霞石正长岩玻璃配合料的节能效应

霞石正长岩玻璃配合料的节能效应蔡序珩，王传辉，赵世玺，郭献军，魏平（洛阳工业高等专科学校４７１００３）一、前言霞石正长岩玻璃配合料的节能效应已引起国内外行家的注意。Ｓ．Ｊ．莱方德认为霞石正长岩熔点较低，这就降低了玻璃配合料的熔解温度，使其较快熔融，提...     

一种新型玻璃原料——霞石正长岩

介绍了一种新型玻璃原料霞石正长岩在国内外的开发利用情况,着重介绍了安阳霞石正长岩的矿藏、成分、开发和生产情况。     

霞石与碱性长石在石英熔解过程中的比较

用相同的一种玻璃成分分别配制含霞石正长岩和碱性长石的两种配合料,旨在比较霞石与碱性长石在石英熔解中的作用。对两种配合料进行差热研究,再分别另热至３００、５００、７００、９００、１１００和１４３０℃后,对不同加热温度的试样进行了Ｘ－射线衍射研究,实验数据表明,霞石正长岩玻璃配合料比碱性长石玻璃配合料的碳酸盐相分解和硅酸盐相生长要快,当加热到１１００℃时,Ｘ－射线衍射数据表明含霞石正长岩的配合料比含碱     

霞石正长岩对碱-硅酸反应的影响

以霞石正长岩为代表,研究了含碱集料对碱-硅酸反应膨胀的影响。研究结果表明,80℃或150℃蒸汽养护条件下可快速检测出霞石正长岩对碱-硅酸反应的影响;霞石正长岩在混凝土中的分解反应在增加混凝土可溶碱含量的同时,反应本身还将降低孔溶液OH-浓度,因此由霞石正长岩分解析出的碱与水泥中的碱对碱-硅酸反应影响不同,只有在适当的条件下才能显著增大碱-硅酸反应膨胀。     

霞石制碱

利用霞石和霞石正长岩综合加工时付产纯碱和钾碱,早有报导。本文将简单叙述什么是霞石以及用霞石制碱的原理及其工艺流程。一、什么是霞石和霞石正长岩? 所谓霞石和霞石正长岩就是铝硅酸钾钠。其化学分子式为:(Na,K)_2O·Al_2O_3·2SiO_2和(Na,K)_2O·Al_2O_3·5SiO_2。     

含碱集料对碱-硅酸反应的影响

采用80℃蒸汽养护快速实验方法,研究了2种不同类型含碱集料--霞石正长岩和白岗岩对碱-硅酸反应的影响,并通过在150℃不同的碱溶液中压蒸集料的方法,对含碱集料的析碱机理进行了分析.结果表明:霞石正长岩和白岗岩对碱-硅酸反应膨胀的影响与使用水泥的碱含量有关.在使用低碱水泥时,霞石正长岩和白岗岩使碱罐酸反应膨胀显著增大,而在使用高碱水泥时,霞石正长岩和白岗岩对碱-硅酸反应膨胀促进作用均减弱;在饱和Ca(OH)2溶液中的霞石矿物能稳定存在,随着碱含量的增加,霞石矿物发生分解,而长石矿物均能稳定存在,与碱溶液的反应仅在长石矿物表面区域进行.长石矿物与混凝土孔溶液中Ca2 之间的离子交换反应是混凝土中长石矿物析碱的主要原因.     

霞石正长岩在陶瓷釉料中的应用

霞石正长岩,在自然界中大量存在,由于其碱金属含量大,可以在釉料中代替长石使用。本文利用四川的霞石正长岩通过大量试验得到了一种对坯体适应性强,对烧成气氛不敏感的高光泽透明釉。在此釉料中加入特殊着色剂可产生小油滴斑。     

赛马霞石正长岩水热碱法分解反应动力学

辽宁省赛马霞石正长岩的主要矿物有钾长石、钠沸石、黑云母和白云母,其中氧化钾含量超过10%,是制取钾盐的重要原料。以氢氧化钠为碱性介质,对其进行了水热碱法分解实验。结果表明,霞石正长岩与NaOH水热分解反应的产物为羟钙霞石,分解反应属于1级反应;分解过程符合动力学方程1-(1-x)~(1/3)=kt反应的表观活化能为E_a=38.8 kJ/mol;复合反应体系中钠沸石的分解速率是影响正长岩分解反应的重要因素。     

新型熔剂原料的研究

一、前言随着能源和传统原料的紧张,国外陶瓷界近二十年来都以极大的兴趣探索新型原料的开发,其中高效助熔剂原料的研究尤为普遍.霞石正长岩、珍珠岩在国外陶瓷工业坯釉料中应用相当普遍.近年来,我国已开始研究霞石正长岩、珍珠岩等新熔剂原料在建筑卫生陶瓷行业中试用.笔者着重对霞石正长岩、珍珠岩的矿产简况,矿物组成,并与长石、滑石等传统原料分别进行单一和复合熔剂的高温烧结熔融性能进行了对比分析研究,对     

霞石正长岩在仿古砖无光釉中的应用

本文介绍了在传统釉料配方工艺基础上,研究了霞石正长岩精加工粉料在仿古砖无光釉中的开发与应用,并取得较好的效果。实验证明:采用霞石正长岩精加工粉料取代部分熔块、长石类熔剂等原料,有利于提高釉面的机械强度、调整坯釉结合性、降低生产成本和提高产品优等率等。     

Crystallisation of processed nepheline syenite–magnesite glasses

Abstract

Transparent glasses were prepared from processed nepheline syenite–magnesite mixtures. Incorporation of TiO₂ in the base glasses changes the glass colour from white to amber or dark brown. Translucent porcelainous glass ceramics with white, creamy and a variety of bluish colorations were obtained in glasses containing non-magnetic nepheline syenite. However, dark marblelike glass ceramics were developed in glasses containing middling and tailing nepheline syenite. Aluminium diopside [Ca(Mg,Al)(Si,Al)₂O₆], nepheline, forsterite, magnesium titanate MgTi₂O₅ and hematite were developed by heat treatment of these glasses. SEM micrographs tend to show fine and uniform bulk with increasing Fe₂O₃ contents in the parent glass ceramic samples, however addition of TiO₂ enhances nucleation and the microstructure becomes of evenly good uniform fine structure in the sample with lowest iron content.     

Low-Melting Glasses Based on Natural Aluminosilicates from Karelia

The effect of the chemico-mineralogical composition of aluminosilicate rocks on the properties and structure of low-melting technical glasses is studied. Comparative studies of glasses based on traditional glass materials such as pegmatite and nepheline syenite and glasses based on nontraditional materials such as halleflinta and pure chemical reactants are performed. It has been established that the use of various natural aluminosilicate in technical glasses does not significantly disturb the glass-forming conditions but makes it necessary to adjust the ratio of the main components and additives.     

湖北随州硬玉质的变霓霞正长岩的岩石矿物特征及应用研究

随州硬玉质变霓霞正长岩的岩石组织结构、矿物赋存状态、矿石可选性和玻璃陶瓷原料应用试验研究表明：该资源具有易采易进两大优点,矿石经单一磁选的精矿可作玻璃和陶瓷的原料;同时已反复试验证实该资源可烧成原矿用量达90％的釉面墙地砖。     

Microstructural Evolution in Clay-Based Ceramics I: Single Components and Binary Mixtures of Clay, Flux, and Quartz Filler

Microstructural evolution on heating kaolinite clay, quartz, nepheline syenite, and soda–lime–silica (SLS) glass to various temperatures to 1300°C was investigated in quenched and slowly cooled samples by XRD, thermal analysis and SEM, and by in situ XRD. In the individual components, the expected behavior was observed and in SLS glass, devitrification led to crystallization of cristobalite, quartz, devitrite, and wollastonite, which dissolved at 900°–1000°C. Significant effects of each component on microstructural evolution in the others were often observed in binary mixtures. For example, in SLS glass and quartz mixtures, devitrification of SLS glass to form cristobalite was delayed and two forms of cristobalite with different morphologies were identified. Albite and plagioclase crystallized on heating kaolin clay and SLS glass mixtures, decreasing the alumina content available for mullite formation. Melting of nepheline syenite promoted reaction with the clay, including accelerated phase dissolution. SLS glass accelerated dissolution of nepheline syenite and prevented leucite formation.     

Effect of Nepheline Syenite Additives on the Technological Behavior of Ceramics and Porcelain Stoneware Tiles

To study the effect of the Egyptian nepheline syenite raw materials on the sinterability of the ceramic tiles, four batches with concentrations of nepheline syenite (0, 5, 10 and 15%) were prepared. The four batches were ground, mixed, shaped, pressed and fired at temperatures from 1160 °C to 1260 °C. Some technological behaviors of the samples were measured in dry, green state and after firing at 1260 °C; including densfication parameters. Phase composition and microstructural studies refered that mullite was the newly crystallized phase after firing set in a glassy matrix enriched in alkalis. Technological properties of the fired batches revealed that the higher firing temperature and higher nepheline syenite contents produced larger amounts of glassy phase, and consequently bulk density and linear shrinkage increased, while apparent porosity and water adsorption as well as whiteness of fired batches decreased. It is concluded that nepheline syenite could be successfully used as flux in ceramic tiles, while it is not accepted in the production of porcelain bodies because of their coloration.

     

USE OF NEPHELINE SYENITE IN FLOOR-TILE AND WALL-TILE BODIES*

The physical properties of wall-tile bodies and floor-tile bodies are described. The wall-tile bodies are fluxed respectively with nepheline syenite; feldspar; talc and feldspar; talc and syenite; talc, pyrophyllite, and syenite; and talc, pyrophyllite, and feldspar. Floor-tile bodies, developing at lower temperatures, may be formulated with nepheline syenite. The greater refractoriness of American clays used in these bodies, as compared to English clays, is compensated for by the increased fluxing action of nepheline syenite.     

Submixture model to predict nepheline precipitation in waste glasses

High-alumina high-level waste (HLW) glasses are prone to nepheline precipitation during canister-centerline cooling (CCC). If sufficient nepheline forms, the chemical durability of the glass will be significantly impacted. Overly conservative constraints have been developed and used to avoid the deleterious effects of nepheline formation in U.S. HLW glasses. The constraints used have been shown to significantly limit the loading of waste in glass at Hanford and therefore the cost and schedule of cleanup. A 90-glass study was performed to develop an improved understanding of the impacts of glass composition on the formation of nepheline during CCC. The CCC crystallinity data from these glasses were combined with 657 glasses found in the literature. The trends showed significant effects of Na₂O, Al₂O₃, SiO₂, B₂O₃, CaO, Li₂O, and potentially K₂O on the propensity for nepheline formation. A pseudo-ternary submixture model was proposed to identify the glass composition region prone to nepheline precipitation. This pseudo-ternary with axes of SiO₂ + 1.98B₂O₃, Na₂O + 0.653Li₂O + 0.158CaO, and Al₂O₃ was found to divide glasses that precipitate nepheline during CCC from those that do not. Application of this constraint is anticipated to increase the loading of Hanford high-alumina HLWs in glass by roughly one-third.