低能见度下紫外光非直视传输模型研究

为了克服紫外光通信中单散射模型在低能见度下的适用局限性,基于一阶多次散射理论,对Luegtten非直视单散射信道模型进行修正。在原模型的建模基础上,修正模型考虑了大气分子的瑞利散射和气溶胶的米氏散射,并且引入了多次散射的影响,运用Matlab对修正模型进行了仿真。结果表明,在低能见度下修正模型比原模型在信道模拟上有较大改进,数据与试验结果吻合得更好;由于一阶多次散射理论适用于多次散射小于单次散射但又不能忽略的情况,修正模型与实际情况存在一定的差距。这对低能见度下的紫外光通信试验提供了参考数据。     

非视距紫外光通信系统中霾衰减特性研究

为了研究霾环境下应用紫外光通信的系统特性,研究了霾粒子的物理特性及谱分布特性,利用散射理论分析了霾粒子在日盲紫外光波段的散射特性;并利用经典Luettgen单散射信道模型,研究了霾环境下非视距日盲紫外光传输的路径损耗特性。通过分析路径损耗与通信距离、能见度以及系统角度之间的关系仿真结果,得到了非视距紫外光传输系统中霾衰减的理论特性:在较短通信距离时,系统的路径损耗受天气状况（能见度）影响较大;能见度较好时,通信距离对路径损耗的影响将会突出,实际中应尽量选取能见度大于2 km的天气条件。文中的工作对设计霾天环境下紫外光通信系统及优化系统性能提供了一定的理论参考,同时对系统工程化实现也具有一定的指导意义。     

Modeling of non-line-of-sight ultraviolet scattering channels for communication

A stochastic non-line-of-sight (NLOS) ultraviolet (UV) communication channel model is developed using a Monte Carlo simulation method based on photon tracing. The expected channel impulse response is obtained by computing photon arrival probabilities and associated propagation delay at the receiver. This method captures the multiple scattering effects of UV signal propagation in the atmosphere, and relaxes the assumptions of single scattering theory. The proposed model has a clear advantage in reliable prediction of NLOS path loss, as validated by outdoor experiments at small to medium elevation angles. A Gamma function is shown to agree well with the predicted impulse response, and this provides a simple means to determine the channel bandwidth. The developed model is employed to study the characteristics of NLOS UV scattering channels, including path loss and channel bandwidth, for a variety of scattering conditions, source wavelength, transmitter and receiver optical pointing geometries, and range.     

聚苯胺/三氧化钨复合薄膜的制备与性质

利用Luettgen单次散射信道模型对雾环境下非视距日盲紫外光通信信道传输特性进行了模拟分析。选取波长为260nm的紫外光, 分析了雾环境下对于不同的通信距离, 该紫外光的路径损耗与能见度的关系。结果表明: 在通信距离已知以及系统的发射仰角、接收仰角、发射视场半角和接收视场半角等几何参数已知的情况下, 存在一个使得紫外光传输的路径损耗达到最小的能见度; 同时, 分析并比较了0~2km辐射雾和平流雾传输路径损耗与能见度、通信距离的关系, 并得到辐射雾环境更利于紫外光传输。     

紫外光非视距通信的定向媒体接入控制协议

对基于紫外光非视距（NLOS）定向发送全面接收通信方式（MAC）协议进行了研究。首先根据紫外光NLOS通信的特点,推导出NLOS通信覆盖范围方位角的表达式;其次根据紫外NLOS通信时路径损耗特点和方位角表达式,对目前紫外NLOS定向发送全向接收的节点结构设计规则进行改进;然后提出一种基于角度感知的紫外光NLOS通信定向...     

无公共散射体的紫外光通信传输特性分析

采用基于蒙特卡罗的多次散射模型,研究无 公共散射体传输模型下紫外光(UV)传输特性,对该模型下 UV在大气中传输的平均散射次数随距离的变化情况、路径损耗随传输距离的变化情况 、脉冲响应时间 延迟随传输距离的变化情况以及脉冲响应曲线随能见度的变化情况进行仿真分析。结果显示 ,无公共散射体 传输模型下的UV至少需要两次的大气散射才能够到达接收端,相同传输距离无公共散 射体传输模型的 路径损耗和脉冲响应时间延迟也远高于有公共散射体传输模型的路径损耗和脉冲响应时间 延迟。通过归 一化得到的随能见度变化的脉冲响应曲线发现,无公共散射体传输模型在大气中传输的 脉冲响应时间 延迟不随能见度的变化而变化,但脉冲响应峰值高度随能见度的增大而增高。     

无线紫外光非视距通信网络的连通性能研究

研究了空间角度对无线紫外光非视距(UV-NLOS)通 信系统连通概率的影响。仿真分析了500个节点均匀分布的网络处于1-连通状态时收发仰角 对网络性能的影响,并分析了 OOK和PPM调制方式下网络节点密度、通信覆盖范围、数据传输速率和发送功率等网络性能参 数。结果表明,网络处于1-连通状态时,PPM调制方式能获得比OOK调制方式更好的网络连 通性能;相同调制方式下,定向发送-垂直接收比垂直发送-垂直接收场景下网络性能更佳 ;定向发送-定向接收场景下,收发端仰角均为小角度时各网络连通效果更好。     

雾环境下非视距散射光通信最佳链路分析

基于概率论和随机迁移理论,建立多次散射随机模型,采用蒙特卡洛方法仿真分析了辐射雾条件下,不同的通信距离条件时,近红外信号光在大气传输信道中传输的路径损耗与能见度之间的关系,指出在给定的通信距离以及给定的系统发送端发送仰角和发送光束束散角,接收端接收仰角和接收视场角等几何参数下,会存在一个能见度使得在这个能见度条件下信号光传输的损耗最小。在通信距离、能见度给定的情况下,针对大气散射通信几何构架中的各个参数的改变都会对非视距大气散射光通信链路路径损耗产生影响,通过模型仿真,提出辐射雾环境下最优化通信链路几何构架。仿真中采取808 nm 波长的激光二极管(LD)作为光源。     

Verification of Fresnel Zone Clearance for Line-of-sight Determination in 5.9 GHz Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications

The determination of the path clearance is one of the most important factors for channel propagation models because most of them classify their models into line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS (NLOS) environments. In particular, the path for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication is more easily obstructed owing to its characteristics such as low antenna heights and high mobility. In this paper, we verify the first Fresnel zone clearance, which is a widely employed method for the determination of path clearance in V2V scenarios. In the analytical model of the first Fresnel zone in V2V scenarios, the ground acts as an obstacle and thus induces NLOS environments for farther than a certain distance. In contrast, our measurement results reveal no additional loss due to the ground obstruction. Therefore, we conclude that the first Fresnel zone calculation is not applicable for determining the path clearance in V2V scenarios, which has significant impact on the accuracy of channel propagation modeling.     

基于NS2的非视距紫外通信模型的建立与仿真研究

紫外光通信由于可以实现非视距通信方式,全天候全方位工作、抗干扰能力强等特点而逐步变为当前无线光网络的一个研究热点。分析了紫外光非视距通信方式的节点覆盖范围、链路模型以及传输容量;构建了紫外光非视距通信模型,包括传输模型和多收发器节点模型,添加了支持紫外非视距通信的定向静态路由协议;利用建立的模型对紫外光非视距通信的各种...     

紫外光NLOS通信的机群间通路快速恢复算法

为了研究直升机编队飞行在链路中断或节点中断情况下的路径恢复,基于紫外光非直视通信的路径损耗,采用Dijkstra算法寻找网络连通性的前提下直升机编队飞行通信网络的最优路径,通过节点移动来实现链路中断或节点中断时的路径恢复。通过理论以及仿真分析,得到了最优路径在不同链路断开时的路径恢复情况。结果表明,采用所提出的算法虽然在节点移动时需要花费2s~3s的时间,但是与路径重寻方法相比,3跳和4跳节点的链路收敛时间能够有效减小0.2ms和0.4ms,路径权值同样能够减小20dB和45dB,因此该算法具有可行性。这一结果对机群间路径快速恢复的研究有一定的应用价值。     

Atmospheric Attenuation on a Satellite Quantum System at 0.8 <Emphasis Type="Italic">μm</Emphasis>

Satellite-based global quantum secure communication is the challenge of telecommunication. It is necessary to face the interaction between infrared wave and the atmosphere. In this letter, we study the atmospheric attenuation and turbulent effect on a low earth orbit satellite quantum communication system at 0.8 μm. By numerical analyzing the atmospheric attenuation between earth-based station and low earth orbit satellite, it is shown that, when the visibility is below 5 km, atmospheric attenuation is obvious on earth-satellite path. Calculation of effect of turbulent atmosphere on infrared wave is shown that, the atmospheric attenuation from low earth orbit satellite to earth based station is about 6dB when clear condition. By applying the quantum computation language which is used in quantum computation to the research of quantum communication, simulation experiment of a secure communication protocol is achieved. The results of the simulation experiment were tallied with numerical ones, which verified the feasibility of the low earth orbit satellite quantum communication system.     

大气湍流中直升机助降紫外光引导调制研究

为了研究大气湍流中不同调制方式对无线紫外光通信系统的性能影响,基于紫外光非直视通信模型,理论推导了弱湍流条件下开关键控、脉冲位置调制的误比特率。采用紫外光引导直升机助降模型,在不同调制方式下仿真分析了发射功率、通信距离、发散角、接收视场角、收发仰角对误比特率的影响。结果表明,不同调制方式的误比特率随着发射功率、发散角、接收视场角的增大而不断减小,随着通信距离、收发仰角的增大而增大; 在相同条件下,脉冲位置调制比开关键控的误比特率更低,而且随着调制阶数的增加,误比特率会越来越小。这一结果对提高紫外光通信系统在大气湍流中的抗干扰能力具有一定的应用价值。     

基于不同散射相函数的紫外光传输特性研究

为了研究三种不同散射相函数下紫外光大气传输特性,文章采用非直视紫外光通信的单次散射简化模型,对系统接收机接收到的能量及紫外光传输路径损耗随传输距离和散射角的变化情况进行分析.结果表明:三种相函数下,都表现为随传输距离的增大,接收能量减小,路径损耗增大,但三者之间存在一定的差异,对于紫外光通信系统,其传输性能的影响以前向散射为主,后向散射作用很小;随着散射角增大,后向散射作用相对明显;三种散射相函数下,紫外光通信链路的最佳散射角不同,但均随发射仰角的增大或接收仰角的增大最佳散射角增大,而接收能量减小.     

无线紫外光通信组网链路性能分析

为了分析紫外光非视距通信组网链路性能,采用单次散射大气信道传输模型,对紫外光非视距通信的全向发送全向接收和定向发送全向接收两类工作模式进行了理论分析,并在链状和网格状的拓扑结构下分别进行了计算机仿真实验,对比分析了两类工作模式下网络的吞吐量、时延、抖动率、丢包率等性能.结果表明,在紫外无线光Mesh网络的通信中,采用定...     

28 GHz室内毫米波信道路径损耗模型研究

毫米波信道建模是第五代（the 5th Generation,5G）移动通信系统的关键技术,而路径损耗是表征毫米波信道传播大尺度衰落影响的重要参数.为了更好地理解毫米波信道的传播特性,应进行广泛的信道测量与建模.因此,对28 GHz室内环境进行了信道测量,并给出了相应的毫米波信道路径损耗模型,同时基于入射及反弹射线法/镜像法仿真分析了路径损耗传播特性.研究结果表明:实测结果与仿真结果一致性吻合良好,从而验证了入射及反弹射线法/镜像法的正确性;自由空间邻近（Close-In,CI）参考距离路径损耗模型表达式更简洁,鲁棒性更强.最后,本文给出了一种普遍适用的用来表征室内视距（Line-of-Sight,LOS）与非视距（Non-Line-of-Sight,NLOS）环境28 GHz与60 GHz毫米波信道的路径损耗模型.     

紫外光通信及其军事应用研究

研究总结了紫外(UV)光通信的最新进展,以紫外光/大气传输散射特性为基础,论述了紫外光通信的基本原理、关键技术及发展方向。在初步探讨现代战争信息网需求和紫外光通信特点的基础上,阐述了紫外光通信在战争中可能被应用的模式。最后结合国内外在该领域取得的成果,指出紫外光通信在未来战场中具有重要的军事意义。     

Survey of NLOS identification and error mitigation problems in UWB-based positioning algorithms for dense environments

In this survey, the currently available ultra-wideband-based non-line-of-sight (NLOS) identification and error mitigation methods are presented. They are classified into several categories and their comparison is presented in two tables: one each for NLOS identification and error mitigation. NLOS identification methods are classified based on range estimates, channel statistics, and the actual maps of the building and environment. NLOS error mitigation methods are categorized based on direct path and statistics-based detection.     

Millimeter-Wave Propagation Channel Characterization for Short-Range Wireless Communications

This paper presents and analyzes the results of millimeter-wave 60-GHz frequency range propagation channel measurements that are performed in various indoor environments for continuous-route and direction-of-arrival (DOA) measurement campaigns. The statistical parameters of the propagation channel, such as the number of paths, the RMS delay spread, the path loss, and the shadowing, are inspected. Moreover, the interdependencies of different characteristics of the multipath channel are also investigated. A linear relationship between the number of paths and the delay spread is found, negative cross correlation between the shadow fading and the delay spread can be established, and an upper bound exponential model of the delay spread and the path loss is developed to estimate the worst case of the RMS delay spread at given path loss. Based on the DOA measurements that are carried out in a room [line of sight (LOS)] and in a corridor with both LOS and nonline-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios, radio-wave propagation mechanisms are studied. It is found that considering the direct wave and the first-order reflected waves from smooth surfaces is sufficient in the LOS cases. Transmission loss is very high; however, diffraction is found to be a significant propagation mechanism in NLOS propagation environments. The results can be used for the design of 60-GHz radio systems in short-range wireless applications.     

基于非视线红外激光大气散射通信技术研究

为了实现非视线激光大气散射通信,根据米氏散射理论,建立了非视线通信链路模型,研究了1.06m激光的大气散射通信技术,分析了激光接收功率、激光发射功率、激光发散角、接收视场、探测器灵敏度、发射机倾角、接收机倾角、大气衰减和通信距离的关系,并搭建了试验原理系统,进行了1km距离的散射通信试验,获得了激光散射信号。结果表明,在一定的天气条件下,采用波长为1.06m的红外激光进行信号传输,有望实现远距离的大气散射通信。