学的分析,明确成藏要素及油气运移、富集规律。研究表明研究区的主要有利储集体为滩坝砂体,储集空间主要为次生孔隙;油气主要来自凹陷内部的沙四段的烃源岩;油气在运移过程中,存在2条优势运移路径,主要以阶梯型和裂隙型输导体系为主。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.