适合于压铸镁合金着色的阳极氧化工艺研究

利用正交试验，开发出一种新型环保型的适合着色的镁合金阳极氧化工艺，采用此工艺能在镁合金表面上形成灰白色、均匀、多孔的光滑膜层．这种膜层具有良好的着色效果，可获得多种颜色。利用电流-时间曲线、XRD、SEM对阳极氧化成膜过程、膜层成分、形貌和结构进行了研究。     

镁合金微弧氧化技术及其膜的耐蚀性能

本文介绍了微弧氧化技术的几种成膜机理;论证了镁合金微弧氧化膜具有很好的耐蚀性能,且微弧氧化工艺比普通的阳极氧化工艺简单。同时,镁合金的微弧氧化膜层还具有耐磨性、电绝缘性等一些优良性能,这使得微孤氧化技术有广泛的应用前景。     

镁合金阳极氧化膜的生长动力学过程

阳极氧化是镁合金的重要防腐表面处理技术,但目前对镁合金阳极氧化成膜的形成机制还不十分清楚。本工作从成膜过程、微观形貌、组分、元素的传质行为、合金相对成膜的影响、物理生长模型等方面综述了镁合金阳极氧化成膜的生长动力学过程,提出了镁合金阳极氧化有待深入研究的方向。这将有利于掌握镁合金阳极氧化成膜机制,改进其阳极氧化工艺,扩大镁合金的实际应用。     

乙二胺四乙酸对AZ31镁合金复合阳极氧化膜性能的影响

采用阳极氧化方法在AZ31镁合金表面制备了一种新的包含Al2O3纳米颗粒的复合阳极氧化膜,研究了添加剂乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)对复合阳极氧化的影响。采用扫描电镜观察了复合阳极氧化膜的表面形貌及磨痕的形貌;利用涡流测厚仪测试了复合阳极氧化膜的厚度;采用极化曲线和往复摩擦磨损试验评价了复合阳极氧化膜的耐蚀性和耐磨性。结果表明,有机添加剂EDTA对阳极氧化的成膜电压、氧化膜表面形貌、厚度及其耐蚀性能均有较大影响。当EDTA浓度为0.03 mol/L时,复合阳极氧化膜表面连续致密,孔洞细小且分布均匀,耐蚀性能相对较优,且具备优异的耐磨性能。     

AZ91D合金的阳极氧化新工艺

研制了一种新型镁合金的无Cr阳极氧化配方 ,对镁合金进行阳极化处理 .溶液的主要成分为NaOH、NaSiF6和有机添加剂 .XRD、SEM、XPS测试结果表明 ,氧化膜主要由MgO、MgAl2 O4 和 2Al2 O3 ·2SiO2 ·H2 O组成 .3 5 %NaCl水溶液动电位极化结果说明 ,氧化膜有良好耐点蚀性能 .合金中Si、Al元素的氧化弥补了Mg氧化时的体积收缩 ,氧化膜无裂纹 ,为其耐点蚀提供了条件 .阳极化后Al、Si元素在表面均匀分布 ,是氧化膜具有良好保护作用的原因之一 .     

铜锡合金阳极在熔融碳酸盐中氧化膜的形成及其防护性能

通过动电位扫描阳极氧化成膜、恒电位预氧化成膜以及开路电位浸泡预氧化成膜3种途径分别得到了3种氧化膜各有差异的QSn7-0.2铜锡合金电极。采用光学显微分析与XRD测试,表征了各氧化膜的形貌和成分,并且利用阳极极化曲线研究了3种成膜电极在450℃Li-Na-K三元共晶熔融碳酸盐中作为惰性析氧阳极的可行性。结果表明,恒电位预氧化成膜以及开路电位浸泡预氧化成膜两种成膜方法均能够在QSn7-0.2铜锡合金阳极表面形成含SnO_2的氧化膜,该膜能够显著阻碍基体合金中Cu的阳极溶解腐蚀,并且对析氧反应具有确定的电催化性能。     

加工态与铸造态的AZ40镁合金阳极氧化耐蚀性对比

利用正交试验确定了阳极氧化电解液配方,通过比较铸造态和加工态AZ40镁合金金相组织、阳极氧化膜表面形貌、极化曲线,解释加工状态对AZ40镁合金阳极氧化耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,加工态镁合金的腐蚀速率为87．73202mg／（m^2·h）,铸造态镁合金的腐蚀速率为106．37mg／（m^2·h）。由于加工态镁合金的合金元素参与阳极氧化,使膜层结合更致密,表面几乎没有裂纹,对基体更具有保护性。     

硬脂酸添加剂对AZ91D镁合金阳极氧化膜耐蚀性的影响

目的通过含有硬脂酸添加剂的阳极氧化工艺,获得耐蚀性优异的镁合金阳极氧化膜。方法采用直流电源阳极氧化法,在含有2 g/L硬脂酸的碱性氧化液中进行阳极氧化。通过SEM、ImageJ软件和TT230测厚仪分析氧化膜的微观形貌和膜厚,通过FTIR、XPS和XRD分析膜层成分,通过电化学测试检测膜层的耐蚀性能。结果氧化液中添加硬脂酸后,制备的氧化膜层孔隙率降低,孔径减小,孔洞数量下降,厚度增大,致密度提高。膜层的自腐蚀电流密度为3.15×10^–7 A/cm^2,与未加硬脂酸制备的氧化膜相比,降低了2个数量级,耐蚀性显著提升。结论硬脂酸添加剂通过提升成膜电压,增强火花放电效应、表面活性剂作用,改变膜层成分等机制,提升膜层耐蚀性能。     

氨基酸类有机添加剂对镁合金阳极氧化的影响及其作用机制研究

为了进一步改善镁合金表面阳极氧化膜的质量和性能,在Na OH+Na_2SiO_3基础电解液中添加氨基酸类有机添加剂对AZ31镁合金进行阳极氧化,研究了氨基酸类有机添加剂对镁合金阳极氧化过程及氧化膜厚度、表面形貌、结构及耐蚀性的影响。探讨了有机添加剂在镁合金阳极氧化中的作用机制。结果表明:不同的氨基酸对镁合金阳极氧化过程及氧化膜性能影响不尽相同,其中乙二胺四乙酸和L-鸟氨酸醋酸盐可显著提高阳极氧化的击穿电压,起到明显的抑弧作用,大幅度提高了氧化膜的厚度、致密性和耐蚀性能。有机添加剂主要通过缓蚀、抑弧和表面活性剂3方面的综合作用来影响镁合金阳极氧化的过程及氧化膜的性能。     

邻苯二甲酸氢钾-硼酸盐电解液中AZ91D镁合金的阳极氧化(英文)

研究 AZ91D 镁合金在邻苯二甲酸氢钾-硼酸盐碱性环保型电解液中的阳极氧化行为。考察邻苯二甲酸氢钾对阳极氧化膜层性能的影响,并利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X 射线衍射(XRD)、动电位极化和电化学阻抗(EIS)进行分析表征。结果表明,邻苯二甲酸氢钾的浓度对阳极氧化成膜过程,氧化膜的表面形貌、厚度、相结构和耐腐蚀性能都有重要影响。在硼酸盐电解液中加入适量的邻苯二甲酸氢钾以后,制得的阳极氧化膜表面光滑、致密,与镁合金基体的结合力强,具有优异的耐腐蚀性能。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.