温湿度及加速度信号在线监测低功耗无线传感系统设计

提出一种用于在线监测工业设备自身振动信号和工作环境温湿度的低功耗无线传感器的模块化设计方法。该无线传感系统采用低功耗单片机MSP430F5438作为核心控制单元,由振动加速度检测模块、温湿度模块、射频通信模块、串口通信模块及供能模块构成。主要研究了采用高集成单元器件以低功耗运行的工作方式,实现振动信号和工作环境温湿度参数监测的设计方法,以及使监测系统满足低功耗和性能监测要求的系统的各个模块的工作模式（包括时序）和电源管理模式。使监测节点在满足在线完成实时监测以及信号传输等性能要求的基础上,降低系统功耗延长系统节点采用电池供电的寿命要求。     

渗压计测量的关键技术研究

振弦式渗压计是土建测应力较为先进的高精度传感器之一.设计和实现了一种能够实时监测的渗压测量模块,较好地解决了该传感器测量时信号微弱、距离远、干扰大、校准要求高等难点;同时设计了一种实用高精度热敏电阻器测量模块,实现了对振弦式渗压计的校正.该模块与同类的监测仪器相比,具有结构简单、精度高、扩展性好、抗干扰性强等优点.     

基于无人值守的电网环境智能监测系统设计

针对目前电网设备无法实时监测预警以及人力、能源浪费现象,设计了一种基于自供能、无线传输网络和多传感技术的无人值守智能监测系统。该系统包括自供电能源管理模块、微控制器模块、多传感器模块、无线通信模块以及上位机。自供电能源处理模块采集当前环境中的太阳能并将其转换为3.3 V稳定电压为系统供电。多传感器模块采集当前环境中的温度、振动及声音信息传给微控制器模块融合处理,通过无线传输模块将数据信息发送给上位机进行实时显示预警。实验表明,系统工作性能优异稳定,适用于电网设备长时间的可靠监测。     

可用于遥测的嵌入式微型电化学系统

设计并制作了一种可用于电化学遥测的嵌入式微系统,可配合电化学传感器实现时间-电流法、循环伏安法、方波伏安法等基本的电化学检测方法。该微型电化学系统的硬件包括电化学传感器接口模块、处理器模块和通信模块等,均采用单端供电。系统的传感器接口模块可向传感器提供±1100mV范围内的工作电位,通信模块可采用无线方式接收远程终端的遥测命令,并将测试结果传回远程终端。分别采用电阻、葡萄糖生物传感器对系统性能进行了测试,表明该系统能够实现基本的电化学检测功能,可以用于环境遥测、生物医学遥测和其他一些无人值守的电化学监测.     

基于无线数据传输技术的测力装置

介绍了具有无线数据传输功能测力装置的工作原理、硬件结构设计、软件系统工作流程及实验结果,该装置以应变式力传感器为核心,利用发射器芯片、接收器芯片构成的无线收发模块,设计出数据采集与无线传输系统。该系统的无线数据采集模块体积小、功耗低、电路构造简单,可以方便地嵌入被监测系统中,利用上位机实现对被测数据的实时监测。     

RSSI与步长估算的井下人员定位装置研究

本文以STM32F103单片机,WiFi模块和加速度传感器为主要组成,设计了一种可改善精度的小型定位装置.该设计以单片机STM32F103为控制核心,用WiFi模块DS0047CN-EMW3166发射接收定位信号并传递信息,采用加速度传感器MMA7260Q得到携带装置人员的实时三轴加速度数据.所有信息与数据经过WiFi基站上传到井上服务器,利用RSSI技术与步长估计技术结合进行定位,得到具体的精确位置信息.对佩戴装置的人员是否处于摔倒状态,或位于危险地区进行判断.本定位装置具有成本低、实施方便、功能全面、可靠性、精度和灵敏度高等特点,能适应井下恶劣环境并长期稳定地工作.     

海底环境长期监测嵌入式控制系统设计

海底资源开发依赖于大范围和高精度的海底环境数据,传统探测方法还存在种种不足.以S3C6410A为核心,本文设计了面向海底环境长期监测的嵌入式水下控制系统.该控制系统具有丰富的硬件接口和良好的可扩展性.系统运行在Windows CE操作系统上,能定期启动各传感器模块和监测仪器进行数据采集、存储.供电模块根据监测频率进行周期性供电.在实验室环境下的测试表明:所设计的控制系统运行平稳,在降低功耗、节约能源方面具有较好的性能.     

基于ECT技术的航空发动机尾气监测系统设计

为克服现有航空发动机尾气监测系统性能欠稳定和成本较高的问题,设计了基于电容层析成像(ECT)技术的航空发动机气路状态实时监测系统,实现了集传感器设计、数据采集及图像处理功能的一体化.系统主要包含多电极电容传感器模块、数据采集系统模块和计算机成像模块三大模块.概述了各个模块的设计思路,并详细论述了核心模块即采集系统模块的设计方法与控制流程.仿真实验表明:该系统具有性能稳定、非侵入性和实时性好等特点.     

一种烟雾监测报警器的设计与制作

<正>众所周知,易燃危险品极易引发火灾事故,而且在其引发火灾事故的初期,往往会出现烟雾。因此,在生产和贮存易燃危险品的场所,配备烟雾监测报警器是及时自动侦测到烟雾并发出告警,便于将火灾事故消除在初期的行之有效的应对措施。为此,本文特别的介绍了一种采用MQ-2型烟雾检测传感器模块,指针式直流电压指示表,DC-DC电源升压模块,继电器模块和有源电子蜂鸣器等组成的烟雾监测报警器的设计与制作。该烟雾监测报警器具有设计简约、性能稳定、制作容易、体积小巧、使用便捷、显示直观的特点,特别适用于生产和贮存易燃危险品的场所。     

基于虚拟仪器的多维力传感器静态标定系统研究

对多维力传感器静态标定原理进行了研究,设计了由数据采集系统和静态性能分析系统组成的多维力传感器静态标定系统.在标定装置上分别对多维力传感器施加载荷,实时显示加载力信息,对输出数据采集并存储.数据采集系统同步实时采集传感器各维输出,避免了传统数据采集的测量误差.数字滤波和传感器性能分析模块实现了实时在线监测多维力传感器多项静态指标和对标定矩阵的高精度标定.通过实验测试,该标定系统达到了预期的性能指标,对多维力传感器性能标准的统一具有现实意义.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.