氧气-乙炔火焰法制备球形二氧化硅粉体研究

以天然二氧化硅粉体为原料,采用氧气-乙炔火焰球化法制备球形二氧化硅。实验中选取燃烧气体参数:乙炔流量0.6～0.9m3/h,氧气流量0.8～1.2m3/h。借助XRD衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜对球形化前后样品进行表征,研究了原料粒度、送粉速率对球化效果的影响。结果表明,采用该实验设备和工艺路线可以制备出球化率95%以上的球形二氧化硅,送粉速率越小,原料颗粒粒径越小且粒度分布越均匀(≤10μm),所制备产品的球化率和熔融度越高。     

原料粒度对高温固相法制备锆英石粉体的影响

为研究高温固相法制备锆英石粉体所用原料的最佳粒度,以不同粒度的SiO2和ZrO2混合粉体为原料,在1500℃条件下保温4．5h进行锆英石粉体的制备。利用激光粒度分析仪对原料进行粒度分析;使用x射线衍射仅对产物进行物相与结构分析;用扫描电子显微镜观察合成样品的微观结构。研究结果表明：不同粒度的SiO2和ZrO2混合粉体在1500℃条件下保温4．5h均可制备出锆英石粉体,当d（0．5）为2．125μm时制备效果最好,所制各样品的粒度主要集中在0．2～1．5μm之间。     

Temperature distribution for controlled-dwell extrusion of γ-TiAl

Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb-0. 15B alloy (atom fraction) was extruded at temperatures(Tα) of 1 250 and 1 330 ℃,respectively. The method of adding a thermal insulating layer was used to overcome the problem associated with the flow stress mismatch Between the can and the billet during extrusion. Effects of two kinds of insulations, ZrO2 powders and silica fibers, on the quality of extrude bar along the radial direction were studied, and the process parameters were optimized by combining with finite element method (FEM). Tensile properties of the extruded alloy at room and elevated temperature were tested. The results show that the silica fibers has better thermal insulating property than ZrO2 powders. The temperature distribution in radial is more homogeneous using silica fibers. The alloy has a good balance of yield strength and room temperature ductility and the values are 680 MPa and 3.5 %, respectively.     

Preparation of ultrafine Ti(C, N)-based cermet using oxygen-rich powders

The availability using oxygen-rich powders to prepare ultrafine Ti(C,N)-based cermets was investigated. The deoxidation process, denitrification phenomenon and the effect of deoxidation on microstructure and mechanical properties of sintered samples were discussed, respectively. The results show that oxygen in the samples prepared even with high oxygen contained in starting powders can be almost completely cleaned away through suitable sintering process. The ultrafine oxygen-rich powders have a significant effect on microstructure, which promotes the formation of white core phase. A ultrafine Ti(C,N)-based cermet with mean particle size of 0.30 μm, uniform microstructure and excellent mechanical properties is successfully prepared. It is also found that there exists severe denitrification phenomenon in the preparation process of ultrafine Ti(C,N)-based cermet. Foundation item: Project(50323008) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

钢包用引流材料的流动性能与烧结性能

基于有关钢包的引流技术，研究了石英质、镁橄榄石质和铬铁矿质引流材料在不同石墨和铬铁矿加入量条件下的流动性能、烧结性能和热膨胀性能。结果表明，石英砂加4％石墨混合物的流动性好；一定量的石英砂、铬铁矿、石墨的混合物可以提高材料的流动性能和获得恰当的烧结性能；加入钾长石粉优化了引流砂的烧结性能和热膨胀性能。     

基于LBM-DEM耦合计算模型的含水层内悬浮颗粒运动特性

基于格子Boltzmann法(LBM)与离散单元法(DEM)的基本理论,通过对格子单松弛模型演化方程进行修正,建立LBM-DEM耦合计算模型。引入浸没移动边界方法(IMB),利用MATLAB开发LBM-IMB-DEM耦合求解程序,对悬浮颗粒在含水介质中的运动过程进行模拟计算。通过开展层析柱强制渗流试验,验证计算模型与求解方法的正确性,从孔隙尺度分析地下水动力、颗粒形貌和尺寸效应对含水层渗透性能的影响。结果表明,进口流速为5×10_^-5m/s时,含水层各区域的渗流速度均呈现下降、回升、稳定的三个连续阶段。将悬浮颗粒由球形硅微粉替换为非球形硅微粉后,各断面的平均流速最大降幅升高,恢复率降低。基于颗粒受力平衡分析,由于球形硅微粉转动惯量较低,易于脱离含水介质表面;非球形硅微粉多絮凝成团,迁移过程中出现沉积或被孔喉捕获的机率提高,并且沉积后难以发生再释放过程。随着渗流速度的降低与含水介质计算区域的增加,悬浮颗粒形貌的变化对于含水层水动力场演化过程的影响程度增强。     

Coprecipitation preparation and voltage sensitive characteristics of doped ZnO varistor

ＺｎＯｖａｒｉｓｔｏｒｈａｓｂｅｅｎｗｉｄｅｌｙｕｓｅｄｉｎｐｒｏｔｅｃｔｉｏｎｄｅｖｉｃｅｓｆｏｒｓｍａｌｃｕｒｅｎｔｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃｃｉｒｃｕｉｔｓａｓｗｅｌａｓｆｏｒｌａｒｇｅｃｕｒｅｎｔｔｒａｎｓｍｉｓｉｏｎｌｉｎｅｓ［１］．Ｔｈｅｏｒ...     

多晶硅副产物四氯化硅制备沉淀白炭黑

以多晶硅副产物四氯化硅和水玻璃为硅源,聚乙二醇和无水乙醇为添加剂,制备了沉淀白炭黑。研究了反应温度、体系pH值、水玻璃浓度、聚乙二醇和无水乙醇的加入量对白炭黑粒径大小的影响。在最佳工艺条件下,可制得一次粒子平均粒径为284 nm的白炭黑粉末。采用扫描电镜、透射电镜、傅立叶红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪和激光纳米粒度仪对所制得沉淀白炭黑的结构等进行了表征。     

A new sol-gel process for preparing Ba（Mg1／3Nb2／3）O3 nanopowders

Commercially available niobium (V) oxide [Nb2O5], with barium acetate [Ba(CH3COO)2] and magnesium acetate [Mg(CH3COO)2·4H2O] was used as the starting material in the sol-gel process for preparing Ba(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 (BMN) nanopowders. At first, Nb2O5 reacted with melting sodium hydroxide and transformed into dispersible oxide. The resulting glassy substance after cooling was dispersed and washed several times in distilled water to remove the Na ions. The as-prepared colloidal Nb2O5·nH2O was subsequently mixed with acetic solution of barium acetate and magnesium acetate according to the required molar proportions and followed by gelation. The ultrafine BMN powders were finally obtained after heat-treating the gel at 820℃ for 1 h, and the as-sintered nanoceramics revealed a high relative density of 98.2%, and a high microwave Q-factor, of 10397 at 1.45GHz.     

Synthesis and electrochemical characterization of LiNi0.78Co2Al0.02O2 cathode material in a novel co-precipitation method

LiNi0.78Co2Al0.02O2 cathode materials were prepared with a novel co-precipitation method followed by heat-treating. The properties of the materials were characterized. XRD patterns showed that no secondary phase appeared and the hexagonal lattice parameter c of LiNi0.78Co2Al0.02O2 was larger than that of LiNi0.8Co0.2O2. The SEM images indicated that the powders of the material were submicron size. The results of the ICP-AES analysis proved that elemental compositions of the material were similar to those of the targeted one. Cyclic voltammetry (3.0-4.2 V) illustrated that the new material had good lithium-ion intercalation/de-intercalation performance. The results of galvanostatic cycling showed that the initial specific discharge capacity of the prepared ma-terial was 181.4 mAh/g, and the specific discharge capacity was 177.3 mAh/g after 100 cycles (0.2C,3.0-4.2 V, vs. Li /Li) with the capacity retention ratio of 97.7%.     

Selective Synthesis and Advanced Characteristic of CdSe Semiconductor Quantum Dots by Aqueous Phase

This work mainly investigated the influences of some factors, such as, synthesis methods, precursor alteraatives, and vacuum heat-treating process, etc, on the fluorescent characteristics of the semiconductor quantum dots synthesized by aqueous phase. The research results indicate that the fluorescent characteristic of water- solution sample prepared from Na2 SO3 precursor was sensitive to water bath heating time, and specially, its photohuninescence spectrum shows the unique phenomenon of double excitation and emission peaks. Meanwhile, the fluorescent characteristic of water- solution sample prepared from NaBH4 precursor is slightly influenced by water bath heating time, and the sugface of CdSe quantum dots could be passivated by the excessive amount of NaBH4 precursor, which results in the effective decrease of surface traps and great enhancement of quantum yield. Furthermore, the fluorescent emission peaks of samples could be sharpened by vacuum heat-treating process, with its spectral full width at half of maximum （FWHM） around 30- 40 run, so the emission peaks become redshifi, of which the intensity greatly increases.     

Synthesis and electrochemical characterization of LiNi0.78Co0.2Al0.02O2 cathode material in a novel co-precipitation method

LiNi0.78 Co0.2 Al0.02O2 cathode materials were prepared with a novel co-precipitation method followed by heat-treating. The properties of the materials were characterized. XRD patterns showed that no secondary phase appeared and the hexagonal lattice parameter c of LiNi0.rsCoo.2AI~0202 was larger than that of LiNi0.8Co0.2O2. The SEM images indicated that the powders of the material were submicron size. The results of the ICP-AES analysis proved that elemental compositions of the material were similar to those of the targeted one. Cyclic voltammetry （3.0- 4. 2 V） illustrated that the new material had good lithium-ion intercalation/de-intercalation performance. The results of galvanostatic cycling showed that the initial specific discharge capacity of the prepared material was 181.4 mAh/g, and the specific discharge capacity was 177.3 mAh/g after 100 cycles （0. 2C, 3.0 - 4. 2 V, vs. Li^＋/Li） with the capacity retention ratio of 97.7%.     

Phase transformation of nano-grained W(Co, C) composite powder and its phase constitute

1 INTRODUCTION Nano-grained WC-Co cemented carbides with high toughness and high hardness have drawn extensive attention of hard metal industry[1?2]. There are two key processes for the fabrication of this high performance alloy[3?4]. One is the preparation of nanometer WC-Co composite powders, the other is the effective control of grain growth during sintering. At present, great technical breakthrough has been achieved in the preparation of nanometer powders. The typical methods of na…     

酸浸法去除石英粉中铁杂质

研究酸浸条件对去除脉石英粉中铁杂质的影响。结果表明：酸浸条件对石英粉除铁效果影响显著,最佳酸浸条件为酸液含（质量分数）18%盐酸和2%氢氟酸;酸液与石英粉的液固质量比3：1;酸液温度50℃;酸浸时间8h;石英粉粒径28-37μm。经酸浸处理的石英粉铁质量比由原来的122μg/g下降到7.5μg/g,达到高纯石英中铁含量的标准。     

Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of (W, Ti) C powders

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Co-precipitation/hydrothermal synthesis of BiFeO<Subscript>3</Subscript> powder

A coprecipitation/hydrothermal route was utilized to fabricate pure phase BiFeO3 powders using FeCl3·6H2O and Bi（NO3）3·5H2O as starting materials, ammonia as precipitant and NaOH as mineralizer. The synthesized powders were characterized by XRD, SEM and DSC-TG analysis. In the process, single-phase BiFeO3 powders could be obtained at a hydrothermal reaction temperature of 180 ℃, with NaOH of 0.15 mol/L, in contrast to 200 ℃ and 4 mol/L for conventional hydrothermal route. Meanwhile, the micro-morphology of synthesized BiFeO3 powders changed with different reaction temperatures and concentrations of NaOH. The N6el temperature, Curie temperature and decomposition temperature of the synthesized BiFeO3 powders were detected to be 301 ℃, 828 ℃ and 964 ℃, respectively. The hydrothermal reactions mechanism to fabricate BiFeO3 powders were discussed based on the in-situ transformation process.     

Thermal stability and oil absorption of aluminum hydroxide treated by dry modification with phosphoric acid

The dry modification of aluminum hydroxide powders with phosphoric acid and the effects of modification of technological conditions on thermal stability, morphology and oil absorption of aluminum hydroxide powders were investigated. The results show that the increase of mass ratio of phosphoric acid to aluminum hydroxide, the decrease of mass concentration of phosphoric acid and prolongation of mixing time are favorable to the improvement of thermal stability of aluminum hydroxide; when the mass ratio of phosphoric acid to aluminum hydroxide is 5:100, the mass concentration of phosphoric acid is 200 g/L and the mixing time is 10 min, the initial temperature of loss of crystal water in aluminum hydroxide rises from about 192.10 to 208.66 ℃, but the dry modification results in the appearance of agglomeration and macro-aggregate in the modified powders, and the oil absorption of modified powders becomes higher than that of original aluminum hydroxide.     

Preparation and Characterization of Pb（Zr0.52Ti0.48）03 Ultrafine Powders by a Sol-gel Combined with Combustion Process

A simple and rapid process for synthesizing lead zirconate titanate,Pb（Zr0.52Ti0.48）O3（PZT）,ferroclectric powders was developed.This process,combining the sol-gel and combustion process.offers several advantages over conventional methods.including rapid solution synthesis,use of commercially available materials lower synthesis temperature and ease of obtaining ultrafine powders.The precursor solution for synthesizing powders was prepared from lead nitrate.zireonium nitrate.titanium oxynitrate,citric acid and deionized water.The precarsor was investigated by DSC-TG,and the PZT powders were investigated by powder-XRD,IR spectra and TEM.XRD analysis shous that the powders possess a single phase perovskite type structure,no pyrochlore phase exists.and TEM image shows that the grain size of the powders is about 40nm.     

Structure transition of nano-titania during calcination

1　INTRODUCTIONTitaniahasthreecrystallines :brookite ,anataseandrutile .Theirbasicstructuralunitisthesame[TiO6 ]octahedron ,buttheirlatticestructuresaredifferent .Forexample ,brookitebelongstorhombiccrystallo series ,whilerutileandanatasebelongtosquarecrystallo series .Thoughrutileandanatasearethesamecrystallo series ,theirsymmetricalelementsandunit cellparametersaredifferent[1] .Inrecentyears ,muchattentionhasbeenpaidtophasetransformationoftitaniaparticle ,especiallytothetemperatureofph…