基于S函数的汽车前照灯智能转向系统仿真

为了解决夜晚汽车在弯道上行驶的"盲区"问题,提高驾驶员在夜间行驶的安全性,提出了汽车前照大灯智能转向系统,能根据汽车的行驶参数不断地对前照灯进行动态调节,确保对前方道路提供最佳的照明.根据汽车在转向过程中的行驶动力学方程,利用MATLAB中的S函数建立其仿真模型,并通过研究其工作特性给出了汽车前照大灯水平调整角度的计算方法.在无刷直流电机位置和转速双闭环仿真模型的基础上,建立了整个控制系统的仿真模型,仿真结果表明:整个智能控制系统具有快速性和准确性,对实际设计提供了参考依据.     

线控转向汽车防侧翻稳定性控制

通过线控转向（Steer by Wire,SBW）系统控制汽车方向盘转角提高某汽车在极限行驶中抗侧翻能力.建立SBW整车模型,基于紧急避让、紧急掉头和蛇行运动等3种危险操纵稳定性工况分析,得出该车易侧翻的结论.提出基于横向载荷转移率(Lateral Load Transfer Ratio, LTR)的车辆动态防侧翻控制算法,通过SIMULINK与CarSim的联合仿真平台,建立转向优化控制模型.仿真结果表明在典型工况下该车防侧翻性能得到明显改善.     

汽车转向/防抱死制动系统的无模型协同控制

汽车制动系统和转向系统相互之间存在着复杂的耦合关系,会对汽车行驶安全性和操纵稳定性造成极大的影响。为了动态补偿这种干扰影响,以无模型控制方法设计汽车整车防抱死制动控制器、整车前轮主动转向控制器及转向系统和制动系统的协同控制器,从理论上证明了设计的无模型控制系统的稳定性。最后,在MATLAB/Simulink平台上搭建了车辆模型和控制器,进行汽车转向制动控制的动态性能仿真。仿真结果表明其解决了汽车两个系统的耦合干扰,提高了汽车制动效能和转向稳定性。     

四轮独立驱动电动汽车转向稳定控制

四轮驱动电动汽车在中高速转向行驶过程中,轮胎的非线性特性会使得汽车出现大摆动、侧滑、过度或不足转向等安全问题.针对可能出现的问题,提出了四轮驱动电动汽车转向稳定分层控制策略.上层横摆稳定控制器采用基于图表的滑模控制算法规划出使车辆转向稳定的附加横摆力矩.下层转矩优化分配控制器采用模型预测控制方法实现4个轮胎的转矩分配,保证车辆转向行驶安全性.仿真结果表明所设计的控制策略能够有效保证车辆的稳定转向行驶.     

四轮转向半挂汽车列车行驶稳定性仿真研究

通过分析四轮转向(4WS)半挂汽车列车行驶性能,为在牵引车上采用4WS技术能提高整个汽车列车行驶稳定性提供依据.建立4WS半挂汽车列车简化三自由度单轨动力学模型,在小角度转向和直线行驶两种行驶工况下对操纵稳定性能进行时域仿真研究.理论分析和基于MATLAB的仿真研究表明,4WS技术能使车辆的横摆角速度等状态量保持较小数值.稳定性好.最后,与只有前轮转向(FWS)牵引车列车的稳定性能作对比分析,验证出4WS对列车的高速稳定性和低速机动性有明显的好处.     

基于差动制动的SUV防侧翻控制仿真研究

在汽车行驶安全性研究中,为提高SUV极限行驶性能中的抗侧翻能力,建立了一种差动制动的防侧翻控制方法.建立了三自由度SUV侧翻模型,并在SUV侧翻模型的基础上推导出横向载荷转移率,作为汽车的动态侧翻性能指标,用来定量的表示汽车的侧翻稳定性能,并用特定值作为控制系统的触发因子,从而在符合控制条件时通过PID控制器对侧向加速度差值进行控制,进而进行制动力的分配,实现差动制动控制.以Matlab/Simulink和CarSim仿真软件作为仿真平台对SUV防侧翻控制系统进行联合仿真,仿真结果表明在典型工况下SUV防侧翻性能得到有效改善,横向载荷转移率值降低12.5%左右.实验证明,研究结果对SUV防侧翻控制系统的设计具有一定参考价值.     

汽车线控转向系统的建模与仿真研究

研究汽车转向稳定性控制问题。针对线控转向系统的可变转向特性对汽车操纵影响稳定性,为保证行驶安全性,通过分析线控转向系统的工作原理和结构特点,建立线控转向系统各组成部分的数学模型,结合驾驶员模型和整车模型,对线控转向系统的可变角传递特性和力传递特性进行仿真。仿真结果表明:SBW系统能够获得与传统转向系统同样清晰的路感,并且SBW系统能够保持稳定的转向灵敏度,从而改善了汽车的稳定性,为保证行驶的安全提供了依据。     

考虑车辆横向主动安全的智能驾驶员模型

结合智能车面临的横向安全问题, 设计了一种具有横向安全性的智能驾驶员模型. 该系统由转向控制、速度控制和决策规划三个模块组成. 该系统的主要作用包括: 一是通过在转向控制中加入主要约束提高车辆在转向过程中的横向稳定性, 减小车辆发生侧滑、侧倾、侧偏等风险; 二是在换道场景下, 决策规划单元合理分析交通环境中的车间距并计算出驶入临近车道的速度和轨迹, 使智能车实现安全换道. CarSim/Simulink仿真结果表明, 该智能驾驶员系统提高了车辆行驶的横向安全性.     

基于Q-学习算法的SAS与EPS协调控制仿真研究

为提高汽车的行驶平顺性和转向稳定性,用Matlab/simulink平台建立了SAS(半主动悬架)与EPS(电动助力转向)的集成模型,并与Carsim整车动力学模型结合,建立联合仿真模型;在此基础上,提出了一种基于Q一学习的协调控制方法,在给定转向工况范围情况下,通过Q一学习算法获得的Q值,将其用于控制器设计,实现对SAS与EPS两个子系统进行协调控制;通过比对仿真结果中的车身横摆角速度和车身侧倾角等性能参数表明:采用Q-学习协调控制方法比常规的集成控制方法有效地降低了车身横摆角速度和车身侧倾角,更好地优化两者之间的匹配关系,使汽车行驶的平顺性和转向的稳定性得到了有效的改善,从而提高了整车的安全性能.     

混合动力汽车电子差速控制系统的研究

为了研究混合动力汽车的电子差速特性,通过分析汽车转向轨迹,提出了一种新的电子差速控制方法.由于汽车转向行驶时内、外侧车轮转速与转向角和车体速度之间为非线性关系,采用神经网络模型参考自适应的控制方法.仿真结果证明,该电子差速系统鲁棒性好,具有一定的可行性.     

Disturbance Observer Based Control for Four Wheel Steering Vehicles With Model Reference

This paper presents a disturbance observer based control strategy for four wheel steering systems in order to improve vehicle handling stability. By combination of feedforward control and feedback control, the front and rear wheel steering angles are controlled simultaneously to follow both the desired sideslip angle and the yaw rate of the reference vehicle model. A nonlinear three degree-of-freedom four wheel steering vehicle model containing lateral, yaw and roll motions is built up, which also takes the dynamic effects of crosswind into consideration. The disturbance observer based control method is provided to cope with ignored nonlinear dynamics and to handle exogenous disturbances. Finally, a simulation experiment is carried out, which shows that the proposed four wheel steering vehicle can guarantee handling stability and present strong robustness against external disturbances.      

The Enhancement of Handling Stability for Driver-combined-vehicle Systems through Adaptive Steering Controller

Drivers who lack sufficient experience would be unable to achieve handling stability due to the variation and dynamics of the combined vehicles (CVs). Drivers face hurdles in the stabilization attempt once these vehicles are rendered unstable. In this investigation, the use of the behavior of real vehicles to track the desired properties of the developed combined vehicles can help maintain good handling stability despite the present varying dynamics. This paper provides an appropriate design method for CVs to gain suitable handling property for such vehicles. The developed adaptive steering controller (ASC) allows the tracking of the desired vehicle by the real vehicle, despite the variation of parameter and lack of information of the real vehicle. Simulation results are obtained to validate that the handling stability was improved by using one design parameter, which minimizes frequency oscillation caused in the wheel steering angles. The introduction of a driver model that can simulate the real vehicle demonstrated that the adoption of the ASC is useful in the driver-tractor-semitrailer system.

     

Vehicle Dynamics Modeling and Electronic Stability Program/ Active Front Steering Sliding Mode Integrated Control

Chassis integrated control can significantly improve vehicle handling stability and comfort. Because of the complexity of the problem, it has attracted significant research attention. We built a vehicle nonlinear dynamic model with multi‐degree freedom, including body movement, wheel movement, and electronically controlled hydraulic power steering system. We compared the magic formula tire model, Dugoff tire model, brush tire model, and LuGre dynamic friction tire model and steady model. The precision of the model was verified by a comparison between simulation results and the real vehicle test results. Then, based on the vehicle dynamics model, an AFS (active front steering) controller was designed based on sliding mode variable structure control, and an AFS and ESP (electronic stability program) integrated coordination controller was proposed. Finally, based on the nonlinear tire model and multi‐DOF (degree of freedom) vehicle model, sinusoidal and step steering angle input simulation analysis was proposed on different road friction coefficients. The results show that the vehicle has better response characteristics with coordinated control strategy when compared with AFS and ESP only control. The evidence suggests that the proposed integrated control system in this paper can improve vehicle stability and safety.     

Yaw Moment Control Strategy for Four Wheel Side Driven EV

When four wheel side driven EV travals in steering or changes lanes in high speed, the vehicle is easy to side-slip or flick due to the difference of wheel hub motor and a direct effect of vehicle nonlinear factors on vehicle yaw motion, which would affect vehicle handling and stability seriously. To solve this problem, a joint control strategy, combined with the linear programming algorithm and improved sliding mode algorithm, which combines the exponential reaching law and saturation function was proposed. Firstly, the vehicle dynamics model and the reference model according with the structure and driving characteristics of four wheel side driven EV were set up. Then, introduced the basic method of the improved sliding mode variable structure control and complete the sliding mode variable structure controller design basic on vehicle sideslip angle and yaw velocity.The controller accomplish optimal allocation of vehicle braking force through a linear programming algorithm, according to yaw moment produced by the vehicle motion state. Single lane driving simulation results show that the proposed control strategy can not only control vehicle sideslip angle and yaw velocity well, but also accomplish good controlling of the vehicle yaw moment, so as to significantly improve the handling and stability of vehicle.     

Four wheel steering control by fuzzy approach

This study introduces a fuzzy four-wheel steering control design method for automotive vehicles. After the analysis of some stability aspects of the vehicle lateral motion, including front steering angle variations, the representation of vehicle nonlinear model by Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model is presented. Next, based on the fuzzy model, a fuzzy controller is developed to improve the stability of the vehicle. Sufficient conditions for stability and stabilization of the T-S fuzzy model using fuzzy feedback controllers is given. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy controller, simulation results are given showing the performance improvements of the vehicle in terms of the stability and the maneuverability in critical situations.     

Path tracking controller design of four wheel independent steering automatic guided vehicle

This paper presents a new type of four wheel independent steering automatic guided vehicle (4WIS-AGV) for carrying heavy baggage and proposes a controller for the 4WIS-AGV to track reference trajectories. To do this task, the followings are done. Firstly, a 4WIS-AGV is designed and manufactured for experimental purpose. Secondly, a kinematic modeling for the 4WIS-AGV is introduced based on a single track vehicle model. Thirdly, based on the modeling, a controller is designed based on Backstepping method for the 4WIS-AGV to track reference trajectories. Fourthly, a control system is developed using industrial PC and AVR ATmega128 microcontrollers to implement the designed controller. Finally, simulations and experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness and performances of the proposed controller in tracking two types of reference trajectories: a trajectory with sharp edges for parallel steering maneuver and a circular trajectory for zero-sideslip maneuver. The results show that the proposed controller can make the 4WIS-AGV track the trajectory with sharp edges and the circular trajectory very well.     

Studies on improving vehicle handling and lane keeping performance of closed-loop driver–vehicle system with integrated chassis control

This study proposes a new integrated robust model matching chassis controller to improve vehicle handling performance and lane keep ability. The design framework of the H_∞ controller is based on linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), which integrates active rear wheel steering control, longitudinal force compensation and active yaw moment control. To comprehensively evaluate the performance of the integrated chassis control system, a closed-loop driver–vehicle system is used. The effectiveness of the integrated controller on handling performance improvement is tested by a vehicle without driver model under a crosswind disturbance. At the same time, both the handling and lane keeping improving performance of the closed-loop driver–vehicle system is evaluated by tracking an S shape winding road. The simulation results reveal that the integrated chassis controller not only achieves preferable handling performance and stability, but also improves the vehicle lane keep ability significantly, and can alleviate the working load of the driver.     

遗传算法优化线控转向系统角传动比的研究

线控转向系统取消了转向盘与转向轮的机械连接,可以根据车况灵活改变角传动比以提高汽车的操纵稳定性.首先建立了线控转向系统的人-车-路闭环动力学模型,包括道路模型、驾驶员模型、二自由度整车模型.然后研究了包括轨道误差总方差、方向误差指标、驾驶员转向负担三项指标的开环总方差.最后利用遗传算法,以开环总方差为适应度函数,对不同车速下的传动比进行优化.结果表明,各车速下的传动比使得开环总方差较小,提高了车道跟踪性能、方向稳定性能.降低了驾驶员的转向负荷,从而提高汽车的操纵稳定性.