等离子喷涂沉积WC-10Co4Cr涂层的脱碳机制与腐蚀摩擦学特性

为提高不锈钢摩擦副在腐蚀环境中的服役寿命,利用等离子喷涂技术制备了WC-10Co4Cr涂层,研究了涂层的物相结构、腐蚀摩擦学特性与电化学特性。研究表明,等离子喷涂WC-10Co4Cr涂层中的WC脱碳产生少量W_2C、W以及η相,当喷涂电流为650A,电压为56V时,涂层孔隙率低、致密性好。涂层在中性溶液中的摩擦系数为0.3387~0.3682,呈现伴随(WC、W_2C)-CoCr电偶腐蚀的磨料磨损;在酸性溶液中摩擦系数为0.3224~0.3981,表现为CoCr相的点蚀磨损。等离子喷涂的WC-10Co4Cr涂层增强了1Cr18Ni9Ti基体的耐腐蚀能力,基体在3.5%NaCl溶液中腐蚀电位由-617mV提高到-335~-290mV;在酸溶液中将基体的腐蚀电位由-502mV提高到-206~-179mV。     

超音速喷涂复合WC基金属陶瓷涂层的性能

采用超音速火焰喷涂技术和等离子喷涂技术在活塞杆用316L不锈钢基体上制备了WC-12Co (WC)/NiCr双重涂层,并制备传统等离子喷涂Al₂O₃-13TiO₂(AT13)涂层作为对照。通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微维氏硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机、电化学工作站等设备对涂层的性能进行了研究和对比。结果表明,各涂层界面界限清晰,结合性良好,WC涂层的显微硬度为1363 HV0.3,是AT13涂层的1.8倍。在60 min往复摩擦磨损试验条件下,AT13涂层的体积磨损率为WC涂层的4.42倍,WC涂层磨损机制主要表现为磨粒磨损。在3.5%NaCl溶液中,WC涂层和AT13涂层的自腐蚀电位均低于316L不锈钢基体,避免了电偶效应对基体的优先腐蚀,并且AT13涂层的自腐蚀电流密度最大,其次是316L不锈钢基体,WC涂层的自腐蚀电流密度最小,仅为基体的0.57倍。     

超音速火焰喷涂工艺对涂层耐磨性能的影响

采用起音速火焰喷涂工艺在Q235B基体上制备Co-Cr-WC涂层;利用MMW-1立式万能摩擦磨损试验机对涂层耐磨性能进行检测,并与Cr12模具钢试盘整体淬火、45钢试盘表面电孤喷涂70钢涂层、45钢试盘表面电孤喷涂1mm厚的3Cr13马氏体不锈钢涂层3种试样进行对比;利用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜对涂层磨痕进行观察.试...     

2Cr13钢PVC挤出模冷喷涂修复涂层的性能

为修复PVC挤出机失效模具,采用低压冷喷涂技术在2Cr13钢表面制备Cu-Al₂O₃涂层。通过模拟涂层粒子的成形过程,发现越靠近基体的涂层内能越高,结合效果越好。同时为保证修复模具的耐磨、耐蚀性能,对涂层进行打磨抛光,对比不同厚度涂层的性能。用扫描电镜(SEM)观察涂层形貌,用浸泡法与盐雾腐蚀试验分析涂层的耐蚀性能,用静态压痕法测试涂层硬度,用摩擦磨损试验机测试涂层耐磨性能。结果显示：涂层质地均匀,孔隙率随着与结合面距离的提升而增大;涂层的耐HCl腐蚀性优于基体2Cr13钢,盐雾试验中涂层发生明显腐蚀,有AlCl₃与CuO产物生成;涂层位置越靠近结合处,其硬度越高、加工硬化效应越明显,与硬质合金摩擦时的磨损量越小,耐磨性逐步提高。当打磨后的涂层厚度为1 mm时,涂层的耐磨性最好,可以有效修复挤出机模具。     

冷喷涂纯铝涂层耐腐蚀性能研究

目的研究冷喷涂纯铝涂层耐中性盐雾腐蚀性能,为冷喷涂技术在海洋大气防腐环境中的应用提供理论依据。方法采用冷喷涂技术在30Cr Mn Si A钢基体上制备纯铝涂层,利用金相组织分析、XRD衍射分析、电化学测试、中性盐雾试验等技术方法,考察冷喷涂涂层试样的耐腐蚀性能及其影响因素。结果冷喷涂涂层十分致密,随着喷涂温度和压力的不断提高,涂层的致密度不断增加,在喷涂温度为500℃、喷涂压力为1.2 MPa、喷涂距离为25 mm及工作气体为氮气的工艺条件下,纯Al涂层的孔隙率为0.5%,涂层中无氧化物存在,能够有效隔绝腐蚀介质和基体,为基体提供物理腐蚀防护。纯Al涂层的腐蚀速率为4.935×10?7 A/cm2,并作为阳极为基体提供电化学腐蚀防护,中性盐雾试验1440 h后无腐蚀。腐蚀形貌分析表明,在表面钝化膜防护及腐蚀产物的封闭作用下,冷喷涂纯铝涂层具有优异的耐腐蚀性能,虽然发生一定腐蚀,但腐蚀速率较小,表面质量良好,可以作为长效防腐涂层。结论冷喷涂纯铝涂层具有优异的耐腐蚀性能,可以为钢铁材料提供长效效防护。     

304不锈钢表面冷喷涂TC4钛合金涂层性能研究

采用冷喷涂技术在304不锈钢表面制备了TC4钛合金涂层,通过扫描电子显微镜观察了涂层的形貌、组织结构,并利用电化学方法研究了涂层的腐蚀电化学特征。研究结果表明,冷喷涂制备的TC4钛合金涂层致密性存在较为明显的梯度现象,靠近基体的涂层密度明显高于表面;涂层喷涂过程没有出现明显氧化现象,与基体的结合强度可达20 MPa左右;涂层的耐腐蚀性能优于304不锈钢,可大大提升不锈钢材料在海洋环境中的耐点蚀性能。     

等离子喷涂Fe基合金涂层的耐蚀性

Fe基合金(含Cr、Ni、B、Si 等)作为喷涂粉末,采用等离子喷涂法在Q235钢基体上制备了厚度约为200 μm的Fe基合金涂层.用盐雾腐蚀方法检测了Fe基合金涂层和对比材料1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢的耐腐蚀性能,用扫描电镜(SEM)、光学显微镜(OM)、体视显微镜对腐蚀前后试样的表面形貌进行了观察和分析;对Fe基合金涂层与不锈钢试样的盐雾腐蚀质量损失进行了测量.盐雾腐蚀试验结果表明,Fe基合金涂层的耐腐蚀性明显优于1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢.前者主要为孔蚀,后者为晶间腐蚀和孔蚀.经封孔的Fe基合金涂层较未封孔的Fe基合金涂层的耐腐蚀性能显著提高.     

矿用碳钢罐道表面超音速喷涂不锈钢涂层研究

本文研究了在碳钢罐道表面超音速喷涂不锈钢涂层的腐蚀磨损性能和腐蚀行为。对超音速喷涂不锈钢涂层在3种极端煤矿地下水环境下的腐蚀规律、界面腐蚀特征和腐蚀产物进行了实验,对不同载荷下磨损规律、摩擦系数变化规律和磨损表面形貌进行了观察。实验结果表明,超音速喷涂不锈钢涂层的摩擦系数随着加载载荷的增加而减小,其磨损速率比碳钢罐道降低10倍以上,不锈钢涂层表面磨损失效主要为轻微的粘着磨损;不锈钢涂层的腐蚀电位较碳钢基体上升300mv;不锈钢涂层在5％NaCl和pH2．97矿井水的强腐蚀性环境下的界面腐蚀主要为浓差腐蚀,在pH6．97和pH9．98矿井水的弱腐蚀环境下的界面腐蚀主要是电荷传质腐蚀;XRD结果显示超音速喷涂不锈钢涂层和不锈钢喷涂材料的物相主要为γ-（Fe,Ni）、γ-（Fe,Cr）,合金元素烧损较少。     

活性燃烧高速燃气喷涂WC-CoCr涂层的微观组织及性能

利用活性燃烧高速燃气(AC-HVAF)喷涂技术在0Cr13Ni5Mo不锈钢表面制备了WC-CoCr涂层,并利用XRD、SEM、滑动磨损以及电化学试验分析了涂层的微观组织以及耐磨耐蚀性.结果表明,涂层具有优异的微观结构以及良好的耐磨耐蚀性.XRD分析未发现其他喷涂技术普遍存在的W2C以及W相,AC-HAVF喷涂技术可以有效抑制WC的分解;涂层致密且与基体结合良好,孔隙率仅为0.75%.滑动磨损试验表明,涂层具有很低的磨损率.其主要原因为涂层硬度极高、WC颗粒细小和没有W2C相.电化学试验表明,WC-CoCr涂层的耐蚀性优于基体0Cr13Ni5Mo不锈钢,Cr的加入、W的缺少以及孔隙率低是WC-CoCr涂层耐蚀性优异的重要原因.     

高熔点金属电弧喷涂快速制模涂层变形控制研究

采用ZnAl合金作为打底层材料,通过喷涂前对基体进行预热以及在喷涂过程中对基体和涂层进行温度控制,降低喷涂过程中涂层的温度梯度,达到减小涂层内残留热应力,减小甚至消除涂层的变形,得到较厚的3Cr13不锈钢涂层。该方法可用于制造高硬度金属电弧喷涂模具,为汽车样车试制和小批量生产服务。     

Application of polyaniline to galvanic anodic protection on stainless steel in H2SO4 solutions

A stand-alone polyaniline (PANI) film electrode was made and then applied to protect 1Cr13 stainless steel (a type of stainless steel typically used in China, 0–15% C, 13% Cr) from corrosion in highly acidic solution, up to 5 M H₂SO₄. The stand-alone PANI electrode and 1Cr13 were coupled to study their galvanic interactions. PANI is a cathode while 1Cr13 is an anodic. The results indicate that PANI with a certain area can quickly passivate the stainless steel and effectively maintain the steady passive state for a long period of time. This specific method of PANI preventing 1Cr13 from corrosion is called galvanic anodic protection (GAP). Moreover, the efficiency, mechanism, and security of GAP were discussed. The results demonstrate that the stand-alone PANI electrode may have a potential application to galvanic anodic protection on stainless steel in highly corrosive H₂SO₄ solutions.     

模拟宫腔液中铜与不锈钢的电偶腐蚀

ＶＣｕ宫内节育器中，纯铜丝与不锈钢中心丝相互偶合。为了了解这种条件下发生的电偶腐蚀，在模拟宫腔液中进行了实验研究。这时铜是阳极，不锈钢是阴极，电偶过程受阴极过程控制。铜与不锈钢偶合反的腐蚀增量随介质ｐＨ的降低而变大。如果不锈钢表面预先活化，与铜偶合时的极性相反，铜成为阴极得到保护，而不锈钢作为阳极加速了腐蚀。随着不锈钢表面的钝化、电位朝正方向移动，然后回复到通常的电偶腐蚀行为。     

Electrochemical behavior of thermally sprayed stainless steel coatings in 3.4% NaCl solution

Four types of stainless steel coatings prepared by a high velocity oxy-fuel spraying system (HVOF) were studied. Differences among coated steels were related to the spraying parameters, which influenced the behavior of the samples against the corrosion. The electrochemical behavior of the stainless steel coatings was strongly influenced by porosity, the presence of micro- and macro-cracks, and also of un-melted particles. Once the electrolyte reached the steel substrate via these defects, the galvanic pair formed between the coating and substrate-accelerated corrosion, leading to the depletion of the coating.     

Microstructure and properties of AC-HVAF sprayed Ni60/WC composite coating

A Ni60/WC coating was deposited on 0Cr13Ni5Mo stainless steel substrate by the actived combustion-high velocity air fuel (AC-HVAF) technique. The structure and morphologies of the Ni60/WC coating were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the wear resistance and corrosion resistance were studied. The results showed that the AC-HVAF spraying was seen as the pre-eminent process for the deposition of Ni60/WC coating. Due to low particle heating and high particle velocity in the HVAF process, WC phase remain almost unchanged after spraying. The tribological behaviors were evaluated by using a HT-600 wear test rig. Under the same conditions, the worn volume of 0Cr13Ni5Mo stainless steel was 10.43 times more than that of the coating. The wear mechanism was mainly fatigue wear. A series of the electrochemical tests was carried out in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution in order to examine the corrosion behavior. Mechanisms for corrosion resistance were discussed.     

CORROSION OF 1Cr13 STAINLESS STEEL IN SOILS

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不锈钢包钢在红壤中的电偶腐蚀行为

通过失重法、电化学方法研究了不锈钢包钢在红壤中的电偶腐蚀行为,采用SEM、XRD观察分析试样的表面形貌及腐蚀产物。结果表明:不锈钢-碳钢电偶对的形成加速了阳极金属材料的腐蚀,随着电偶对阴阳极面积比的增加,电偶电流逐渐增大;不锈钢在浸泡45d后基本没有发生腐蚀,而碳钢则发生了极严重的全面腐蚀,腐蚀产物主要为铁的氧化物。     

AC-HVAF喷涂Ni60/WC复合涂层组织及性能研究

利用活性燃烧高速燃气(AC-HAVF)喷涂技术在0Cr13Ni5Mo不锈钢上制备了Ni60/WC复合涂层,研究了其微观组织及耐磨耐蚀性能.结果表明:涂层主要由Fe-Ni固溶体以及Cr0.19Fe0.7Ni0.11,WC,M6C(Ni2W4C或Fe3W3C),Cr26C3,CrB2等相组成;涂层与基体结合很好,涂层的孔隙率约为2.5%;WC,M6C,Cr26G3,CrB2等硬质相弥散分布于涂层中,部分区域硬质相达到了200～800 nm;涂层硬度分布不均匀,平均硬度为685HV;涂层具有优异的耐磨耐蚀性,其磨损体积是0Cr13Ni5Mo不锈钢的1/8.8,平均腐蚀速度是0Cr13Ni5Mo不锈钢的1/2;涂层的磨损机理以疲劳磨损为主,弥散分布的硬质相是涂层硬度以及耐磨性提高的主要因素.     

1Cr18Mn14N不锈钢在HCl溶液中的空蚀行为

利用磁致伸缩空蚀实验机研究了1Cr18Mn14N不锈钢在HCl溶液中的空蚀行为，利用扫描电镜(SEM)跟踪观察了试样表面的空蚀形貌，测量了静态和空蚀条件下的极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)，分析了腐蚀和氢对空蚀损伤的影响,结果表明：在0．1mol／LHCl溶液中，加工硬化能力高的1Cr18Mn14N不锈钢的抗空蚀性能优于水轮机常规用材0Cr13Ni5Mo；当盐酸浓度增大为0．5mol／L时，阳极溶解和氢的共同作用促进1Cr18Mn14N不锈钢表面裂纹的形核和失稳扩展，裂纹扩展、连接引起材料大量脱落，使1Cr18Mn14N不锈钢的抗空蚀性能大大劣化，反而不如0Cr13Ni5Mo不锈钢．     

1Cr18Mn14N双相不锈钢在腐蚀介质中的抗空蚀性能

利用磁致伸缩空蚀实验机研究了1Cr18Mn14N双相不锈钢在3%NaCl和05 mol/L HCl溶液中的空蚀行为.结果表明：在3%NaCl溶液中，低硬度的Cr18Mn14N双相不锈钢的抗空蚀性能优于高硬度的水轮机常规用材0Cr13Ni5Mo.1Cr18Mn14N双相不锈钢的空蚀破坏首先在铁素体相发生，铁素体相的失效方式为脆性失效，而奥氏体相是延性失效.奥氏体相区由滑移和孪生引起的塑性变形耗散了空泡溃灭产生的冲击能量，从而提高1Cr18Mn14N双相不锈钢的抗空蚀性能.在05 mol/L HCl溶液中，1Cr18Mn14N的抗空蚀性能不如0Cr13Ni5Mo，结果与3%NaCl溶液中的正好相反，这是由于阳极溶解和氢共同作用的结果.     

Galvanic corrosion of bare and coated Al alloys coupled to stainless steel 304 or Ti-6Al-4V

The galvanic corrosion behavior of Al alloys 7075, 6061, 2024, bare or coated with the chemical conversion coating Alodine 600, coupled to stainless steel 304 or Ti-6Al-4V and immersed in aerated 3·5%NaCl solution, has been studied by continuous measurements of the galvanic current using a zero impedance ammeter and by weight loss measurements. Comparison of weight loss measurements for bare and coated uncoupled Al alloys shows that good corrosion protection is provided by the conversion coating. Data from weight loss and galvanic current measurements show that corrosion protection is also provided when coated Al alloys are coupled to stainless steel 304 or Ti-6Al-4V. Examination of potentiostatic polarization curves for the metals studied in 3·5%NaCl solution explains the protective action of the coating and also the higher dissolution rates of Al alloys coupled to stainless steel 304 instead of Ti-6Al-4V. Differences between dissolution rates calculated from galvanic current data and weight loss data are explained by theoretical considerations published recently by the authors taking into account the shapes of the individual polarization curves of the metals in the couple. After correction of galvanic current data, agreement between dissolution rates obtained by weight loss and galvanic current data is satisfactory. Continuous recording of the galvanic current reveals considerably more information than weight loss data.