碳纤维改性HA/PMMA生物复合材料力学性能的研究

采用原位合成与溶液共混相结合的方法,制备了短切碳纤维增强纳米羟基磷灰石(HA)/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)生物复合材料。研究了碳纤维的含量和长度对HA/PMMA复合材料结构和力学性能的影响。采用万能材料试验机和扫描电子显微镜对复合材料的力学性能及断面的微观形貌进行了测试和表征。结果表明:碳纤维在HA/PMMA复合材料中分布均匀,有效提高了复合材料的力学性能;碳纤维含量为4%时,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、压缩强度和弹性模量等均达到最大值;复合材料的断裂伸长率随碳纤维含量的增加而减小;当碳纤维含量一定时,随其长度的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弹性模量均增加,但断裂伸长率降低。     

短纤维增强HA/PMMA生物复合材料

采用原位合成与溶液共混相结合的方法,制备了短切碳纤维(Cf)增强纳米羟基磷灰石(HA)/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)生物复合材料.研究了Cf含量和长度对HA/PMMA力学性能的影响.采用万能材料试验机和扫描电子显微镜对Cf/HA/PMMA的力学性能及断面的微观形貌进行了测试和表征.结果表明,Cf在Cf/HA/PMMA中分布均匀,且有效提高CfHA/PMMA的力学性能;Cf的质量分数在4%左右时,Cf/HA/PMMA的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、压缩强度和弹性模量等均达到极大值;Cf/HA/PMMA的断裂伸长率随Cf含量的增加而减小.当Cf含量一定时,随Cf长度的增加,Cf/HA/PMMA的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弹性模量均增加,断裂伸长率降低.     

短切碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料的研究

采用冷模压成型工艺制备了短切碳纤维增强环氧树脂(SCFRER)复合材料,并对复合工艺参数进行了讨论。借助于金相显微镜研究了SCFRER复合材料的微观结构特征;较全面地研究了短碳纤维(SCF)含量对复合材料的热、电性能和力学性能(拉伸、弯曲和压缩强度)的影响。     

环氧树脂/短切碳纤维复合材料性能研究

制备出了短切碳纤维增强TDE-85环氧树脂复合材料,研究了碳纤维的含量对复合材料力学性能和耐热性能的影响。结果表明,碳纤维的加入有利于复合材料力学性能和耐热性能的提高,并在碳纤维含量为0.25%时,复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击韧性、弯曲强度和弯曲模量达到最大,分别提高了29.33%、25.31%、30.28%和68.93%。此外,对复合材料的弯曲断裂面进行了微观形貌分析,结果表明一定量的碳纤维可以较好地分散在树脂基体中,同时,碳纤维原丝和树脂基体的界面结合比较弱,主要依赖于两相之间的物理嵌合。     

铜对碳纤维/酚醛树脂受电弓滑板材料的性能影响

采用热压烧结法制备了碳纤维织物/酚醛树脂(PE)受电弓滑板复合材料,研究了Cu对碳纤维织物/PE受电弓滑板复合材料的电阻率、密度和力学性能的影响。采用万能材料试验机、电阻测试仪测试了复合材料的力学性能和电学性能,用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析测试手段对材料的组成结构及断口微观形貌等进行了测试和表征。结果表明,铜粉经高温烧结后呈连续三维网状结构,这种结构与碳纤维织物协调作用,阻止裂纹扩展,提高了复合材料的力学性能;当铜含量为40%时,复合滑板材料的综合性能最优:电阻率降至22.1μΩ.m;弯曲强度和压缩强度分别提高至61.8MPa和29.6MPa;冲击韧性达到12.7 J/cm3。     

碳纤维三维网络体增强环氧树脂复合材料的性能

以酚醛树脂粘结短切碳纤维(SCF)并炭化制得碳纤维三维网络增强体(CFNR),再采用真空袋成型法浸入环氧树脂(EP)制得新型EP/CFNR复合材料。通过显微镜观察CFNR和复合材料的微观结构,采用万能试验机测试力学性能,以及用电阻仪测定导电性能等方法对复合材料进行了评价。结果表明,炭化后的酚醛树脂将SCF粘结成连续的三维网络结构,EP/CFNR复合材料中SCF间有明显可见的炭质粘结点;当SCF质量分数为7.3%时,EP/CFNR复合材料较纯EP,EP/SCF复合材料的弯曲强度分别提高33%,29%,压缩强度分别提高23%,10%,同时,其体积电阻率是EP/SCF复合材料的1/45。     

短切碳纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的性能

研究了短切碳纤维用量、相容剂用量以及短切玻璃纤维/短切碳纤维二元混杂纤维对增强聚丙烯复合材料力学性能的影响,并采用扫描电子显微镜观察了复合材料的表面形貌。结果表明:随着相容剂用量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度先增加后降低,悬臂梁缺口冲击强度和弯曲模量先增加后降低,而且极大提升了树脂和纤维的界面结合力;短切玻璃纤维较短切碳纤维在复合材料中的保留长度大,与纤维的保留长度相比,纤维的体积分数对熔体流动速率的影响更大。     

短碳纤维增强PC/ABS合金及力学性能分析

以改性短碳纤维为增强材料增强PC/ABS合金,采用熔融共混的方法制备了PC/ABS短碳纤维复合材料,研究了复合材料样条的力学性能与短碳纤维含量的关系。扫描电镜和红外光谱分析表明,纤维的改性有利于其与PC/ABS合金的结合。拉伸性能测试结果表明,3和6 mm改性碳纤维均能提高复合材料的拉伸强度,3 mm碳纤维复合材料优于6 mm。当3 mm的改性碳纤维复合材料添加量为10%时,复合材料的拉伸强度比含3%碳纤的复合材料提高了35. 52%;动态力学性能测试结果表明,添加改性碳纤维能提高复合材料的储能模量,增强复合材料的刚性。     

建筑用碳纤维复合材料的增强改性与性能研究

采用挤出注塑工艺制备了碳纤维复合材料,研究了氧化石墨烯（GO）含量和短切碳纤维（SCF）增强对碳纤维复合材料表面形貌、热稳定性和力学性能的影响。结果表明,不同含量氧化石墨烯处理的SCF试样表面可见断续分布、均匀分布和局部富集的氧化石墨烯。氧化石墨烯在SCF外包裹有助于抑制聚丙烯树脂结晶并提升导热性;随着GO含量升高,GO-SCF/PP复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度先增大后减小,在GO含量为0.5%时取得最大值;PP、GO0.5-PP和GO1-PP的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度相差不大,而GO0.5-SCF/GO0.5-PP复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度要高于GO-SCF/PP复合材料,且具有最佳的综合力学性能。     

羟基磷灰石/外消旋聚乳酸复合材料的制备、力学性能及体外降解

采用液相吸附法制备了羟基磷灰石/外消旋聚乳酸[hydroxyapatite/poly-D,L(racemic)lactic acid,HA/PDLLA]复合材料,通过材料实验机和体外模拟试验研究了复合材料的力学性能和体外降解性能.对材料的力学测试表明,由于加入了质量分数为10%的HA颗粒,复合材料的力学性能得到了改善,复合材料的弯曲强度达146.2 MPa,弯曲模量为2.5 GPa,与纯PDLLA材料相比,弯曲强度提高了9.4 MPa,弯曲模量提高了0.2 GPa,同时其拉伸强度下降并不明显.体外降解模拟试验结果表明,HA含量为10%的复合材料在前6周的质量损失小于1%,在第12周的最终质量损失为5.4%,其在降解中后期的质量损失比纯PDLLA材料低约2%～3%.     

Pultruded fiber reinforced thermoplastic poly(methyl methacrylate) composites. Part II: Mechanical and thermal properties

A novel process has been developed to manufacture poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) pultruded parts. The mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties, environmental effects, postformability of pultruded composites and properties of various fiber (glass, carbon and Kevlar 49 aramid fiber) reinforced PMMA composites have been studied. Results show that the mechanical and thermal properties (i.e. tensile strength, flexural strength and modulus, impact strength and HDT) increase with fiber content. Kevlar fiber/PMMA composites possess the highest impact strength and HDT, while carbon fiber/PMMA composites show the highest tensile strength, tensile and flexural modulus, and glass fiber/PMMA composites show the highest flexural strength. Experimental tensile strengths of all composites except carbon fiber/PMMA composites follow the rule of mixtures. The deviation of carbon fiber/PMMA composite is due to the fiber breakage during processing. Pultruded glass fiber reinforced PMMA composites exhibit good weather resistance. They can be postformed by thermoforming, and mechanical properties can be improved by postforming. The dynamic shear storage modulus (G′) of pultruded glass fiber reinforced PMMA composites increased with decreasing pulling rate, and G′ was higher than that of pultruded Nylon 6 and polyester composites.     

碳纤维含量对PMMA-PMA基复合材料显微结构及力学性能的影响(英文)

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(polymethyl methacrylate,PMMA)和丙烯酸甲酯(polymethyl acrylate,PMA)为原料、短切碳纤维(Cf)为增强相,采用悬浮聚合法制备碳纤维增强聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯-聚丙烯酸甲酯基复合材料(carbon fiber-reinforced polymethyl methacrylate-polymethyl acrylate matrix composites,Cf/PMMA-PMA)。研究碳纤维含量(质量分数,下同)对Cf/PMMA-PMA显微结构及力学性能(抗折强度、抗压强度和拉伸强度)的影响。结果表明:随碳纤维含量增加,Cf/PMMA-PMA的挠度呈线性增长,而抗折强度、抗压强度和拉伸强度呈先增大后减小趋势。当碳纤维含量为15%时,Cf/PMMA-PMA的抗折强度、抗压强度和拉伸强度分别达到最大值115.5、244.6MPa和158.6MPa。     

Pultruded fiber-reinforced poly(methyl methacrylate) composites. II. Static and dynamic mechanical properties,environmental effect,and postformability

This paper presents a novel process developed to manufacture poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) pultruded composite. The mechanical, thermal, and dynamic mechanical properties, environmental effect, postformability of various fiber (glass, carbon, and Kevlar 49 aramid fiber) reinforced pultruded PMMA composites have been studied. Results show mechanical properties (i.e., tensile strength, specific tensile strength, tensile modulus, and specific flexural strength) and thermal properties (HDT) increase with fiber content. Kevlar fiber/PMMA composites possess the highest specific tensile strength and HDT, carbon fiber/PMMA composites show the highest tensile strength and tensile modulus, and glass fiber/PMMA composites show the highest specific flexural strength. Pultruded glass-fiber-reinforced PMMA composites exhibit good weather resistance. These composite materials can be postformed by thermoforming under pressure, and mechanical properties of postformed products can be improved. The dynamic shear storage and loss modulus (G′, G″) of pultruded glass-fiber-reinforced PMMA composites increased with decreasing pulling rate, and their shear storage moduli are higher than those of pultruded Nylon 6 and polyester composites.     

超高分子量聚乙烯纤维/有机玻璃复合材料摩擦磨损性能研究

用真空浸渍法成功制备出了超高分子量聚乙烯纤维／有机玻璃(UHMWPE／PMMA)复合材料，并对基体材料PMMA，单向超高分子量聚乙烯纤雏／有机玻璃复合材料以及三维编织超高分子量聚乙烯纤维／有机玻璃(即UHMWPE3D／PMMA)复合材料的摩擦磨损性能进行了研究。实验证明UHMWPE／PMMA复合材料具有优良的摩擦磨损性能。经过纤维增强的复合材料的摩擦磨损性能优于基体材料，三维编织纤维增强的复合材料其磨损远小于单向纤维增强的复合材料，但其摩擦系数没有显著变化。     

Preparation and properties of carbon fiber/ hydroxyapatite‐poly(methyl methacrylate) biocomposites

An in situ polymerization with a later solution co‐mixing approach was used in the preparation of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) matrix composites using hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles and short carbon fibers(C_(f)) as reinforcing materials. The microstructures and fracture surface morphologies of the prepared C_(f)/HA‐PMMA composite were characterized using XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDS, and FESEM analyses. The mechanical properties of the composites were tested by a universal testing machine. Results show that the surface of nitric acid‐oxidized carbon fibers and lecithin‐treated HA contain new functional groups. Uniform dispersion of short fibers and HA nanoparticles in PMMA matrix is successfully achieved and the mechanical properties of the composites are obviously improved. The flexural strength, flexural modulus, and Young's modulus of the composites reach the maximum value 128.12 MPa, 1.150 GPa, and 4.572 GPa when carbon fiber and HA mass fraction arrive to 4% and 8%, respectively. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Characterization of three‐dimensional braided polyethylene fiber–PMMA composites and influence of fiber surface treatment

Three‐dimensional (3D) braided polyethylene (PE) fiber‐reinforced poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), denoted as PE_3D/PMMA, composites were prepared. Mechanical properties including flexural and impact properties, and wear resistance were tested and compared with those of the corresponding unidirectional PE fiber–PMMA (abbreviated to PE_L/PMMA) composites. Both untreated and chromic acid‐treated PE fibers were used to fabricate the 3D composites in an attempt to assess the effect of chromic acid treatment on the mechanical properties of the composites. Relative changes of mechanical properties caused by fiber surface treatment were compared between the PE_3D/PMMA and PE_L/PMMA composites. The treated and untreated PE fibers were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and analyzed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscope (XPS). SEM observations found that micro‐pits were created and that deeper and wider grooves were noted on the surfaces of the PE fibers. XPS analysis revealed that more hydroxyl (? OH) and carboxyl (? COOH) groups were formed after surface treatment. The physical and chemical changes on the surfaces of the PE fibers were responsible for the variations of the mechanical properties of the PE/PMMA composites. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 949–956, 2006     

碳纤维/聚苯并(噁)嗪复合材料的界面与力学性能的关系研究

本文采用含不同上胶剂的碳纤维与苯并(噁)嗪树脂复合,制备碳纤维/聚苯并(噁)嗪单向复合材料,研究了碳纤维表面上胶剂对于复合材料的层间剪切强度(ILSS)、弯曲性能、断口形貌及动态机械性能的影响.结果表明,含有环氧树脂上胶剂的碳纤维/苯并(噁)嗪树脂基复合材料(EPCF/PBZ)的ILSS和弯曲性能优于含非环氧类树脂上胶剂的碳纤维/苯并(噁)嗪树脂基复合材料(VECF/PBZ)和不含上胶剂的碳纤维/苯并(噁)嗪树脂基复合材料(USCF/PBZ).环氧树脂上胶剂改善了纤维与苯并(噁)嗪树脂的粘结性能,使复合材料的内耗峰峰高降低,能量损耗减小.电镜照片同样验证了这一结果.     

PVDF/PMMA/Basalt fiber composites: Morphology,melting and crystallization,structure, mechanical properties,and heat resistance

This paper is to study the effect of basalt fiber on morphology, melting and crystallization, structure, mechanical properties, melting and crystallization of PVDF/PMMA composites using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), dynamical mechanical analysis (DMA), etc. Basalt fiber may disperse well in PVDF/PMMA matrix and form compact fiber network, and this makes tensile and flexural strength of fiber reinforced PVDF/PMMA composites get to the maximum value of 62 and 102 MPa, respectively. However, the mechanical properties begin to decrease when basalt fiber content exceeds 20 wt %. The α and β phase of PVDF can coexist in composites, and basalt fiber and PMMA can induce β phase of PVDF. The melting temperature of PVDF in composites is kept unchanged, but the degree of crystallinity of composites increases as basalt fiber content increase, and then declines when fiber content exceeds 20%. The DSC results confirm that the nucleation ability of PVDF is enhanced by basalt fiber. Also, the heat resistance of PVDF/PMMA composite is improved from 133 to 146.1°C due to basalt fiber. The DMA shows that basalt fiber increases the storage modulus of PVDF/PMMA composite, and the loss peak of PMMA increases from 116.1 to 130°C. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40494.     

三维编织碳纤维尼龙复合材料的探索性研究

本文论述了根据碱催化阴离子聚合原理、用液态原位聚合方法制备三维编织碳纤维尼龙复合材料的成型工艺过程,测试并分析了其力学性能及其成型过程中的主要影响因素.结果表明,该复合材料的性能明显优于长碳纤维尼龙复合材料.     

炭/炭复合材料界面微观结构的研究

炭纤维增强炭基（炭／炭）复合材料中的界面结构直接影响着炭／炭材料的力学、热物理等各种性能。采用SEM、TIM等微观观察手段,就几种炭／炭复合材料界面的微观结构进行考察。对观察到的炭纤维与基体炭间的界面、同一纤维束中两根纤维间的界面,基体与其他外加物质间的界面、不同取向炭纤维间的界面、不同基体前驱体层间的界面等界面类型的细微结构进行了图示分析与讨论。