PSA接枝碳纳米管增强PVA/PSA共混物薄膜的微结构与性能

通过溶液浇铸及化学交联,制备了聚(苯乙烯磺酸钠-co-丙烯酸)接枝碳纳米管(PSA-g-MWNT)增强聚乙烯醇(PVA)/PSA复合膜,着重研究了改性碳纳米管对复合膜的微观结构、力学性能、电导率、离子交换容量(IEC)和吸水率的影响。结果表明,当PVA与PSA质量比为2∶1时,PVA/PSA共混物薄膜的综合性能最佳。接枝在MWNT表面的PSA提高了MWNT与PVA/PSA共混物之间的相容性,实现了MWNT对PVA/PSA薄膜的同时增强、增韧。随着PSA-g-MWNT含量的增加,PVA/PSA/PSA-g-MWNT复合膜的电导率显著提高,IEC值也呈升高的趋势。     

纳米铂在碳纳米管的原位担载及其电化学性能

采用两步法进行纳米铂在碳纳米管表面的原位担载。首先利用柠檬酸(CA)对苯胺(ANI)自组装作用,制备PANI/CNT复合载体;进而比较了柠檬酸络合及未络合氯铂酸前驱体两种方式,通过原位还原铂,制备纳米铂-聚苯胺-碳纳米管(Pt-PANI/CNT)复合材料。结果表明,CA在初期利于PANI完整包覆CNT,且CA络合氯铂酸方式在后期利于纳米铂均匀可控担载,从而所得Pt-PANI/CNT材料表现出高电化学活性面积、甲醇的稳定电催化活性。对拓展复合纳米结构及性能提出了可行路线,利于未来探索。     

PP/碳纳米管复合材料的结构与性能

采用原子转移自由基(ATRP)活性聚合方法在多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)表面接枝丙烯酸丁酯聚合物(PBA),并以此对聚丙烯(PP)进行改性。红外光谱(FT-IR)及透射电子显微镜(TEM)测试结果表明,采用ATRP法成功地将PBA接枝到多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)表面。采用熔融共混法制备了PP/MWNT复合材料,对其力学性能和耐热性能进行了研究,结果表明,接枝聚合物的碳纳米管提高了复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度,提高了PP的耐热性。MWNT-PBA和MWNT-COOH加入PP都能提高材料的性能,而MWNT-PBA比MWNT-COOH的作用更加明显。     

基于原子转移自由基聚合法制备多壁碳纳米管/Ag复合材料

在多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)表面键接可用于原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)的引发剂,并以此引发甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)在MWNT表面的ATRP.利用红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振(<'1>H-NMR)和透射电镜(TEM)对接枝聚合物MWNT的结构和外观形貌进行了研究.接枝在MWNT表面的PGMA与过量的乙二胺发生开...     

载铂钴酸镧的制备与电化学性能

采用乙二醇还原法在钴酸镧表面上沉积铂,制备了载铂20%的载铂钴酸镧复合材料Pt-LCO/C。采用X射线粉末衍射、透射电子显微镜研究了载铂钴酸镧的结构与形貌,发现铂在钴酸镧中的分散性好,获得的铂金属颗粒仅2nm,且颗粒大小均匀。采用循环伏安法研究了载铂钴酸镧复合材料的电化学性能和对甲醇的电化学氧化行为。研究表明,载铂钴酸镧复合材料具有很好的扩散性能,具有优良的电催化氧化甲醇的性能。     

Pt/ZrP-Th-CNTs复合催化剂的制备及其对甲醇的电催化氧化

利用硫堇(Th)和碳纳米管(CNTs)对磷酸锆(ZrP)改性,并以改性的ZrP复合材料作为催化剂载体,采用化学还原法制备得到Pt/ZrP-Th-CNTs复合催化剂.SEM研究结果表明,金属铂(Pt)微粒在载体表面具有很高的分散度,且颗粒大小均匀,电极的比表面积也得到较大提高.考察了复合电极在酸性介质中对甲醇的电催化氧化...     

碳纳米管接枝聚乙二醇负载ZnO的制备与表征

利用聚乙二醇接枝的多壁碳纳米管(MWNT-g-PEG)作为介质,在低温下,通过溶胶-凝胶法在PEG修饰后的MWNT表面负载花瓣状的纳米氧化锌(ZnO)。通过X射线衍射、红外波谱、扫描电镜和透射电镜对MWNT-g-PEG/ZnO纳米复合材料进行表征和分析。结果表明ZnO纳米粒子和MWNT之间结合紧密,ZnO的尺寸比较均一,推测了ZnO纳米粒子在MWNT表面的生长机理。MWNT表面的PEG对ZnO的负载起着重要的作用,它是ZnO原位生长的活性点。     

PP/碳纳米管复合材料的制备及电性能

采用原子转移自由基(ATRP)活性聚合方法在多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)表面接枝丙烯酸丁酯聚合物(PBA),并以此对聚丙烯(PP)进行改性。红外光谱(FT-IR)及透射电子显微镜(TEM)测试结果表明,采用ATRP法成功地将PBA接枝到多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)表面。对PP/MWNT复合材料电性能研究表明,MWNT-PBA的添加比MWNT-COOH更能降低复合材料的电阻率。MWNT-PBA的加入可使PP从绝缘材料转变为抗静电材料。MWNT-PBA和MWNT-COOH加入PP都能提高材料的电性能,而MWNT-PBA比MWNT-COOH的作用更加明显。     

氧化处理对碳纤维表面碳纳米管修饰效果及其电磁性能的影响研究

针对碳纤维和碳纳米管作为吸波剂单独使用时存在的吸波机制单一、分散困难、无法实现宽频强吸收等问题,采用化学接枝法在酸氧化的碳纤维表面成功制备了碳纳米管,并研究了氧化处理对碳纤维表面碳纳米管接枝效果及其电磁性能的影响。结果表明,氧化处理可提高CNT的接枝量和接枝效率,进而提高其介电常数和对电磁波的损耗性能。当硝酸浓度65%,反应时间8h时,CF表面CNT接枝率达到15.3%且无团聚发生,对电磁波具有较好的吸收效果。     

乙二醇稳定的NaBH4还原法制备纳米Pt/C催化剂

分别采用乙二醇(EG)和H2O为溶剂,通过NaBH4还原法在酸性pH≤2和碱性pH≥12条件下制备了铂担裁量为20%(质量分数)的Pt/C催化剂,利用TEM、CV及LSV等方法对催化剂进行了表征与测试,考察了EG在NaBH4还原法中对铂纳米颗粒的稳定作用.结果表明,EG作溶剂、碱性pH≥12时,通过NaBH4还原法制备得到了平均粒径约2.5nm、粒径分布窄、在碳裁体上分散均匀的Pt/C催化荆;该催化剂的电化学比表面为74.4m2/g Pt,0.8V vs NHE时通过LSV得到的单位质量铂对甲醇电催化氧化的电流密度为229.1mA/mg Pt,分别是相同条件下H2O作溶剂时制备得到的Pt/C催化剂的5.倍和5.3倍.     

Synthesis and characterization of polyaniline grafted multiwalled carbon nanotube loaded Nafion-silica nanocomposite membrane

The preparation and characterization results of a new nanocomposite, polyaniline (PANI) grafted multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) loaded Nafion-silica, (designated as Nafion-silica/MWNT-g-PANI), are reported in this paper. The preparation involves the formation of a silica network in a Nafion membrane and the subsequent loading of polyaniline-grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT-g-PANI) onto the Nafion-silica nanocomposite. The new nanocomposite, Nafion-silica/ MWNT-g-PANI, was characterized as to its morphology, structure and properties. The conductivity and methanol permeability of the nanocomposite membranes were evaluated.     

表面官能团化多壁碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料的制备及性能

本文首先将多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)进行表面化学修饰,接入羧基、胺基等官能团,采用红外光谱进行了表征.以纯化后的MWNT和表面化学修饰的MWNT作为填料,制备了MWNT /环氧树脂复合材料,研究了MWNT的加入对环氧树脂的力学性能、电学性能、热稳定性和玻璃化转变温度等的影响,并利用场发射电镜观察了胺基化MWNT在环氧树脂基体中的分散情况.     

碳纳米管／PA6纳米复合材料的制备及力学性能

采用RAFT活性聚合反应在碳纳米管表面接枝聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(二硫代酯化合物作RAFT试剂),并制备了碳纳米管/PA6纳米复合材料。利用FT-IR、TEM、SEM、TGA等测试方法表征接枝聚合物后的碳纳米管,考察了碳纳米管的用量对碳纳米管/PA6纳米复合材料力学性能的影响,并观察了碳纳米管/PA6纳米复合材料冲击断面形貌。结果表明,聚合物接枝到了碳纳米管表面,碳纳米管/PA6纳米复合材料的力学性能明显提高。     

PC／碳纳米管纳米复合材料的结构与力学性能

将二硫代酯化合物作为RAFT(可逆加成-断裂链转移反应)试剂,采用RAFT活性聚合方法在碳纳米管表面接枝丙烯酸丁酯和马来酸酐的共聚物,并制备了PC/碳纳米管复合材料。利用FT-IR、TEM表征接枝后的碳纳米管,考察了碳纳米管用量对PC/碳纳米管复合材料的力学性能的影响,观察了PC/碳纳米管复合材料冲击断面形貌。结果表明,碳纳米管表面接枝上了一层聚合物,PC/碳纳米管复合材料的力学性能得到了改善。     

TiO2-grafted multi-walled carbon nanotubes for dye-sensitized solar cells

Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) comprised of TiO2 porous films with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) were prepared at low temperature (150 degrees C). MWNT were incorporated to facilitate the fast electron transport resulting from metallic properties of carbon nanotubes. In order to enhance the effect of MWNT incorporation, TiO2-grafted MWNT (TiO2-MWNT) was synthesized which can increase the electron transport rate further due to proximity of TiO2 to MWNT The presence of TiO2 nanoparticles on the surface of MWNT was confirmed by electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. As in the DSSCs prepared through high temperature sintering of photoanodes, the maximum content of MWNT incorporated into TiO2 was limited to 0.01 wt% relative to TiO2. TiO2 photoanodes including TiO2-grafted MWNT (TiO2-MWNT/P25) enhanced the cell efficiencies by ca. 28% and 14%, relative to TiO2 photoanodes without and with MWNT respectively, reaching the efficiency of 5.0%. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was utilized to examine the effect of incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles grafted to MWNT on the cell performance.     

Growth of multi-amine terminated poly(amidoamine) dendrimers on the surface of carbon nanotubes

An in situ repetitive divergent polymerization strategy was employed to grow multi-amine poly(amidoamine) dendritic macromolecules on the surfaces of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), affording novel three-dimensional (3D) molecular nanocomposites. The crude MWNTs were oxidized using H(2)SO(4)/HNO(3) = 3:1?(v/v) and then reacted with thionyl chloride, resulting in MWNTs functionalized with chlorocarbonyl groups (MWNT-COCl). MWNT-COCl, when reacted with an excess of ethylenediamine, produced amine-functionalized MWNT supported initiators (MWNT-NH(2)). Using the MWNT-NH(2) as the growth supporter and methylacrylate/ethylenediamine as building blocks, multi-amine dendritic poly(amidoamine) macromolecules were covalently grafted onto the sidewalls and ends of MWNTs via Michael addition reaction and amidation. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements showed that the weight ratio of the as-grown dendritic polymers on the MWNT surfaces lay in the 10%-50% range. The products were also characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Raman, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. The results indicate that the dendrimers are grafted onto the surface of MWNTs. The as-prepared nanocomposites exhibit excellent dispersibility in water.     

The role of an amorphous carbon layer on a multi-wall carbon nanotube attached atomic force microscope tip in making good electrical contact to a gold electrode

Multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWNT) attached atomic force microscope (AFM) tips (MWNT tips) have good potential for use in AFM lithography. Good conducting MWNT tips are needed in such applications. However, characterizing the conductance of MWNT tips is nontrivial: making a good electrical contact between the MWNT and electrode is difficult. We observed that MWNT tips produced by hydrocarbon-deposition attachment usually do not make good electrical contacts to gold electrodes because of the thin and rough amorphous carbon layer on the MWNT that was unintentionally deposited during the attachment. We found that good contacts can be made if a more amorphous carbon layer is deposited to form a thick and smooth amorphous carbon layer on MWNTs. Good contact was made either by transformation of the amorphous carbon layer into a conducting or peel-off layer, exposing the bare MWNT surface. MWNT tips with an exposed MWNT surface showed the well-known high-current-flowing capacity and the stepped-cutting behavior of bare MWNTs. The peeling-off behavior of a thick amorphous carbon layer may be utilized in producing bare-surfaced MWNT tips that have good conductance and therefore are useful for applications.     

MWNT的分散性及其对复合水泥基材料力学性能的影响

以4种表面活性剂（SAA）（十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）、曲拉通x100（Tx100）、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）、阿拉伯胶（GA））分别作为多壁纳米碳管（MWNT）分散剂,结合静置及离心分离观察法评价MWNT在水中的分散性;混合浇筑了4组经不同SAA分散、MWNT掺量均为0.21%（相对于水泥质量）的MWNT/水泥基复合材料（MWNT/CCs）,同时制备了空白试件（PCP）,测试了各组试件的抗折强度σf及抗压强度σc,并观察了用GA分散的MWNT/CC及PCP试样的显微结构.静置3 h后,4种MWNT悬浮液黑度均匀,但在5 000 r/min离心分离后显示：GA对MWNT分散效果最好,离心90 min才开始分层;SDS效果最差,离心10 min就开始分层.相比PCP,用GA分散的MWNT/CC的σf、σc提高幅度最大,分别达31.5%、23.6%,表明MWNT在基体中能较好地发挥纤维拔出和桥联作用;TEM及SEM图也显示MWNT在水及相应水化产物中分布较均匀,MWNT与基体界面结合良好.