湿热环境下弹药塑料包装的防潮性研究

通过对某小口径弹药塑料包装筒和塑料包装箱在交变湿热环境下透湿量的测定，分析研究弹药塑料包装筒和塑料包装箱的材料和结构对透湿量的影响，认为该弹药的双层防潮包装能满足弹药包装的一级防潮要求。     

弹药包装箱运输性设计

目的提高弹药包装箱的适运性,实现弹药的安全、快速、高效、经济运输。方法通过对弹药包装箱在铁路、公路、水路、航空运输及人力搬运过程中的人机工程、气候环境、机械环境的分析,找出影响运输性的主要因素。结论在综合分析弹药包装箱运输环境要求的基础上,合理确定了运输性的设计指标,有效提高了弹药包装箱的适运性。     

弹药木包装箱阻燃处理的研究

简要介绍了目前弹药木包装箱由于材料和结构的特点,在部队仓储、运输等勤务处理和战时使用中存在的燃爆隐患。通过对国内木材阻燃情况的调研,并结合弹药木包装箱特点,利用开发的新型阻燃剂,通过对木材表面刷阻燃剂与不刷阻燃剂2种不同工艺状态下,燃烧时间、质量损失率2项指标的对比试验,表明经过阻燃处理的弹药木包装箱,其阻燃防火性能效果明显,可借鉴参考,指导生产。     

高温高湿环境下弹药储运包装温湿度研究

目的为确保弹药的储存质量与安全运输,对高温高湿环境下的弹药储运包装进行研究。方法采用温湿度理论分析和数据拟合,从包装属性和环境湿度变化规律出发,研究弹药储运质量和使用可靠性与环境温湿度的关系。结果南方高温高湿地区弹药集装需考虑各种外部环境影响,可得到其内部温度变化模型。通过计算可得箱体包装的内部温度达到70.77℃,可将某地的弹药包装箱体内部最高温度定为75℃。结论弹药储运环境温湿度过高或过低是促使弹药质量变化的主要因素,环境温湿度过高或过低都会加速弹药各部件及材料老化。     

精确制导航空弹药电磁防护包装研究

目的研究精确制导弹药包装的防电磁能力,设计出可行性的包装方案。方法首先分析我军弹药包装的现状,并对电磁脉冲炸弹的毁伤机理及防护策略进行探讨。然后依据Sche1kunoff电磁屏蔽理论,对各种包装材料和电磁屏蔽材料进行比较。结果塑木复合材料成本低廉、原料丰富、性能优异、绿色环保;镍-磷非晶态合金材料导电性好,工艺简单,镀层性能优良,附着力良好。结论以塑木复合材料作为包装箱材料,以镍-磷非晶态合金作为包装箱涂层,是精确制导航空弹药包装一个较为理想的选择。     

便携式爆破雷管包装箱设计研究

针对弹药炸毁作业中爆破雷管使用管理不规范的问题,根据爆破雷管的性能特点,设计了一种结构新颖的便携式雷管包装箱,详细论述了该包装箱的设计要求、结构造型及制作方法,该包装箱的使用对于提高弹药销毁作业的安全性有积极作用.     

关于弹药包装箱密封试验要求的选择

指出了对于小容积的弹药包装箱采用陆军要求试验 ,对于大容积的弹药包装箱采用空军要求试验。该方法既能保证试验顺利进行 ,又不致于增加费用。     

弹药包装箱铁路运输试验问题及对策

目的为了提高弹药的铁路运输适应性,实现弹药快速、安全运输。方法运用对比、统计分析等方法,研究弹药包装箱试验存在的问题,结合规章制度、标准以及实际情况提出解决问题的对策措施。结果研究发现,弹药包装箱试验存在试验监管不到位,堆码高度、跌落高度、条件、温度设置等试验条件与跌落试验判定标准和铁路运输行业规章制度不一致,试验单位资质不符合要求等问题,需要对存在的问题有针对性地加以改进。结论现行弹药包装箱试验不符合铁路运输要求,只有根据铁路运输行业要求制定相应的规章制度,并对试验过程进行规范,才能保证弹药铁路运输安全。     

美空军小型弹药包装箱试验程序

美空军包装评价中心 ( AF PEA )对小型弹药包装箱提出了 17项试验项目、内容及要求 ,试验合格后 ,可保证弹药包装箱在世界上广泛环境下运输及储存 ,均能满足质量要求     

弹药铁包装箱内固定件材料及结构选择的探讨

概述了包装改革以来，弹药铁包装箱在不同弹种包装上的广泛应用，并着重对箱内固定件材料和结构选择应考虑的因素及采取措施等方面加以论述。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.