25th Anniversary Article: Chemically Modified/Doped Carbon Nanotubes & Graphene for Optimized Nanostructures & Nanodevices

Outstanding pristine properties of carbon nanotubes and graphene have limited the scope for real‐life applications without precise controllability of the material structures and properties. This invited article to celebrate the 25^th anniversary of Advanced Materials reviews the current research status in the chemical modification/doping of carbon nanotubes and graphene and their relevant applications with optimized structures and properties. A broad aspect of specific correlations between chemical modification/doping schemes of the graphitic carbons with their novel tunable material properties is summarized. An overview of the practical benefits from chemical modification/doping, including the controllability of electronic energy level, charge carrier density, surface energy and surface reactivity for diverse advanced applications is presented, namely flexible electronics/optoelectronics, energy conversion/storage, nanocomposites, and environmental remediation, with a particular emphasis on their optimized interfacial structures and properties. Future research direction is also proposed to surpass existing technological bottlenecks and realize idealized graphitic carbon applications.     

AS4碳纤维及复合材料

对美国Ｈｅｒｃｕｌｅｓ公司的ＡＳ４碳纤维的常规性能及其环氧复合材料性能进行了研究，认为ＡＳ４性能基本上与国内应用较广的Ｔ３００碳纤维性能相当。有较大的推广使用价值。     

碳/碳复合材料基体用中间相沥青

中间相沥青具有高残碳率、高密度、低的密度变化及易石墨化等优点 ,是较理想的碳 /碳 (C/C)复合材料基体前驱体。本文从 C/ C复合材料制备工艺的角度 ,阐述了制备 C/ C复合材料用的中间相沥青的主要特性 ,其中包括中间相沥青的流动性、在碳化过程中的稳定化、微观结构以及中间相沥青基 C/ C复合材料的界面结构。     

影响炭／炭复合材料摩擦学性能的因素分析：材料的性质

影响炭／炭复合材料摩擦性能的因素很多，综述了国内外的研究现状，评价了材料的譬质对炭／炭复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响，阐述了模量、石墨化度、密度、预制体的类型、基体类型、热解炭结构等因素。     

影响炭/炭复合材料摩擦学性能的因素分析:材料的性质

影响炭/炭复合材料摩擦性能的因素很多,综述了国内外的研究现状,评价了材料的性质对炭/炭复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,阐述了模量、石墨化度、密度、预制体的类型、基体类型、热解炭结构等因素.     

炭/炭复合材料纤维束界面层的形成过程

通过对炭/炭复合材料纤维束界面不同成型阶段结构和性能的研究, 探索束界面在制备过程中的形成规律. 采用顶出实验、SEM、Micro-CT、XRD以及Raman对不同成型阶段的炭/炭复合材料中纤维束/基体界面剪切强度、界面层结构进行了分析. 结果发现材料密度较低时, 石墨化程度增加不利于束界面剪切强度的提高; 随着材料密度的增大, 束界面剪切强度明显升高. 通过对其界面结构进行分析, 可以看出在沥青浸渍、炭化和石墨化的制备过程中, 炭基体优先在束内形成, 然后逐步向束界面层及束间空间发展, 最后束界面层组织结构趋于完善. 随着热处理温度的升高, 其界面层组织结构的石墨化程度逐渐增强, 其结晶程度也不断增强.     

W-Mo-Si/SiC Oxidation Protective Coating for Carbon/Carbon Composites

A W-Mo-Si/SiC double-layer oxidation protective coating for carbon/carbon （C/C） composites was prepared by a two-step pack cementation technique. XRD （X-ray diffraction） and SEM （scanning electron microscopy）results show that the coating obtained by the first step pack cementation was a thin inner buffer layer of SiC with some cracks and pores, and a new phase of （WxMo1-x）Si2 appeared after the second step pack cementation. Oxidation test shows that, after oxidation in air at 1773 K for 175 h and thermal cycling between 1773 K and room temperature for 18 times, the weight loss of the W-Mo-Si/SiC coated C/C composites was only 2.06%. The oxidation protective failure of the W-Mo-Si/SiC coating was attributed to the formation of some penetrable cracks in the coating.     

纳米碳管增强炭/炭复合材料的研究进展

纳米碳管(CNTs)具有独特的结构、优异的力学性能、热稳定性与传导性能,是炭/炭(C/C)复合材料理想的增强体.综述了纳米碳管增强炭/炭(CNTs/C/C)复合材料的制备方法,讨论了该复合材料的微观结构、摩擦学性能和传导性能,并展望了CNTs/C/C复合材料的潜在应用和发展趋势.     

粉末涂层碳纤维制备碳/碳复合材料研究进展

综述了国内外碳/碳复合材料的主要用途和制备方法,通过比较发现粉末预涂层制备碳/碳复合材料是一种低成本、短制备周期的理想方法,它包括基体树脂和碳纤维的选择、碳纤维的表面处理及碳纤维丝束的铺展.采取层压成型制备试样,经高温炭化和石墨化制备碳/碳复合材料.