大豆分离蛋白对湿米粉储藏品质的影响

以湿米粉储藏过程中硬度、蒸煮损失和断条率的变化为指标,研究大豆分离蛋白对湿米粉品质的影响。结果表明,大豆分离蛋白会导致湿米粉硬度的升高,但在储藏过程中添加大豆分离蛋白的湿米粉硬度低于未添加大豆分离蛋白的湿米粉,这表明大豆分离蛋白可显著改善湿米粉在储藏过程中的硬度升高现象;当大豆分离蛋白添加量低于4%时,湿米粉的蒸煮损失和断条率均随大豆分离蛋白添加量的增加而下降;但大豆分离蛋白添加量达6%时,湿米粉的蒸煮损失和断条率上升。结果表明适量的大豆分离蛋白可改善湿米粉的食用品质,但大豆分离蛋白添加量不是越多越好。差示热量扫描和微观结构分析发现大豆分离蛋白可抑制湿米粉中淀粉的回生,赋予米粉蜂窝状多孔结构,有利于米粉在储藏过程中保持水分不发生迁移从而提高湿米粉品质。     

混料实验和模糊评价结合优化芝麻花生油茶配方

为优化芝麻花生油茶的食用品质,采用模糊感官评价结合混料实验设计优化芝麻花生油茶的主料,即面粉、大豆分离蛋白、花生和芝麻的添加量。结果表明:油茶的主料和主料间的交互作用会显著影响油茶的感官品质。当面粉添加量为70.39%,大豆分离蛋白添加量为19.07%,花生添加量为5.53%,芝麻添加量为5.00%,油茶的感官品质最佳,且感官评价值与模型预测值无显著性差异。     

青岛风味烤肠的生产工艺研究

研究了卡拉胶、大豆分离蛋白和冰水对青岛风味烤肠食用品质的影响,通过单因素和正交试验,得到生产青岛风味烤肠的较优生产工艺条件。研究结果表明:卡拉胶、大豆分离蛋白和冰水的最佳添加量分别为0.8%、5.0%、40%。     

大豆分离蛋白的提取及其在面制品中的应用

简要地介绍了大豆分离蛋白的提取方法、功能特性及其在面制品中的应用.并根据当前研究现状及存在问题对大豆分离蛋白在面制品加工中的应用进行了展望.     

大豆分离蛋白对面团特性及挂面品质的影响研究

以大豆分离蛋白为主要辅料,研究了添加大豆分离蛋白对面团特性及挂面品质的影响,探讨了大豆分离蛋白营养强化挂面的可行性.结果表明,添加大豆分离蛋白可使面团的吸水率增加,面团的形成时间和稳定时间延长,评价值升高,5 cm处拉伸阻力和最大抗拉伸阻力降低,面团的延伸性、拉伸能量增加;添加适量的大豆分离蛋白可以改善挂面的品质,挂面的吸水率、最佳蒸煮时间增加,蒸煮损失减少,挂面的韧性、硬度、弹性增强.大豆分离蛋白的最佳添加量不宜超过6%.     

氧化大豆分离蛋白对法兰克福香肠品质的影响

研究将经适度氧化的大豆分离蛋白以0%、2%、4%、6%、8%添加至法兰克福香肠,测定其水分含量、色泽、质构和感官指标,目的是研究氧化大豆分离蛋白对法兰克福香肠品质的影响。结果得出,当氧化大豆分离蛋白添加量为4%时,法兰克福香肠的综合品质最佳。     

牡丹花蕊蛋白对面团和面筋蛋白特性的影响

为实现牡丹花蕊资源化利用,以大豆分离蛋白为参照,研究牡丹花蕊蛋白对面团和面筋蛋白质构、动态流变学特性、二硫键、表面微观结构和二级结构的影响。结果表明,牡丹花蕊蛋白能够明显提高面团的硬度、黏着性和咀嚼性,添加量低于6%时效果优于大豆分离蛋白。添加花蕊蛋白提高了面团的储能模量与损耗模量,使得面团黏弹性增加。牡丹花蕊蛋白对面筋蛋白网络结构形成的影响与大豆分离蛋白基本一致,添加量为6%时,扫描电镜显示面筋蛋白气孔数量多且孔洞深,网络结构致密;面筋蛋白二级结构中,相对稳定的α-螺旋+β-折叠占比达到最大值59.32%,与空白组相比二硫键含量提高了89%。牡丹花蕊蛋白能够有效促进面筋蛋白网络结构的形成,提高面团的品质,可用于对黏弹性要求较高的面制品生产。     

大豆蛋白在面条中的应用研究

研究了添加大豆蛋白粉、改性大豆蛋白粉(面条专用)、大豆浓缩蛋白、大豆分离蛋白对面条品质的影响。结果表明,普通的大豆蛋白对面条品质有不良影响,但添加改性后的大豆蛋白粉,在6％的用量以内,对面团品质没有不良影响。     

添加磷脂大豆分离蛋白复合物对冰淇淋品质的影响

将大豆分离蛋白与磷脂复合物添加到冰淇淋中,以膨胀率、融化率、硬度和感官评价等为衡量指标,研究其对冰淇淋品质的影响。在单因素的基础上,运用响应面优化磷脂大豆分离蛋白复合物冰淇淋的最佳工艺条件。结果显示,当磷脂大豆分离蛋白复合物添加20%、大豆分离蛋白与磷脂比例3∶1、乳化剂添加量为0.15%时,膨胀率达到72.12%,比普通冰淇淋提高了22.17%。感官评价研究表明,感官评价良好。     

大豆分离蛋白在食品加工中的应用

大豆分离蛋白在食品工业中应用广泛,本文综述了大豆分离蛋白在肉制品、膜制品、面制品中应用的研究进展,大豆分离蛋白可以增加食品的营养价值、改善食品的感官已成为目前研究的热点。     

大豆分离蛋白粉对面团流变学特性和馒头品质的影响研究

将大豆分离蛋白粉作为一种食品添加剂添加到小麦粉中,研究其对面团流变学特性和馒头品质的影响。实验结果得出,在小麦粉中添加大豆分离蛋白粉,可以明显地改善面团的稳定时间以及拉伸曲线面积和拉伸阻力。另外还可以提高馒头的品质,当在小麦粉中添加3%的大豆分离蛋白粉时,其对馒头品质有较好的改善作用。     

大豆分离蛋白对小米粉性质的影响

以普通小米和糯小米为原料,探讨大豆分离蛋白含量对米粉性质的影响。结果表明:大豆分离蛋白含量与糯小米粉黏滞曲线成正相关,而与普通小米粉黏滞曲线呈负相关。含大豆分离蛋白9%的糯小米粉衰减值为746 cP,含大豆分离蛋白3%的普通小米粉衰减值为487.5 cP;二者的糊化温度约为75℃;糯小米粉的峰值黏度比普通小米粉出现的早,但谷值黏度、回生值均低于普通小米粉;糯小米粉和普通小米粉在85℃时的可溶指数最大;大豆分离蛋白添加量与2种小米粉的凝沉性无明显关系,普通小米粉的凝沉性是糯小米粉的2倍。     

Effect of lipoxygenase activity in defatted soybean flour on the gelling properties of soybean protein isolate

Soybean lipoxygenase was inactivated to different degrees by dry heating of defatted soybean flour for 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 min and soy protein isolates were prepared thereof by isoelectric precipitation of the water extract of the defatted soybean flour. The fluorescence emission intensity at 420 nm of the chloroform–methanol extract of soy protein isolates, which was indicator of the existence of peroxidized lipid, varied in parallel with the lipoxygenase residual activity in defatted soybean flours. The dispersion of soy protein isolate showed an increasing turbidity with the increase of lipoxygenase residual activity in the starting defatted soybean flour, suggesting an elevated tendency to form insoluble aggregates during the preparation of soy protein isolate. Small deformation rheological test revealed that the gelling times were shorter for those soy protein isolates derived from low lipoxygenase activity defatted soybean flours than that of high lipoxygenase activity. Frequency sweep showed that G′ of soy protein isolate derived from low lipoxygenase defatted soybean flour was independent of oscillation frequency in contrast to that of derived from non dry-heated defatted soybean flour, the latter showed a marked frequency dependence. Large deformation test revealed that the gel hardness increased about 10 times after dry heating of defatted soybean flour for 20 min. As the increase of the lipoxygenase residual activity, the gel permeability increased markedly, suggesting that soy protein isolate from high lipoxygenase defatted soybean flour produced coarser textured gel, which corresponded well with the results of scanning electron microscopy.     

调质马铃薯全粉的稳态流变特性及面条品质评价（网络首发、推荐阅读）

为探讨高含量马铃薯全粉与小麦粉混合对面条加工及品质评价的影响,以大豆分离蛋白和超声波协同作用的调质马铃薯全粉为研究对象,通过测定不同比例调质粉与小麦粉混合体系的稳态流变特性及蒸制熟面条的拉伸特性、质构特性及感官评价,进行综合评价。结果表明,当调质粉含量达到50%时,表观黏度随剪切速率的变化表现最稳定,流动指数值较大,表明小麦粉中添加调质粉可降低流动阻力、有利于产品加工;超声波结合大豆分离蛋白对马铃薯全粉的调质处理在改善原马铃薯全粉的延展性、可塑性以及强度和筋力方面具有积极作用;调质粉系列蒸制熟面条的质构特性及感官品质总体评价良好,咀嚼性低于小麦粉面条。证实经过调质处理的马铃薯全粉可适当提高与小麦粉的混合比例,有利于马铃薯主粮化的推进。     

低温脱脂豆粉及其与维生素C协同改良馒头品质的研究

实验证明,添加适量的低温脱脂豆粉可制作品质优良的 馒头;低温脱脂豆粉可作为改良剂提高馒头和面粉的品 质;低温脱脂豆粉与维生素C对改善馒头品质具有显著 的协同改良作用,可作为良好的馒头品质复合改良剂。     

Effects of barley flour and barley protein isolate on chemical, functional, nutritional and biological properties of Pita bread

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of fortification of wheat flour with barley flour (BF) and barley protein isolate (BPI) at three levels; 5, 10 and 15% levels on the chemical composition, nutritional evaluation and biological properties of pita bread. Proteins fractions such as globulin, prolamin, glutelin-1 and glutelin-2 as well as protein isolates were extracted from barley flour and evaluated for protein yield, chemical composition and nutritional quality. Highest yield and essential amino acids contents were obtained in barley protein isolate. SDS-PAGE gels electrophoresis indicated that fortified wheat flour with BPI and BF consists of proteins coming from wheat flour and barley proteins. The contents of essential limiting amino acids in bread were increased from 1.38 to 3.10 g/100 g for lysine and from 0.86 to 1.73 g/100 g for methionine as the ratio of fortification with BF and BPI increased from 0 to 15%. The highest content of total phenolics, antioxidant activity, and inhibitory activity for both angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and α-amylase were found in fortified bread with BPI at 15%. Results indicated that bread made from fortification of wheat flour with BF and BPI at 15% showed superior chemical, physico-chemical, nutritional and biological properties.     

复合营养主食专用粉的研究

将全豆粉、荞麦外层粉、高复合膳食纤维进行一定的预处理与普通小麦粉混合制作复合营养主食专用粉。经实验确定了普通小麦粉、全豆粉、荞麦外层粉、高复合膳食纤维的较佳配比,同时研究了复合营养主食专用粉在制作馒头、面条过程中的加水量、发酵时间对产品的影响及复合营养主食专用粉中的矿物质、膳食纤维、氨基酸的变化,复合营养主食专用粉不但营养有所提高,而且不影响主食的制作。     

Effect of Defatted Soybean and Soybean Isolate Fortification on the Nutritional, Physical, Chemical and Sensory Properties of Wheat Flour Tortillas

Wheat flour fortified with 11.1% defatted soybean meal (SBM) or 5.6% soybean isolate (SBI) was processed into flour tortillas. Fortified tortillas contained 35% more protein and twice as much lysine as the 100% wheat flour tortilla. Addition of SBM or SBI decreased dough elasticity but increased dough water absorption and the force required to stretch the dough. The SBM fortified tortilla had better texture (P < 0.05) than the 100% wheat flour tortilla and similar flavor and color (P > 0.05). Rats fed fortified tortillas gained three times as much weight and doubled the protein efficiency ratio (PER) when compared to rats fed wheat flour tortillas. The apparent biological and net protein utilization values of the fortified tortillas were similar (P > 0.05) and higher (P < 0.05) than the wheat flour tortilla. The SBI fortified tortilla had a higher apparent protein digestibility (P < 0.05) than the 100% wheat flour and SBM fortified tortillas.     

小麦粉对馒头品质的影响

馒头品质的主要影响因素之一是小麦面粉品质。对小麦粉中的蛋白质含量、蛋白质质量、蛋白质组分及面团的流变学特性,淀粉含量、淀粉组成及小麦淀粉的黏度特性等各因素对馒头品质的影响进行了较为详细的论述。     

Effects of protein oxidation on the rheological behaviour of different wheat flour

Wheat flour proteins are subject to oxidation reactions during production, processing and storage. The quality of protein and the rheological properties of wheat are crucial for the flour industry. However, the impact and mechanism of protein oxidised on wheat flour quality remain unclear. In this study, ozone was used to oxidise wheat grains, the secondary structure of protein in flour and the rheological properties of dough were analysed by FTIR and Mixolab. The proportion of α-helix and β-folding of protein were decreased significantly, as were the development time (DDT), stability time (DST) and protein weakening (C2) value of dough. Meanwhile, starch gelatinisation (C3), amylase activity (C4) and retrogradation (C5) were increased significantly, along with the elastic modulus (G′) and viscous modulus (G″). Microstructure analysis indicated that protein oxidation destroyed the gluten network structure in the dough. In addition, the L* value of dough was decreased and a* and b* values were increased significantly. The results showed that the oxidation of protein reduced the stability of protein secondary structure, weakened the structure and stability of the gluten network in dough, and changed the viscoelasticity and colour of dough. Overall, these findings provide a better understanding of rheological behaviour in wheat flour.