汗印除去型防锈油

汗印除去型防锈油主要用于机加工车间工序间防锈,除去零部件表面的水膜及赤手接触后残留在金属表面的汗印,保护金属免除锈蚀;也用于产品封存前的清洗,特别是用气相缓蚀剂封存的产品,用它在封存前清洗尤为重要,因为气相缓蚀剂没有抑制手汗腐蚀的能力。即使采用某些防锈措施使封存期内不生锈,但启封使用时残留的汗印仍会使金属生锈,所以封存前的清除汗印是非常重要的。     

74-2硬膜防锈油的试验和应用

一、前言 防锈油、防锈脂,目前仍是我国机械制造工业中主要的防锈材料,但一般油封后都要包装,只适用于中、小型产品的封存。对于不能包装,露天存放的零件及大型产品,如用一般的防锈油、脂作为长期暴露封存,由于滴落、流淌等,使油膜流失及沾粘灰砂,因而达不到长期封存的目的。并且防锈脂在使用中由于启封不方便,识别标记差等缺点,影响到战备物资     

防锈防护组合技术在装备器材防锈封存中的应用

目的介绍防锈防护组合技术。方法通过典型装备器材防锈封存应用说明组合技术的特点、内容和效果,并进一步提出装备器材防锈防护技术包装的发展趋势。结果防锈-缓冲-阻隔包装技术已经在装备器材封存中广泛应用,现已形成标准化;以气相防锈棒为核心的组合封存技术已在火炮封存中成功应用,并得到权威部门鉴定和认可;气相防锈、干燥和除氧组合技术用于枪械封存包装,封存期可达10年以上。结论通过对装备器材防锈防护技术包装发展趋势进行分析和展望,提出装备快速反应、包装轻量化、材料多功能化、效果可视化和封存技术组合化是未来的发展方向。     

ZFR-30、ZFR-16轴承防锈润滑油

前言轴承防锈润滑油ZFR-30和ZFR-16是以防锈润滑多效添加剂、防锈添加剂、抗氧剂、助溶剂和基础油等为原料制成的具有防锈润滑特性的防护新材料,对黑色金属、有色金属及镀层均有强的保护能力,既可作长期封存防锈用,又能不经启封清洗直接装机使用,对于节省原材料,简化清洗、更换润     

气相防锈热收缩包装技术应用于核电设备防锈

目的 介绍气相防锈热收缩包装技术,并应用该技术解决大型核电金属设备在三年期封存过程中的锈蚀问题。方法 以气相防锈热收缩薄膜为核心的组合封存技术对大型核电设备进行三年期的封存防锈,并对气相防锈热收缩包装技术在现场应用的效果进行评价。结果 通过现场应用效果验证,采用气相防锈热收缩包装技术进行三年期组合封存的核电设备未发生锈蚀,核电金属设备表面与三年前无明显差别,光洁如新,防锈效果优异。结论 气相防锈热收缩包装技术是实现大型核电金属设备在库房内三年期封存防锈的一种有效方法,操作工艺简单、防锈材料易去除。     

ZFR-30、ZFR-16轴承防锈润滑油

前言轴承防锈润滑油ZFR-30和ZFR-16是以防锈润滑多效添加剂、防锈添加剂、抗氧剂、助溶剂和基础油等为原料制成的具有防锈润滑特性的防护新材料,对黑色金属、有色金属及镀层均有强的保护能力,既可作长期封存防锈用,又能不经启封清洗直接装机使用,对于节省原材料,简化清洗、更换润     

基于费效分析的航材封存方式选择

目的利用费效分析对不同类型航材的封存包装方式进行评估。方法针对不同类型的航材,利用灰色层次分析法计算不同封存方法的效能指标,将封存包装费用分解,利用数据拟合方式分别得到不同类型费用的曲线,通过效能-费用比确定不同类型航材的最佳封存方式。结果封存的效能-费用比与航材体积相关性较强。对体积较小的金属类航材,气相封存的效能-费用比最高,特别是航材的价值也较小时,气相封存的优势明显;体积大于1500 cm~3的金属类航材,综合封存方式效能-费用比最高;对于机载设备类的航材,综合封存的效能-费用比始终高于干燥空气封存。结论价值和体积都较小的金属类航材应选择气相封存,其余金属类航材和全部机载设备应当选择综合封存方式。     

航材封存期限确定的方法

目的研究科学确定航材封存期的方法。方法深入分析航材封存期限的现状及影响航材封存期限的因素,研究通过运输实验、贮存实验和计算机模拟计算的方法确定航材封存期限,探讨延长航材封存期限的可能。结果影响航材封存期限的关键因素是包装材料的水蒸气透过率和氧气透过率,可以据此计算航材封存期。结论通过运输实验、贮存实验和计算机模拟计算的方法可以确定航材封存期,对延长封存期具有重要的意义。     

防锈用热熔型可剥性塑料

随着我国社会主义建设的飞跃发展,对金属材料、机械、量刃具、出口援外等产品的防锈封存工作,提出了更高的要求.为此,探讨新的防锈技术和试验新的防锈封存材料,就显得更为重要了. 可剥性塑料对金属防锈封存具有良好的效果,是较新型的一种保护材料.其优点是防锈有效期长,启封简便,保护层透明,光洁美观,可从保护层外表清晰地看到产品的商标及外观,它是一种可代替油封包装的材料.在某些工业较发达的国家,已得到了广泛的应用.我国有关单位也已予以重视,对它展开了研究和应用. 这种材料是以醋酸丁酸纤维素或乙基纤维素为主要成膜物质,加入各种添加剂如助膜剂、增塑剂、抗水剂、抗氧剂、缓蚀剂、色泽稳定剂、防霉剂等,以防止护膜的水解     

8105气相防锈纸在封存轴承上的应用

我公司于1965年初开始用气相防锈纸封存轴承,由于封存方法简便,防锈期长,深受欢迎.但是,这类防锈纸仅能适用于黑色金属,对铜、铝保持架的轴承就难能使用了.此外,用这些防锈纸封存轴承一段时间,轴承上产生凝结物,往往启封后转动不灵,须经酒精清洗、烘干后才可使用.微型轴承及带防尘盖的轴承,就不能用此类气相纸封存,而这类轴承在工厂中的使用量又很大.我们期待着有一种(1) 能适用于多种金属,特别是钢、铜、铝及钢上镀锌等; (2)不产生固体结晶物; (3) 有一个在室温条件下其蒸汽压在10~(-3)～10~(-2)毫米汞柱之间,也就是     

Estimation of Parameters of Universal Distribution of Moments of Failure of Products

A method is proposed for estimating the parameters of a mixture of exponential and Weibull distributions for which the accuracy of preliminary estimates obtained by graphical analysis is refined in accordance with the criterion of maximum likelihood. The efficiency of the proposed method is supported by the results of statistical modeling.     

Evaluation of optical properties of highly scattering media by moments of distributions of times of flight of photons

A novel method for the determination of the optical properties of tissue from time-domain measurements is presented. The data analysis is based on the evaluation of the first moment and the second centralized moment, i.e., the mean time of flight and the variance of the measured distribution of times of flight (DTOF) of photons injected by short (picosecond) laser pulses. Analytical expressions are derived for calculation of absorption and of reduced scattering coefficients from these moments by application of diffusion theory for infinite and semi-infinite homogeneous media. The proposed method was tested on experimental data obtained with phantoms, and results for absorption and reduced scattering coefficients obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by fitting of the same data with analytical solutions of the diffusion equation. Furthermore, the accuracy of the moment analysis was investigated for a range of integration limits of the DTOF. The moment analysis may serve as a comparatively fast method for evaluating optical properties with sufficient accuracy and can be used, e.g., for on-line monitoring of optical properties of biological tissue.     

Analysis of the rate of propagation of the wave of change of boiling modes

An approximate analytical expression is derived for the velocity of the front of the wave of change of boiling modes on a rod and on a plate. The impact of the Thomson effect and of the heater orientation in the gravity field is included. Adequate agreement is demonstrated between the derived relations and experimental data.     

Estimation of potentialities of methods of summation of direct measurement errors

Conventional methods for summation of direct measurement errors are considered. Conditions under which these methods provide consistent results are stated. It is proposed to utilize for characteristic of the total error, its interval estimator or the half-sum of the value obtained by adding up its arithmetic and geometric random errors.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 10–12, April, 1995.     

空压机轴承箱蜗壳温度探头油封改造

由于空压机进气侧轴承箱蜗壳温度探头密封效果不好,使空压机及其后续管道受到油污染。后将温度探头的O形圈密封改为骨架油封,杜绝了轴承箱漏油问题。文章简介空压机的结构和技术参数,详细介绍了骨架油封的制作和优点。     

Characteristics of mechanical properties of materials in studies of conditions of attainment of marginal states

It is shown that conditions of attainment of marginal states in the material of structural components are formulated on the basis of analysis of force and deformation criteria of formation and development of destruction. The parameters of these criteria are data on types of structural materials, standard and special characteristics of their mechanical properties, structural forms of considered elements of the equipment, and their operating stress loading. In this case, the construction of a system of state equations for describing interrelation of current damage, external actions, and responses to them is based on the concept of calculating variations in properties of materials at all stages of the design life cycle.     

Determination of parameters of microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by the method of modeling

The article suggests a method of evaluating the microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by modeling. The method includes the measurement of deformations of metal according to meshes of a dividing grid with small base and the calculation of the distribution parameters of microdeformations in model representation. It is shown that the modeling method makes it possible objectively to evaluate the microinhomogeneity of deformation of metals independently of the chosen mesh size of the dividing grid. New structural characteristics are introduced: the base and wave of variation expressing the degree of crumbling or amalgamation of metal grains by inhomogeneity of deformation.Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 7, pp. 40–44, July, 1991.     

水三相点复现的不确定度评定

水三相点是开尔文热力学温度的唯一基准点，也是ITS-90国际温标重要的定义固定点。因此，水三相点不确定度分析对整个温标的建立、温度量值传递起着至关重要的作用。近3年来，中国计量科学研究院研制出一系列高质量的水三相点容器，加强了水三相点的研究，为不确定度的分析提供了更为可靠的实验依据。同时，不确定度的分析也是客观评价新研制容器性能的一个重要指标。因此，根据实验结果对新研制容器所复现的水三相点进行了不确定度评定。评定结果表明，其扩展不确定度为0．16mK(k=2．69，P=0．99)。