胶粉“核—壳”活化改性：核改性

探讨了胶粉的活化核改性理论，用溶胀度表征胶粉的核改性效果，筛选出松化膨润剂（核改性剂）品种及用量。考察了活化改性胶粉地ＮＲ胶料硫化性能及力学性能的影响，并通过扫描电镜观察了胶粉及活化性胶粉与基质胶间的相界面形态，得出添加改性胶粉的ＮＲ硫化胶性能明显改善的理论依据。     

RD-F机械化学法对胶粉活化改性的研究

在ＲＤ－Ｆ机械化学法活化胶粉的过程中，高速搅拌器使活化剂在胶粉表面涂覆均匀，开炼机对胶粉产生强烈的剪切细化作用，促进活化剂同胶粉结合。活化剂中，硫化剂提高胶粉－－基质胶相界面的交联密度塑解剂促进胶粉表面塑化，防老剂提高胶料动态性能，酚醛树脂进一步增强胶粉－基质胶相界面“粘合”。确定ＲＤ－Ｆ活化剂体系为：防老剂ＲＤ１．酚醛树脂１．４２０油１．５，促进剂０．４，硫黄０．５，促进剂ＣＺ０．５，乙烯焦同。     

改性胶粉/SBR共混胶料的结构性能研究

研究了硫黄、促进剂、改性胶粉用量对胶粉／ＳＢＲ共混胶料性能的影响。结果表明；改性胶粉用量在１０－３５份的范围内．对共混胶料的静态力学性能影响不大：在１０－２２份的范围内对动态压缩疲劳生热影响不大．适当调整基质胶中硫黄、促进剂的用量．有利于降低胶料的动态压缩疲劳生热。扫描电子能谱微区分析的研究表明：由于硫黄的迁移形成了具有特殊结构的界面过渡层．该过渡层是降低动态压缩疲劳生热的关键。     

改性胶粉/丁苯共混胶料的流变形态性能研究

研究了改性胶粉／丁苯橡胶（ＳＢＲ）炭黑共混胶料的力学、形态及流变性能，结果表明：胶粉改性后．可提高掺用胶粉胶料的拉伸强度，降低压缩疲劳温升。随着剪切速率γｗ的增大，胶粉用量对胶料表观粘度ηａ的影响减小；加人胶粉减小了挤出口型膨胀率。通过分析胶料破坏断面的扫描电镜照片．可推测胶粉改性后与基质胶的界面结合较好。     

GMS—1接枝改性胶粉在运输带中的应用

用透视电镜对GMS-1接枝改性胶粉在胶料中的形态进行观察,并对GMS-1胶粉在运输带中的应用进行了研究。结果表明,在胶粉与基质胶界面由于可能产生了化学的和物理的作用,而改善了胶粉与基质胶的相容性,并在硫化后生成多相复台网络结构,使得某些力学性能如耐磨耗得到提高。所以GMS-1胶粉具有良好的分散性;而且在运输带复盖胶中应用,能提高胶料的磨耗性能,降低产品成本。     

废胶粉/SBR共混胶料的流变-形态-力学性能研究

研究了废橡胶胶扮掺混量和粒度对度胶粉/SBR纯胶胶料和废胶粉/SBR炭黑胶料的流变性能和力学性能的影响。根据废胶粉/SBR炭黑胶料和改性胶粉/SBR炭黑胶料破坏断面的扫描电镜照片,对比其撕裂线和扩展线的数量和分布形态,可对胶料的力学性能有所推断,并可观察到胶粉与基质橡胶两相间的界面形态。     

机械力化学改性胶粉及其与天然橡胶并用胶性能的研究

分析胶粉在开炼机上的机械力化学改性,研究改性胶粉/天然橡胶(NR)并用胶的性能。结果表明:在开炼机机械力化学作用下,胶粉胶料的交联网络断裂,橡胶分子链断键而形成自由基,实现胶粉改性;随着胶粉在开炼机上薄通次数的增加,胶粉胶料的橡胶分子链断键而形成的自由基浓度增大,改性胶粉与NR的界面相容性和界面结合性逐渐提升,胶粉在NR中的分散更均匀;改性胶粉胶料与NR形成共交联网络,改性胶粉/NR并用胶的拉伸强度和拉断伸长率显著提高。     

RD－F机械化学法对胶粉活化改性的研究

在ＲＤ－Ｆ机械化学法活化胶粉的过程中，高速搅拌器使活化剂在胶粉表面涂覆均匀，开炼机对胶粉产生强烈的剪切细化作用，促进活化剂同胶粉结合。活化剂中．硫化剂提高胶粉－基质胶相界面的交联密度，塑解剂促进胶粉表面塑化，防老剂提高胶料动态性能，酚醛树脂进一步增强胶粉一基质胶相界面“粘合”。确定ＲＤ－Ｆ活化剂体系为：防老剂ＲＤ１，酚醛树脂１，４２０＃油１．５，促进剂Ｈ０．４，硫黄０．５，促进剂ＣＺ０．５，乙烯焦油８。ＲＤ－Ｆ活化剂体系活化的胶粉能较大地提高胎面胶料的耐磨性。     

改性胶粉对氯丁橡胶性能的影响

研究改性胶粉对氯丁橡胶(CR)性能的影响,并与无机填料轻质碳酸钙和滑石粉进行对比。结果表明:添加改性胶粉后,混炼胶的门尼粘度增大,硫化速度加快,硫化胶的耐热老化性能和耐水性能改善,虽然拉伸强度和耐低温性能有所降低,但下降幅度不大;与填充轻质碳酸钙和滑石粉的胶料相比,填充改性胶粉的胶料综合性能优异。改性胶粉可以作为黑色填料应用于CR橡胶制品胶料中。     

含有改性废胶粉的橡胶性能之评价

文中评价了用改性废胶粉和未改性废胶粉填充的胶料之硫化胶的性能及应用.     

复合改性水性聚氨酯乳液的合成及表征

以甲苯二异氰酸酯(TD I)、聚醚二元醇(N220)、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)和二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为原料,采用丙酮法合成了水性聚氨酯(WPU)分散体。在此基础上,采用三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)对其进行了交联改性并通过环氧树脂和丙烯酸酯对其进行共聚改性,制得了以丙烯酸酯为核,聚氨酯为壳的核壳交联型水性聚氨酯分散体。通过乳液粒度、黏度和涂膜的耐水性和硬度、接触角等分析以及透射电镜观测研究了二羟甲基丙酸(DM-PA)、TMP、环氧树脂以及MMA用量对水性聚氨酯涂膜耐水性等性能的影响,确定了最佳物料配比。结果表明,当DMPA、E-20、TMP和MMA在聚氨酯水性分散体中的质量分数分别为7.5%、6%、1%和20%时,合成的水性聚氨酯乳液平均粒径80 nm,黏度适中,胶膜的物理力学性能较好,耐水性提高。     

Compatibility of waste rubber powder/polystyrene blends by the addition of styrene grafted styrene butadiene rubber copolymer: effect on morphology and properties

Waste rubber powder/polystyrene (WRP/PS) blends with different weight ratio were prepared with styrene grafted styrene butadiene rubber copolymer (PS-g-SBR) as a compatibilizer. The graft copolymer of PS-g-SBR was synthesized by emulsion polymerization method and confirmed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The copolymer at different weight ratio was subsequently added into the blends. The effects of weight ratio of WRP/PS and compatibilizer loading on mechanical properties were investigated. PS/WRP blends in a weight ratio of 80/20 showed higher impact strength. Moreover, the impact strength of the blend materials increased with the addition of SBR-g-PS, however, decreased at a high loading of the copolymer. The morphology and thermal properties of WRP/PS blends were examined by DSC, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetry (TG). DSC indicated that compared with PS/WRP blend, the glass transition temperature (T _g) of PS matrix phase in PS/WRP/SBR-g-PS blend shifted to low temperature because of the formation of chemical crosslinks or boundary layer between PS and WRP, and the T _g of WRP phase of both the PS/WRP and PS/WRP/SBR-g-PS blends did not appear. SEM results showed that interfacial adhesion in the blends with the PS-g-SBR copolymer was improved. The morphology was a typical continuous–discontinuous structure. PS and WRP presented continuous phase and discontinuous phase, respectively, indicating the moderate interface adhesion between WRP and PS matrix. TG illustrated that the onset of degradation temperature in the PS/WRP/PS-g-SBR blend decreased slightly by contrast with PS/WRP blend and the degradation of PS/WRP blends with and without SBR-g-PS was completed about at the same values.     

生物改性废胶粉对氯丁橡胶性能的影响

将废胶粉经生物改性后与氯丁橡胶（cR）共混,制备生物改性废胶粉／CR共混物。研究了CR和废胶粉的共混方法对共混物性能的影响,并探讨了生物改性废胶粉用量对共混物硫化特性和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明：废胶粉经生物改性后,共混物的拉伸强度较未改性废胶粉的提高,玻璃化转变温度（堍）变化不大。     

Post‐polymerization modification by nitroxide radical coupling

Post‐polymerization modification is an attractive approach to extend applications and convert commodity plastics into products with new, desirable and tunable properties. Among the post‐polymerization modification methods, the nitroxide radical coupling (NRC) reaction has been shown to be a convenient and versatile way to graft specific functionalities onto polymer chains and to control the onset and yield of polymer crosslinking during peroxide‐initiated processes. The use of 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl (TEMPO) and its derivatives as controllers of scorch in crosslinking and as functionalizers in functionalization reactions is thoroughly described. Examples are also given of graft polymerization from macroalkoxyamines generated by NRC and grafting of nitroxides by irradiation processes. In addition, in this review we attempt to demonstrate the broad applications of the NRC reaction in the preparation of polymers with a multitude of functionalities and elaborate architectures. The examples discussed here concern the use of atom transfer and single electron transfer NRC reactions to design a variety of polymers with asymmetrical structure and the use of the radical crossover reaction, based on the alkoxyamine dynamic covalent bond, to generate reversible polymer structures and switchable functional polymers. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry     

PBO纤维及其改性的研究进展

简述了聚对苯撑苯并双噁唑(PBO)纤维的结构与性能;详述了PBO纤维的改性研究进展。PBO纤维的改性主要是改善其抗压性能和表面粘结性能。提高微纤间相互作用或交联等方法可提高PBO纤维的压缩强度;通过酸处理、偶联剂处理、等离子体处理及电晕处理等方法可提高PBO纤维的表面粘结性能。指出表面改性仍将是PBO纤维改性研究的重点。     

脂肪酸表面改性镁铝复合阻燃剂

采用均匀沉淀法制备了镁铝复合阻燃剂。以脂肪酸为改性剂,对镁铝复合物进行表面改性处理。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、红外光谱（FT-IR）、透射电镜（TEM）、扫描电镜（SEM）及亲水亲油性分析,对改性前后镁铝复合物进行表征,对改性工艺进行优化。研究结果表明：以硬脂酸为改性剂,当改性剂用量为镁铝复合物质量的1%时,样品的分散性及与有机体系的相容性最好。     

Graft polymerization of styrene onto waste rubber powder and surface characterization of graft copolymer

The surface of waste rubber powder (WRP) was graft-modified with styrene (St) by bulk polymerization method. The effects of styrene content, initiator mass, time of reaction, and temperature on the graft efficiency were investigated. The results showed that the graft efficiency (%) was highest when 89 wt% styrene and 0.11 g of initiator were added for reaction time of 25 h at 85 °C. The surface of graft-modified rubber powder was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDXS) analysis, and thermogravimetric (TG/DTG) analysis. The results showed that polystyrene (PS) was grafted onto waste rubber powder, which formed a WRP/PS core–shell structure.     

MG49改性陶土与NR的相互作用

以天甲橡胶ＭＧ４９改性陶土。采用ＩＲ、ＳＥＭ及结合胶质量分数、表观交联密度、界面作用强度表征值、蠕变和力学性能的测定,研究了ＭＧ４９改性陶土与ＮＲ的相互作用及改性效果。结果表明：ＭＧ４９湿法改性陶土提高了混炼胶的结合胶质量分数,增加了材料的表观交联密度,增强了陶土与ＮＲ间界面的作用强度,改善了硫化胶的网络结构,提高了硫化胶的力学性能。     

PVC接枝改性及交联改性方法研究进展

综述了近年来聚氯乙烯（PVC）接枝改性和交联改性方法的研究进展;其中,接枝改性方法包括在PVC链的C原子上接枝含C、N、S元素基团等及其他亲核取代方法;交联改性方法包括过氧化物交联、三嗪化合物交联、双烯化合物交联、硅烷交联及其他化学交联方法等;最后,对PVC化学改性的发展前景进行了展望。     

聚氯乙烯增韧改性研究新进展

综述了聚氯乙烯增韧改性的2种改性方法即物理共混改性法和化学交联改性法的研究进展,并介绍了聚氯乙烯增韧改性的机制。