离子膜电解槽运行中的问题及解决办法

介绍了自贡鸿鹤化工股份有限公司离子膜电解槽近两年来在运行中出现的问题及解决措施，阐述了加强管理、稳定和提高离子膜电解运行效率的具体措施，提出了离子膜电解运行管理是一个系统管理过程的观点。指出实际生产中，加强离子膜电解槽运行管理，保持离子膜烧碱生产的正常、安全、连续平稳运行，减少开、停车次数，是离子膜电解槽高效运行的重要措施。     

离子膜电解槽运行9年总结

陕西金泰氯碱化工有限公司第1期10万t/a离子膜电解槽运行了2个膜周期,其中第2个周期的离子膜运行达60个月。介绍陕西金泰氯碱化工有限公司离子膜电解槽运行情况,总结了为有效保证离子膜超长时间的运行,离子膜运行到后期所采取的各种管理措施。     

国产离子膜DF988运行总结

介绍了国产离子膜安装和运行过程的关键点,并与同期进口离子膜运行数据进行对比,说明国产离子膜DF988的设计性能参数可以满足30DD350槽型的苛刻要求。经过17个月的实际运行考核,证明了国产离子膜运行数据优于同类型进口离子膜性能水平。     

离子膜电解槽运行小结

结合2个周期的离子膜运行状态,对实际生产中收集的数据进行比较,保证了离子膜、电解槽在最佳的状态运行,提高了电解槽和离子膜的运行周期,从而达到了降低生产成本的目的。     

压差波动及离子交换膜损伤问题的探讨

前　言自８０年代引进离子膜法制烧碱技术以来,离子膜法制烧碱在我国得到了迅猛的发展,离子膜法制烧碱技术的应用也日益成熟。但在装置的运行中仍存在许多不容忽视的问题,值得总结和探索。各项工艺指标的良好控制及运行过程中的稳定,是离子膜法制烧碱技术得到良好运用的基础和前提。在离子膜法制烧碱中,离子膜的寿命得到有效地保证和维护是衡量离子膜法技术应用水平的一个重要标志,故我们在吸收离子膜法技术时,要妥善解决影响离子膜寿命的各种因素,同时应积极研究离子交换膜和单元槽的各方面性能,研究电解运行中的不良状况,寻求解…     

离子膜N2030运行情况

介绍了杜邦N2030离子膜运行情况,并对影响膜长周期运行的一系列因素做了分析。结合该膜运行6年多时间的情况,总结了生产运行中的管理和操作要点,以进一步维护运行好离子膜。     

烧碱离子膜NX2030膜运行情况总结

介绍了杜邦NX2030离子膜运行情况,分析了影响膜长周期运行的因素。结合膜运行六年多的概况,总结了生产运行中管理和操作要点,为进一步维护运行好离子膜提供了参考。     

国产离子膜运行总结简

摘要：本文详细介绍了国产氯碱离子膜DF988在中盐常州化工股份有限公司工业化运行33个月的情况，详细分析了DF988的优缺点，介绍最新国产离子膜DF2801工业化运行的情况，为国产离子膜的工业化应用提供了翔实的数据。     

国产离子膜运行总结

本文详细介绍了国产氯碱离子膜DF988在中盐常州化工股份有限公司工业化运行33个月的情况,详细分析了DF988的优缺点,介绍最新国产离子膜DF2801工业化运行的情况,为国产离子膜的工业化应用提供了翔实的数据。     

国产氯碱离子膜DF2806在万吨装置的运行情况

介绍了国产DF2806氯碱离子膜在北化机万吨级离子膜工业实验装置的运行情况。     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.