基于并行干扰抵消的OFDM/OQAM系统中的信号检测方法

在多径衰落信道中,基于交错正交幅度调制的正交频分复用(OFDM with Offset QAM,OFDM/OQAM)系统使用迫零均衡器进行信号检测时,不能完全消除信道复数特性和滤波器实数正交特性引入的时域符号间干扰和频域子载波间干扰,及信道估计误差导致的误码率性能损失。该文利用对数据初始判决并重构相邻载波及符号间干扰的思想,通过分析采用迫零均衡信号检测时的残余干扰与信道估计误差干扰,提出了一种基于并行干扰抵消和迫零均衡器结合的OFDM/OQAM信号检测方法,并在IEEE 802.22技术标准的两种典型多径衰落信道中进行了计算机仿真与比较研究。仿真结果表明,与基于迫零均衡的检测方法相比,基于并行干扰抵消的迭代信号检测方法在误码率为1%时,可获得1 dB至2 dB的性能提升。     

一种改进的OFDM/OQAM系统信道估计算法

基于块状导频的信道估计方法可以克服OFDM/OQAM(OFDM/Offset QAM)系统所固有的符号间和载波间干扰,从而成为该类系统通用的信道估计方法。该文基于块状导频结构和OFDM/OQAM的系统特点,分析了系统相邻子载波之间的相关性,并在此基础上提出一种改进的信道估计算法,通过计算相邻子载波的相关系数,在频域进行有效的加权运算来降低干扰和噪声对信道估计的影响。分析和仿真结果表明,该算法能够有效地提高传统算法的信道估计精度和系统性能。     

电力线OFDM/OQAM通信系统信道相位预处理均衡算法

针对电力线通信（PLC）正交频分复用（OFDM）系统存在频率掩码和频谱资源利用率低等问题,提出将正交频分复用/偏移正交幅度调制（OFDM/OQAM）技术应用到PLC系统中。该技术通过选用频率选择性较好的滤波器来抑制带外干扰,且不需要循环前缀,但是OFDM/OQAM系统在PLC频域复数信道下会产生严重的自干扰,传统的均衡算法并不能有效地消除OFDM/OQAM系统的固有干扰。针对这种情况提出了一种基于信道相位预处理的均衡算法。该算法的思想是让接收信号乘以一个信道相位调整因子,使等效信道的虚部尽量小,以此来减小接收信号中的干扰分量。仿真结果表明,与传统的均衡算法相比,所提算法在误比特率为1.0×10－6时可以获得0.5dB的性能提升。     

OFDM系统中一种新的联合信道估计和信号检测算法

提出一种新的基于迭代的联合信道估计和信号检测算法,利用ZF(迫零)算法检测出的信号进行下一个OFDM(正交频分复用)符号的信道估计,充分利用了信道估计值和检测符号之间的互信息量,有效地消除了符号间干扰和载波间干扰,提高了信道估计和符号检测的精确度。仿真结果表明,在不同的信道条件下,该算法的性能比传统信号检测方法有明显的提升。     

OFDM/OQAM技术在时频弥散信道中的应用

正交频分复用/交错正交幅度调制(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing/Offset Quadrature Amplitude Modulation,OFDM/OQAM)与传统OFDM相比,OFDM/OQAM通过引入具有优良时频聚焦特性的脉冲成形滤波器,使其可同时具备抗符号间干扰和子载波间干扰的能力,且带外辐射较低,有很好的技术前景。介绍了OFDM/OQAM系统的基本原理及其局限性,并进一步分析了因其固有干扰对关键技术产生的影响,以及在时频弥散信道中的应用前景。     

基于EM算法的改进OFDM时变信道估计

针对正交频分复用（OFDM）系统中的信道时变,基于时变信道的分段线性近似模型,提出一种改进的OFDM时变信道估计方案。该方案通过采用期望最大化（EM）迭代算法来提高符号平均信道脉冲响应的估计精度,从而提高时变信道估计的性能;此外,在迭代过程中进行带状子载波间干扰抑制,不仅进一步提高了时变信道估计的性能,而且降低了实现复杂度。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该算法以较低的复杂度代价有效提高了时变信道OFDM系统的性能。     

OFDM中基于导频的加窗FFT信道估计

正交频分复用（OFDM）是一种正交的多载波复用技术,分析了OFDM系统中基于导频的信道估计模型;基于导频的信道估计需要进行插值,为了降低插值算法的复杂度,研究了基于导频的FFT信道估计算法。由于直接FFT信道估计算法存在能量频谱泄露问题,提出了基于汉明窗函数的优化型加窗FFT信道估计的算法。实验仿真表明：在多径衰落信道下,该算法能够有效地提高OFDM系统的信道估计性能。     

一种新的OFDM系统优化脉冲成形方法

通过分析双弥散信道下脉冲成形正交频分复用(OFDM)系统的信干比(SIR)性能,提出了一种新的OFDM系统优化脉冲成形方法.该方法通过对高斯脉冲时宽、带宽与信道时延、多普勒频移进行匹配,使系统的SIR达到最优值.仿真结果表明,该优化高斯脉冲成形OFDM系统的SIR性能优于CP-OFDM系统,在减少符号间干扰(ISI)的同时更好地抑制了频率弥散信道带来的子载波间干扰(ICI),且频率弥散越大,ICI抑制的效果越好.     

高速移动环境中OFDM系统的迭代接收技术

简要介绍B3G系统需要支持高容量、高质量和高移动性的数据传输要求,而OFDM(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,正交频分复用)技术由于非常适合于高速数据传输而成为B3G系统的热点候选传输技术。然而在高速移动环境中,OFDM系统的子载波间干扰是影响系统性能的主要因素,为了使OFDM技术更好地应用于B3G系统,对高速移动环境中OFDM系统的接收技术进行了研究,提出了一种基于EM算法的联合信道估计与检测技术的迭代接收方案。仿真结果表明,提出的接收机算法可以大大降低子载波干扰。     

一种适用于快衰落信道的ICI抑制方案

针对高速移动环境下多普勒频偏造成信道的快衰落和正交频分复用(OFDM)系统中子载波间干扰(ICI)的问题,提出了一种适合快衰落环境的OFDM系统子载波间干扰抑制算法。此算法用线性变化模型来近似一个OFDM符号周期内的信道冲激响应,并以此为基础采用迭代MMSE均衡方法抑制载波间干扰。分析和仿真结果表明,此方法能有效地保证载波间的正交性,从而改善了OFDM系统的误码率(BER)性能。     

用基于导频的维纳滤波器对快变信道进行性能评估

OFDM信号在快变信道中传输时会导致其正交性的破坏,会产生信道间干扰(ICI)。传统的信道仿真模型在快变信道的仿真过程中效果会有明显的下降,通过基于导频的OFDM信号,运用维纳滤波器对数字电视广播(DVBT)系统信道在时变WSSUS模型下进行了性能仿真,同时也分析了在运用与信道不匹配模型情况下的维纳滤波器模型进行分析时所带来的问题。     

Analysis and design of OFDM/OQAM systems based on filterbank theory

A discrete-time analysis of the orthogonal frequency division multiplex/offset QAM (OFDM/OQAM) multicarrier modulation technique, leading to a modulated transmultiplexer, is presented. The conditions of discrete orthogonality are established with respect to the polyphase components of the OFDM/OQAM prototype filter, which is assumed to be symmetrical and with arbitrary length. Fast implementation schemes of the OFDM/OQAM modulator and demodulator are provided, which are based on the inverse fast Fourier transform. Non-orthogonal prototypes create intersymbol and interchannel interferences (ISI and ICI) that, in the case of a distortion-free transmission, are expressed by a closed-form expression. A large set of design examples is presented for OFDM/OQAM systems with the number of subcarriers going from four up to 2048, which also allows a comparison between different approaches to get well-localized prototypes     

高速移动OFDM系统信干比的低复杂差分计算

针对高速移动正交频分复用系统,提出了迭代消除子载波干扰的信干比差分计算方法.该方法把前后两次迭代的子载波干扰进行差分运算,差分运算值的加权作为干扰,每次迭代消除子载波干扰后的信号作为有用信号,实现信干比的计算.误差分析和仿真数据表明:采用这种方法计算信干比可以有效估算出系统信干比,同时算法复杂度较低.     

零前缀OFDM中智能反射表面环境下干扰抑制算法研究

在智能反射表面(RIS)场景下的零前缀正交频分复用(ZP-OFDM)系统中由于反射元件系数转换引起的等效信道时变,其破坏了正交频分复用(OFDM)系统的正交性并产生严重的子载波间干扰(ICI)。该文通过构建该场景下的系统传输模型,通过分析ICI功率和对反射元件系数转换时变特性进行建模,利用构建子载波间干扰抑制矩阵对ICI进行补偿,抑制由于反射系数变化造成的等效时变信道对系统性能的影响。仿真结果表明,子载波间干扰得到了有效抑制,该文提出的干扰抑制算法对于系统的传输性能有较明显的提升。     

Robust channel estimation and ISI cancellation for OFDM systems with suppressed features

A feature-suppressed orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) system and the corresponding channel estimation and intersymbol interference (ISI) mitigation techniques are investigated in this paper. Cyclic prefix (CP) and pilot tones, which are commonly used in civilian OFDM systems for ISI mitigation and channel estimation, create distinctive waveform features that can be easily used for synchronization and channel estimation purposes by intercepting receivers. As a result, CP and pilot tones are eliminated in the proposed feature suppressed OFDM system to reduce the interception probability. Instead, a set of specially designed OFDM symbols, driven by different pseudorandom sequences, are employed as preambles to avoid unique spectral signature. These preambles are inserted into the OFDM data symbol stream periodically and in a round-robin manner. In addition, a random frequency offset is introduced to each preamble to further mask the multicarrier signature. New challenges arising from these feature suppression efforts are studied, including robust channel estimation and demodulation techniques in the presence of frequency offset and severe interference. Based on our interference analysis, an iterative ISI and intercarrier interference (ICI) estimation-cancellation-based technique is proposed for both channel estimation and OFDM data demodulation. Our channel estimator performs joint frequency offset and channel impulse response estimation based on the maximum-likelihood (ML) principle. To reduce its complexity, we employ a number of techniques, which include approximation of the ML metrics, as well as fast Fourier transform pruning. The performances and feasibility of the proposed feature suppressed OFDM system and the channel estimator are analyzed and verified through numerical simulations.     

Cyclic prefix reduction for 20.48 Gb/s direct‐detection optical OFDM transmission over 2560 km of SSMF

Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (O‐OFDM) provides major advantages in mitigating Group‐Velocity Dispersion (GVD) in Single Mode Fiber (SMF). Unfortunately, when the uncompensated long‐haul transmission ranges become very large, substantial dispersion is accumulated. Owing to the large accumulated dispersion, the Cyclic Prefix (CP) duration will occupy a substantial fraction of the OFDM frame. This effect sets some limitations on the overall throughput and the spectral efficiency. Moreover, the transmission is inefficient because of the energy wastage contained within the CP. In the case where the CP length is shorter than the Channel Impulse Response (CIR), energy wastage is reduced but the system performance is limited by the Inter Symbol Interference (ISI) and Inter Carrier Interference (ICI). To overcome this problem, a Time Domain Equalizer (TEQ) immediately after the channel is proposed. It can cancel the residual ISI and ICI caused by both the GVD and the CP length being shorter than the CIR. The simulation results show that, using BER of 10^?3 as a reference, the system performance improves by 2.69thinspacedB while considering 6‐feedforward/5‐feedback‐weight Decision Feedback TEQ (DF‐TEQ) and 2.03 dB while considering 10‐tap Least Mean Square TEQ (LMS‐TEQ) even though the CP length is shorter than the CIR. This method reduces size of the CP, and consequently the performance of the system will be improved. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种基于OFDM-chirp的雷达通信一体化波形设计与处理方法

雷达通信一体化波形设计是近年来的研究热点。有学者提出利用正交频分复用(OFDM)信号的奇偶载波分别调制雷达与通信功能来实现一体化。但OFDM通信系统一般采用循环前缀(CP)来避免多径效应带来的载波间干扰(ICI)和符号间干扰(ISI),这会降低能量利用率,并会形成虚假目标,影响雷达性能;此外,传统的OFDM一体化信号对多普勒比较敏感,微小的多普勒频偏也会带来正交性能的严重下降。该文在此基础上提出了一种新的波形设计和处理方法。该方法利用空白保护间隔替代循环前缀,可以在对抗多径效应的同时避免出现由于循环前缀引入的虚假目标,有效防止载波间干扰和符号间干扰。在信号处理方法上,该文提出利用雷达发射信号的先验信息进行信道估计与补偿多普勒频偏的方法。与传统方法相比,该文方法降低了系统在导频与训练序列等资源上的开销,提升了能量利用率和频谱效率,并且改善了峰值旁瓣比(PSLR)、积分旁瓣比(ISLR)和通信误码率(BER)等指标。仿真实验验证了该文方法的有效性。      

地面数字电视广播系统相位噪声的抑制

将基于二项式消除编码(PCC)的子载波间干扰(ICI)自消除方法与基于导频的公共相位误差(CPE)纠正以及最小均方误差(MMSE)均衡方法相结合.抑制OFDM系统的相位噪声.仿真结果表明,无论在高斯信道还是多径瑞利衰落信道下,本方法都可以有效抑制OFDM系统的相位噪声,同时实现复杂度低,具有较好的实用性.     

Robust channel estimation for OFDM/OQAM

When orthogonal frequency division multiplexing offset-QAM (OFDM/OQAM), termed OQAM in short, was revealed to possess several advantages compared to OFDM, the channel estimation (CE) technique became a crucial issue for OQAM to make a practical sense. Based on the previous proposal on CE of OQAM, this letter addresses the study of a decisive factor that directly determines the CE performance. The idea is to relax the orthogonality constraint of the prototype filter used for transmitting the preamble. This provides a larger degree of freedom for finding a good balance between its time and frequency localization (TL and FL). Two prototype filter design algorithms are proposed and show that the proposed preamble-based CE method can almost attain the perfect CE.