基于粒子群优化算法的动力定位非线性观测器设计

针对船舶动力定位控制系统中的状态估计问题,提出了一种非线性状态观测器设计方法。采用类Lyapunov方法设计无源观测器,以估计误差的低通滤波信号作为增广状态变量,通过在观测器方程中引入增广状态变量以减少高频运动分量对低频运动参数估计的影响,采用粒子群优化算法对观测器增益矩阵中的9个关键参数进行组合寻优进一步提高观测器动态性能。还以一艘供给船为例进行仿真分析,验证了所设计非线性观测器的有效性。     

动力定位船舶自适应滑模无源观测器设计

针对带有模型参数不确定性的动力定位船舶,提出一种动力定位船全速域自适应滑模无源观测器,解决了现有观测器只能应用于低速作业动力定位系统的问题.采用速度估计误差作为滑模面,设计切换自适应律估计模型不确定项上界,保证了观测器增益的有界性和系统鲁棒性.对速度估计回路的无源性进行了分析,并证明了观测器的稳定性.最后利用船舶动力定位系统半实物仿真平台,验证了算法的有效性.     

基于粒子群优化的多维标度节点定位算法

针对无线传感网络节点定位易受外部环境影响的问题,提出一种基于粒子群寻优的多位标度定位算法。利用基于动态路径损耗指数的接受信号强度测距,建立距离矩阵,使用多维标度方法构建节点的相对坐标,通过四参数坐标转换模型得到绝对坐标,再用绝对坐标与实际坐标的差异度作为粒子群寻优的适应度函数,通过分群搜索,优化节点位置估计。仿真结果表明：改进算法对实际环境影响具有较好的鲁棒性,节点定位精度有了明显的提高,能够满足定位系统需求。     

基于粒子群优化算法的PID控制器参数整定

PID控制器的性能完全依赖于其参数的整定和优化，但参数的整定及在线自适应调整对常规的PID控制器是难以解决的问题。根据粒子群算法具有对整个参数空间进行高效并行搜索的特点，提出了一种基于粒子群优化算法整定PID控制器参数的设计方法，并定义了一种新的性能指标函数来评价PID控制器的性能。现以二阶的船舶控制装置为研究对象，运用粒子群优化方法对PID控制器参数进行了寻优研究。仿真结果表明，该方法比一般PID参数整定方法具有更好的控制性能指标，有着一定的工程应用价值。     

QPSO算法优化的非线性观测器设计方法研究

具有量子行为的粒子群优化算法(Quantum-behavedParticleSwarmOptimization,简称QPSO)是继粒子群优化算法(ParticleSwarmOptimization,简称PSO)后,最新提出的一种新型、高效的进化算法。论文在研究基于PSO算法的非线性观测器基础上,提出了一种基于QPSO算法的非线性观测设计方法。以vanderPol系统为例进行了仿真实验,其基本思想是将非线性连续时间系统的状态估计问题转换为非线性函数的在线优化问题,然后利用PSO或QPSO算法获得系统状态的最优估计。仿真结果显示了基于QPSO算法的非观测器比基于PSO算法的非线性观测器的性能更优越。     

基于自适应变异的混沌粒子群优化算法

粒子群优化算法参数少,寻优速度快,但其寻优效率低且在寻优后期易早熟收敛。为改善其寻优性能,在标准粒子群优化算法中,通过引入混沌映射和自适应变异策略,提出具有自适应变异的混沌粒子群优化（ACPSO）算法,以增强种群的全局寻优性能和局部寻优效率。六个基准测试函数的仿真结果表明,ACPSO算法比已有的五个算法具有更好的寻优能力。     

免疫粒子群算法在污水生化处理过程中的应用

针对污水生化处理过程,设计了一种新型算法。以粒子群算法对控制过程进行寻优,利用粒子群的快速搜索能力,保证了寻优速度;以混沌序列对粒子群进行初始化,提高了初始粒子群的质量,促进粒子群快速寻优;以免疫算法对粒子群进行克隆、变异及抑制,保证了粒子群的多样性,提高了粒子群的全局寻优能力,克服了粒子群的早熟问题。仿真结果表明,该算法大大提高了优化的性能和质量,在保持出水水质符合标准的前提下使污水处理的经济成本达到最优。     

一种鲁棒的动力定位系统状态估计算法

状态估计在船舶动力定位控制系统中占有十分重要的地位,是该领域的研究热点问题之一。该文针对水面三自由度船舶动力定位控制的状态估计问题,利用滑模变结构控制对参数摄动完全自适应的特点,提出了一种滑模观测器的设计方法,基于三自由度船舶的低频和高频数学模型,根据速度观测误差构成滑模面对低频位置和速度进行估计,采用双曲正切函数作为切换函数,运用无源性理论和李雅普诺夫稳定性判据对观测器的稳定性进行了分析证明,基于频域分析方法确定观测器的增益矩阵。以一艘供给船为例对设计的滑模观测器进行了仿真分析,验证了观测器的有效性和鲁棒性。     

基于粒子群算法的自整定PID控制器

粒子群算法是一种基于群智能的全局寻优方法,方法简单易于实现,寻优效果好。本文设计了一种基于粒子群算法的自整定PID控制器。它可以根据系统参数的变化实现在线的PID参数优化。仿真结果证明其性能良好。     

基于粒子群算法的自整定PID控制器

粒子群算法是一种基于群智能的全局寻优方法,方法简单易于实现,寻优效果好.本文设计了一种基于粒子群算法的自整定PID控制器.它可以根据系统参数的变化实现在线的PID参数优化.仿真结果证明其性能良好.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

基于AD9626的模拟信号采集存储卡设计

自然界的绝大部分信号都是以模拟的形式存在,因此模拟信号的采集转换存储在数字时代十分关键。文章讨论了在雷达信号处理领域基于AD9626的AD采集存储卡的设计原理、硬件结构和程序设计与芯片配置等问题,为今后相关领域的研究提供了可参考的方案。     

A human-computer interface for non-computer specialists

The COM teleconferencing system was designed to be easy to use for both beginners and people with much computer experience. A number of design choices in organizing the human-computer interface were considered very carefully. These design problems are not unique for teleconferencing applications, but will appear in many other developments of human-computer interfaces for non-computer specialists. This report discusses naming conventions, menu format, user commands, help facility and the treatment of ‘type ahead’ from the users.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

Call for papers Special issue on Modeling and control technologies for civil,energy,and power systems

正The control of civil,energy,and power systems presents significant new challenges for modeling and control theory.The purpose of this special issue is to provide a forum for researchers and practical engineers to discuss the recent advances in modeling and control technology development for civil,energy,and power systems.Prospective authors are invited to submit their original contributions with the focus on theory or applications of modeling,control     

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正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate and promote academic exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists everywhere.