润滑油抗乳化性能影响因素分析

随着机械制造业的快速发展,润滑油起到了保护机械和加工件的润滑、冷却、防锈、清洁、密封和缓冲等作用。润滑油质量的优劣最重要的一项评定指标是其抗乳化性能。抗乳化性与润滑油里水分的含量有关,一旦润滑中含有水分,则会直接破坏润滑油所形成的油膜,从而使润滑油的效果变差,加快部件之间的锈蚀,所以润滑油中的水分越少越好,因此要加强对润滑油抗乳化性能的测定,在测定过程中要注意蒸馏水的电导率和PH值对结果的影响作用。文中对润滑油抗乳化性能试验进行了具体的阐述。     

硼-氮-硫-磷型多功能润滑防锈添加剂

通过对润滑、防锈等各种基团的合成路线的选择分析,合成出一系列硼、氮、硫、磷型多功能润滑防锈添加剂,并从中筛选出最佳产物NPBS,确定了NPBS添加剂的最佳添加范围。对6％NPBS润滑防锈油的润滑性能、防锈耐蚀性能、粘湿特性及其它物化性能进行了测试。结果表明:NPBS添加剂具有较好的抗磨极压性和防锈性,尤其是对防止紫铜腐蚀变色效果很好,具有推广应用价值。     

纳米硫代钼酸镍润滑添加剂的制备及性能

分别用微乳液反应法和乳状液相转移法合成了新型固体润滑兼油品添加剂-硫代钼酸镍纳米粒子.对它们的结构、形貌进行了分析观察,研究了用两种方法合成的纳米粒子在润滑油中的分散稳定性和摩擦学性能.用两种方法合成的硫代钼酸镍粒子大小均为十几纳米,用后一种方法合成的纳米粒子在润滑油中的分散稳定性更佳,润滑性能也更好.     

油品含水率多点实时监测系统的研制

提出了润滑系统油品含水率多点在线实时监测系统的实现方法,设计了基于变介电常数式电容传感器的润滑油品含水率变送器,根据高速线材厂液压循环润滑系统的特点,利用组态王软件,实现对液压系统的润滑油含水率进行多点实时监测.通过在高速线材厂液压循环系统的使用证明,该系统能够准确、快速地测出润滑油品的含水率并及时报警,从而避免了润滑失效所带来的潜在危害.     

多功能防锈润滑添加剂研究现状及发展趋向

通过对国内外机械行业防锈润滑油品使用情况的调查分析,指出了今后防锈润滑油脂材料发展的总趋势。概述了目前国内外对多功能防锈润滑添加剂的研究现状,找出了国内在此方面所存在的差距及努力方向。作者认为:必须从以前仅研究单一防锈或润滑性能的油脂材料转向研究防锈、润滑、抗氧化等为一体的多功能通用化油脂材料,以适应机械行业的发展。最后对国内外今后研究合成多功能润滑防锈添加剂的发展趋势进行了分析预测。     

载荷对自修复纳米润滑添加剂摩擦学性能的影响

采用WAZAU摩擦磨损试验机分析了N68基础油和添加了自修复纳米润滑添加剂的润滑油N68NT1在不同载荷下的摩擦系数,并在线检测了钢/钢摩擦副在摩擦过程中润滑介质的温度变化情况.试验结果表明:同基础油N68相比,添加了自修复纳米润滑添加剂的润滑油表现出了良好的摩擦学性能,载荷对其的影响也不同于载荷对N68基础油的影响,同时N68NT1表现出了良好的散热性能.     

多合一定量加注设备探讨

在总装车间工艺装配过程中，需要对油品进行定量加注，比如：发动机润滑油加注、变速器润滑加注、后主减速器润滑油加注、分动器润滑油加注等等，因加注油品类型不同，加注量不同，需要单个或多个加注设备，本文对多合一定量加注设备进行介绍。     

纳米硫化钼酸镍润滑添加剂的制备及性能

分别用微乳液反应法和乳状液相转移法合成了新型固体润滑兼油品添加剂-硫代钼酸镍纳米粒子。对它们的结构、形貌进行了分析观察,研究了用两种方法合成的纳米粒子在润滑油中的分散稳定性和摩擦学性能。用两种方法合成的硫代钼酸镍粒子大小均为十几纳米,用后一种方法合成的纳米粒子在润滑油中的分散稳定性更佳,润滑性能也更好。     

ZFR-30、ZFR-16轴承防锈润滑油

前言轴承防锈润滑油ZFR-30和ZFR-16是以防锈润滑多效添加剂、防锈添加剂、抗氧剂、助溶剂和基础油等为原料制成的具有防锈润滑特性的防护新材料,对黑色金属、有色金属及镀层均有强的保护能力,既可作长期封存防锈用,又能不经启封清洗直接装机使用,对于节省原材料,简化清洗、更换润     

ZFR-30、ZFR-16轴承防锈润滑油

前言轴承防锈润滑油ZFR-30和ZFR-16是以防锈润滑多效添加剂、防锈添加剂、抗氧剂、助溶剂和基础油等为原料制成的具有防锈润滑特性的防护新材料,对黑色金属、有色金属及镀层均有强的保护能力,既可作长期封存防锈用,又能不经启封清洗直接装机使用,对于节省原材料,简化清洗、更换润     

Estimation of Parameters of Universal Distribution of Moments of Failure of Products

A method is proposed for estimating the parameters of a mixture of exponential and Weibull distributions for which the accuracy of preliminary estimates obtained by graphical analysis is refined in accordance with the criterion of maximum likelihood. The efficiency of the proposed method is supported by the results of statistical modeling.     

Evaluation of optical properties of highly scattering media by moments of distributions of times of flight of photons

A novel method for the determination of the optical properties of tissue from time-domain measurements is presented. The data analysis is based on the evaluation of the first moment and the second centralized moment, i.e., the mean time of flight and the variance of the measured distribution of times of flight (DTOF) of photons injected by short (picosecond) laser pulses. Analytical expressions are derived for calculation of absorption and of reduced scattering coefficients from these moments by application of diffusion theory for infinite and semi-infinite homogeneous media. The proposed method was tested on experimental data obtained with phantoms, and results for absorption and reduced scattering coefficients obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by fitting of the same data with analytical solutions of the diffusion equation. Furthermore, the accuracy of the moment analysis was investigated for a range of integration limits of the DTOF. The moment analysis may serve as a comparatively fast method for evaluating optical properties with sufficient accuracy and can be used, e.g., for on-line monitoring of optical properties of biological tissue.     

Analysis of the rate of propagation of the wave of change of boiling modes

An approximate analytical expression is derived for the velocity of the front of the wave of change of boiling modes on a rod and on a plate. The impact of the Thomson effect and of the heater orientation in the gravity field is included. Adequate agreement is demonstrated between the derived relations and experimental data.     

Estimation of potentialities of methods of summation of direct measurement errors

Conventional methods for summation of direct measurement errors are considered. Conditions under which these methods provide consistent results are stated. It is proposed to utilize for characteristic of the total error, its interval estimator or the half-sum of the value obtained by adding up its arithmetic and geometric random errors.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 10–12, April, 1995.     

空压机轴承箱蜗壳温度探头油封改造

由于空压机进气侧轴承箱蜗壳温度探头密封效果不好,使空压机及其后续管道受到油污染。后将温度探头的O形圈密封改为骨架油封,杜绝了轴承箱漏油问题。文章简介空压机的结构和技术参数,详细介绍了骨架油封的制作和优点。     

Characteristics of mechanical properties of materials in studies of conditions of attainment of marginal states

It is shown that conditions of attainment of marginal states in the material of structural components are formulated on the basis of analysis of force and deformation criteria of formation and development of destruction. The parameters of these criteria are data on types of structural materials, standard and special characteristics of their mechanical properties, structural forms of considered elements of the equipment, and their operating stress loading. In this case, the construction of a system of state equations for describing interrelation of current damage, external actions, and responses to them is based on the concept of calculating variations in properties of materials at all stages of the design life cycle.     

Determination of parameters of microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by the method of modeling

The article suggests a method of evaluating the microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by modeling. The method includes the measurement of deformations of metal according to meshes of a dividing grid with small base and the calculation of the distribution parameters of microdeformations in model representation. It is shown that the modeling method makes it possible objectively to evaluate the microinhomogeneity of deformation of metals independently of the chosen mesh size of the dividing grid. New structural characteristics are introduced: the base and wave of variation expressing the degree of crumbling or amalgamation of metal grains by inhomogeneity of deformation.Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 7, pp. 40–44, July, 1991.     

水三相点复现的不确定度评定

水三相点是开尔文热力学温度的唯一基准点，也是ITS-90国际温标重要的定义固定点。因此，水三相点不确定度分析对整个温标的建立、温度量值传递起着至关重要的作用。近3年来，中国计量科学研究院研制出一系列高质量的水三相点容器，加强了水三相点的研究，为不确定度的分析提供了更为可靠的实验依据。同时，不确定度的分析也是客观评价新研制容器性能的一个重要指标。因此，根据实验结果对新研制容器所复现的水三相点进行了不确定度评定。评定结果表明，其扩展不确定度为0．16mK(k=2．69，P=0．99)。