浅谈水产品质量安全及对策

水产品具有低脂肪、高蛋白、营养平衡性好的特点,成为风靡全球的健康食品。我国是水产品生产和消费大国,水产品及其加工在国民经济中占有重地位。随着高密度集约化养殖技术的推广,水产养殖业得到迅猛发展。渔业的高速发展,带动并促进了各地渔业经济、出口创汇等快速发展,带来巨大的经济效益。但是,近年来频繁发生的水产品质量安全事件,给我国水产养殖者和相关出口贸易企业造成了很大的经济损失。本文对我国水产品存在的质量安全问题进行总结,分析其主原因并在此基础上提出解决与完善的相应建议。     

工业互联网安全产业发展态势及路径研究

工业互联网安全是实现我国工业互联网产业高质量发展的重要前提和保障,也是建设网络强国和制造强国战略的重要支撑。本文针对我国工业互联网安全产业发展面临的问题,分析了工业互联网安全在产业政策、标准体系、产业结构、产业规模等方面的发展现状,研判了工业互联网安全产业面临的历史机遇和发展趋势,提出了构建新一代工业互联网安全产业的发展路径。研究建议,加强顶层设计和政策引导,强化科技创新与转化,构建良好的产业发展生态,注重供应链安全与稳定,加强人才培养与队伍建设;立足全局、统筹联动,坚持"政产学研用"融合发展,探索出适合我国工业互联网安全产业的可持续发展路径。     

环境友好型水产养殖业发展战略

本项研究在总结我国水产养殖业发展主要经验基础上,论述了进一步发展水产养殖业的战略意义。在绿色、低碳和碳汇渔业发展新理念引导下,提出环境友好型水产养殖业发展战略,主要包括:推动水产养殖业现代化发展的"养护、拓展和高技术"三大发展战略;实现水产养殖业"高效、优质、生态、健康、安全"可持续发展的任务目标;近期需着力构建的现代水产养殖业创新发展体系的重点任务等。针对目前产业存在的问题和发展需求,提出重视水产养殖对发展空间的需求、建立养殖水域容纳量评估制度、发展生态系统水平的新型养殖生产模式、实施养殖装备提升工程、加强水产养殖管理与执法能力建设等对策建议。     

水产生态养殖与新养殖模式发展战略研究

发展可持续的水产养殖对于保障水产品供给、改善膳食结构、促进农民增收等方面具有重要意义。本文系统阐述了水产生态养殖与新养殖模式发展战略研究的意义,分析了国内外水产养殖业的发展现状,结合国内外水产生态养殖与新养殖模式发展的经验以及我国面临的主要问题,提出了我国水产养殖业高效、可持续发展的关键技术和对策建议。     

我国盐碱水渔业现状与发展对策

积极开发利用盐碱水域资源是有效拓展水产养殖空间的重要举措。本文介绍了我国盐碱水渔业的发展现状与取得的主要经验,分析了未来我国盐碱水渔业发展面临的主要问题,并从资源评价与利用、生态系统构建、耐盐碱新品种培育、高效健康养殖、生态效益评价和信息共享平台建设六大方面提出了盐碱水渔业科技创新的重点任务;同时,针对政府和企业在推动盐碱水可持续渔业发展中的不同作用与定位提出了相应的支撑保障与政策建议。     

开拓我国深远海养殖新空间的战略研究

海水养殖是对国家食物安全、国民经济和贸易平衡做出重要贡献的产业。为实现新时期我国海水养殖业的可持续发展,急需拓展养殖新空间,实施深远海养殖战略。深远海海水养殖是一个综合体系,包含适养物种、养殖技术、养殖装备、能源供给、海陆接力物流、水产品加工和减灾防灾策略等要素。本文基于开拓海水养殖新空间的战略构想,提出了我国发展深远海海水养殖体系的战略任务,包括:适宜品种繁育和高效养殖技术体系;以深远海养殖平台为核心的新型海洋渔业生产模式;深远海海水养殖能源保障系统;海洋水产品智能化物流系统网络平台。基于此,还提出了相关政策建议。     

养殖业“十三五”发展趋势与政策建议

"十三五"期间乃至未来一段时间内,我国养殖产品需求仍呈刚性增长,但是养殖业面临资源短缺日趋严重、环境制约日益加剧等不利局面,同时面临国际竞争对国内产业冲击加剧等新的形势,未来我国养殖业必须走可持续发展道路。本文基于对我国养殖业的发展现状、可持续发展所面临的挑战,形成对我国养殖业可持续发展形势的基本判断,针对"十三五",凝练了养殖业可持续发展的战略目标、基本原则和战略重点,并提出了"进一步明确养殖业在现代农业中的战略主导地位""合理利用国际市场保障我国食物安全""加快启动和实施一批养殖科技重点研发计划"等重大建议,为我国养殖业加快发展方式转变、实现现代化提供理论支撑。     

我国水产品贸易浅析

近年来我国频发的食品质量安全事件,使消费者对我国水产品的食用安全产生怀疑,影响了我国水产品的出口贸易和渔业经济的可持续发展。因此,全面提高我国水产品质量,对于保障人类健康,提高我国水产品参与国际贸易竞争的能力、促进我国渔业持续、稳定、健康发展具有重要的现实意义。     

淮安市水产品质量安全的现状及对策

现在随着人们生活水平的提高和保健意识的增强,水产品质量安全问题已引起人们的普遍关注,人们愈来愈关注水产品的安全卫生。本文主要介绍了淮安市水产品质量存在着药物残留、重金属超标和致病生物等方面的问题,并针对这些问题提出了相应的对策,以期对提高水产品质量、保障食品安全、提高淮安市出口水产品的质量、扩大水产品出口起促进作用。     

水产健康养殖理念与发展对策

随着水产养殖业规模的扩大和养殖集约化程度逐步提高,人们对产量的片面追求导致养殖环境日趋恶化,病害发生率越来越高,水产品的质量不断下滑,安全问题成为人们关注的焦点。本文从水产健康养殖理念的形成与发展、涉及关键技术问题以及发展趋势等方面探讨了水产健康养殖的重要性和紧迫性,并从科研、技术、产业和政策法规等方面对水产健康养殖的实施和推广提出了一些建议和对策。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.